Viral and bacterial respiratory pathogens are spread by means of air. Majorly, respiratory pathogenic organisms are transmitted from one person to the other through respiratory aerosols. An infectious aerosol is generated by sneezing, coughing, breathing, coughing, and by fomite contact or direct contact. The airborne pathogens affect both the upper and lower respiratory tracts.

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Answer 1

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Chapter 29, Problem 1RQ

Summary Introduction

Viral and bacterial respiratory pathogens are spread by means of air. Majorly, respiratory pathogenic organisms are transmitted from one person to the other through respiratory aerosols. An infectious aerosol is generated by sneezing, coughing, breathing, coughing, and by fomite contact or direct contact. The airborne pathogens affect both the upper and lower respiratory tracts.

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Explanation of Solution

Gram-positive bacteria cause respiratory diseases more frequently compared to the Gram-negative bacteria. This is because, Gram-positive bacteria are highly resistant to desiccation, as they possess thick, rigid cell walls, which is absent in the Gram-negative bacteria. This characteristic ensures Gram-positive bacteria a better rate of endurance, when dispersed in the airborne droplets. As a result, Gram-positive bacteria cause more frequent respiratory infections than the Gram-negative bacteria.

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The diagram below illustrates a quorum sensing pathway from Staphylococcus aureus. Please answer the following questions. 1. Autoinduction is part of the quorum sensing system. Which promoter (P2 or P3) is critical for autoinduction? 2)This staphylococcus aureus grows on human wounds, causing severe infections. You would like to start a clinical trial to treat these wound infections. Please describe: a) What molecule do you recommend for the trial. Why? b) Your trial requires that Staphylococcus aureus be isolated from the wound and submitted to genome sequencing before admittance. Why? What are you testing for? 3) If a mutation arises where the Promoter P3 is constitutively active, how would that influence sensitivity to AIP? Please explain your rationale. 4) This pathway is sensitive to bacterial cell density. Describe two separate mutation that would render the pathway active independent of cell density. Briefly explain your rationale. Mutation 1 Mutation 2

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You have a bacterial strain with the CMU operon: a) As shown in the image below, the cmu operon encodes a peptide (Pep1), as well as a kinase and regulator corresponding to a two-component system. The cmu operon is activated when Pep 1 is added to the growth media. Pep1 is a peptide that when added extracellularly leads to activation of the Cmu operon. Pep1 cmu-kinase cmu-regulator You also have these genetic components in other strains: b) An alternative sigma factor, with a promoter activated by the cmu-regulator, that control a series of multiple operons that together encode a transformasome (cellular machinery for transformation). c) the gene cl (a repressor). d) the promoter X, which includes a cl binding site (and in the absence of cl is active). e) the gene gp (encoding a green fluorescence protein). Using the cmu operon as a starting point, and assuming you can perform cloning to rearrange any of these genomic features, how would you use one or more of these to modify the…

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 29, Problem 1RQ

Summary Introduction

Viral and bacterial respiratory pathogens are spread by means of air. Majorly, respiratory pathogenic organisms are transmitted from one person to the other through respiratory aerosols. An infectious aerosol is generated by sneezing, coughing, breathing, coughing, and by fomite contact or direct contact. The airborne pathogens affect both the upper and lower respiratory tracts.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

Gram-positive bacteria cause respiratory diseases more frequently compared to the Gram-negative bacteria. This is because, Gram-positive bacteria are highly resistant to desiccation, as they possess thick, rigid cell walls, which is absent in the Gram-negative bacteria. This characteristic ensures Gram-positive bacteria a better rate of endurance, when dispersed in the airborne droplets. As a result, Gram-positive bacteria cause more frequent respiratory infections than the Gram-negative bacteria.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 29, Problem 1RQ

Summary Introduction

Viral and bacterial respiratory pathogens are spread by means of air. Majorly, respiratory pathogenic organisms are transmitted from one person to the other through respiratory aerosols. An infectious aerosol is generated by sneezing, coughing, breathing, coughing, and by fomite contact or direct contact. The airborne pathogens affect both the upper and lower respiratory tracts.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

Gram-positive bacteria cause respiratory diseases more frequently compared to the Gram-negative bacteria. This is because, Gram-positive bacteria are highly resistant to desiccation, as they possess thick, rigid cell walls, which is absent in the Gram-negative bacteria. This characteristic ensures Gram-positive bacteria a better rate of endurance, when dispersed in the airborne droplets. As a result, Gram-positive bacteria cause more frequent respiratory infections than the Gram-negative bacteria.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 29, Problem 1RQ

Summary Introduction

Viral and bacterial respiratory pathogens are spread by means of air. Majorly, respiratory pathogenic organisms are transmitted from one person to the other through respiratory aerosols. An infectious aerosol is generated by sneezing, coughing, breathing, coughing, and by fomite contact or direct contact. The airborne pathogens affect both the upper and lower respiratory tracts.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

Gram-positive bacteria cause respiratory diseases more frequently compared to the Gram-negative bacteria. This is because, Gram-positive bacteria are highly resistant to desiccation, as they possess thick, rigid cell walls, which is absent in the Gram-negative bacteria. This characteristic ensures Gram-positive bacteria a better rate of endurance, when dispersed in the airborne droplets. As a result, Gram-positive bacteria cause more frequent respiratory infections than the Gram-negative bacteria.

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Answer 5

Chapter 29, Problem 1RQ

Summary Introduction

Viral and bacterial respiratory pathogens are spread by means of air. Majorly, respiratory pathogenic organisms are transmitted from one person to the other through respiratory aerosols. An infectious aerosol is generated by sneezing, coughing, breathing, coughing, and by fomite contact or direct contact. The airborne pathogens affect both the upper and lower respiratory tracts.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

Gram-positive bacteria cause respiratory diseases more frequently compared to the Gram-negative bacteria. This is because, Gram-positive bacteria are highly resistant to desiccation, as they possess thick, rigid cell walls, which is absent in the Gram-negative bacteria. This characteristic ensures Gram-positive bacteria a better rate of endurance, when dispersed in the airborne droplets. As a result, Gram-positive bacteria cause more frequent respiratory infections than the Gram-negative bacteria.

Answer 6

Chapter 29, Problem 1RQ

Summary Introduction

Viral and bacterial respiratory pathogens are spread by means of air. Majorly, respiratory pathogenic organisms are transmitted from one person to the other through respiratory aerosols. An infectious aerosol is generated by sneezing, coughing, breathing, coughing, and by fomite contact or direct contact. The airborne pathogens affect both the upper and lower respiratory tracts.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

Gram-positive bacteria cause respiratory diseases more frequently compared to the Gram-negative bacteria. This is because, Gram-positive bacteria are highly resistant to desiccation, as they possess thick, rigid cell walls, which is absent in the Gram-negative bacteria. This characteristic ensures Gram-positive bacteria a better rate of endurance, when dispersed in the airborne droplets. As a result, Gram-positive bacteria cause more frequent respiratory infections than the Gram-negative bacteria.

Answer 7

Chapter 29, Problem 1RQ

Summary Introduction

Viral and bacterial respiratory pathogens are spread by means of air. Majorly, respiratory pathogenic organisms are transmitted from one person to the other through respiratory aerosols. An infectious aerosol is generated by sneezing, coughing, breathing, coughing, and by fomite contact or direct contact. The airborne pathogens affect both the upper and lower respiratory tracts.

Answer 8

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

Gram-positive bacteria cause respiratory diseases more frequently compared to the Gram-negative bacteria. This is because, Gram-positive bacteria are highly resistant to desiccation, as they possess thick, rigid cell walls, which is absent in the Gram-negative bacteria. This characteristic ensures Gram-positive bacteria a better rate of endurance, when dispersed in the airborne droplets. As a result, Gram-positive bacteria cause more frequent respiratory infections than the Gram-negative bacteria.

Answer 9

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Answer 10

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Answer 11

Ch. 29.1 - Why can it be said that respiratory pathogens have...Ch. 29.1 - Prob. 2MQ Ch. 29.2 - Prob. 1MQ Ch. 29.2 - What is the primary virulence factor for...Ch. 29.3 - Prob. 1MQ Ch. 29.3 - What measures can be taken to decrease the current...Ch. 29.4 - Why is Mycobacterium tuberculosis a widespread...Ch. 29.4 - Prob. 2MQ Ch. 29.5 - Identify the symptoms and causes of meningitis.Ch. 29.5 - Describe the infection by Neisseria meningitidis...

Solution Summary: The author explains that viral and bacterial respiratory pathogens are spread by air. Gram-positive bacteria are resistant to desiccation and have thick, rigid cell walls.

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