Human Biology: Concepts and Current Issues (8th Edition)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780134042435
Author: Michael D. Johnson
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 22, Problem 7AWK
Summary Introduction
To review
The causes of extinction and if humans are one of them.
Introduction:
Extinction means that a life-form dies out completely. Throughout the evolutionary history of the earth, major catastrophic events have sometimes wiped out whole groups of species regardless of fitness. Climate changes, volcanic activity, the actions of oxygen-producing organisms, changes in carbon dioxide concentration, asteroid impacts, have all lead to the extinction of species.
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Which of the following is believed to be common among all mass extinction events?
the type of event that causes the extinction
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the type of species that went extinct
If a sixth extinction event is occurring, how is it similar or different from the previous five mass extinctions? What sort of evidence do you think scientists look for to determine whether we are living through a mass extinction?
HOW MANY MASS EXTINCTION EVENTS HAS EARTH WITNESSED SO FAR?
Chapter 22 Solutions
Human Biology: Concepts and Current Issues (8th Edition)
Ch. 22 - Do you think the skeletons of Liang Bua Cave...Ch. 22 - Is it important that we try to discover the...Ch. 22 - Describe the three key elements of evolution.Ch. 22 - Explain how a fossil is created.Ch. 22 - List some of the main sources of evidence for...Ch. 22 - Prob. 4CRCh. 22 - Prob. 5CRCh. 22 - Prob. 6CRCh. 22 - Explain how rising atmospheric concentrations of...Ch. 22 - List the features that make Hominidae different...
Ch. 22 -
9. Describe the origins of Homo sapiens.
Ch. 22 - Explain why racial differences may disappear...Ch. 22 - Prob. 1TYCh. 22 - Prob. 2TYCh. 22 - Prob. 3TYCh. 22 - Vestigial structures, homologous structures, and...Ch. 22 -
5. Which of the following statements about...Ch. 22 - Which of the following best describes evolutionary...Ch. 22 - Prob. 7TYCh. 22 - Genetic drift is most likely to affect: a. every...Ch. 22 -
9. Which of the following would be described as...Ch. 22 - Which of the following statements is true? a. Mass...Ch. 22 - In what order did events occur that led to life on...Ch. 22 - Prob. 12TYCh. 22 -
13. Which of the following statements about the...Ch. 22 - Prob. 14TYCh. 22 - Which of the following is not believed to be a...Ch. 22 - Prob. 1AWKCh. 22 - Prob. 2AWKCh. 22 - Critics of evolution often charge, correctly as it...Ch. 22 - Prob. 4AWKCh. 22 - Prob. 5AWKCh. 22 - It is believed that humans evolved in Africa and...Ch. 22 - Prob. 7AWKCh. 22 - Of all the great evolutionary advances of life on...
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- Increases in species diversity arise because of A)increases in the rate of speciation. B)decreases in the rate of extinction. C)higher rates of speciation than extinction. D)All of the above The rates of extinction since the origin of life have followed which pattern? A)Gradual decrease B)Gradual increase C)No change D)Several episodes of mass extinctions, with much lower rates of fluctuating extinctions in between Which of the following statements about the outcome of the evolution of a new species through hybridization is false? A)The new species is always an intermediate of the two parent species. B)The new species may have traits that allow it to inhabit environments different from both parental species. C)The new species may have greater genetic diversity and therefore greater trait diversity than the parental species. D)All of the above How can ecological processes influence the evolution of a population? A)Ecological…arrow_forwardDistinguish between biological extinction and mass extinction. Does every species have the right to survive without human interference, regardless of whether they serve a useful purpose to humans? Explain?arrow_forwardWhat are some of the hypothesized causes of Earth’s biggest mass extinctions?arrow_forward
- Scientists are examining the possible role of a large asteroid in the Cretaceous mass extinction event. A large asteroid strike would likely have caused rapid climate cooling and diffusion of sunlight. Which of the following statements are the best null and alternative hypotheses when scientists look at the geologic evidence of extinction related to the asteroid strike? Null: The rate of extinction would be steady over the entire length of time the climate was altered. Alternative: The rate of extinction would be greatest immediately before the asteroid strike. Null: The rate of extinction would gradually decrease over the entire length of time the climate was altered. Alternative: The rate of extinction would be at its lowest immediately after the asteroid strike. Null: The rate of extinction would be steady over the entire length of time the climate was altered. Alternative: The rate of extinction would be greatest immediately after the asteroid strike. Null: The rate of…arrow_forwardWhy is studying extinctions is critical for our survival?arrow_forwardIf extinction is a natural part of life on Earth, why should we care about protectingendangered species Explainarrow_forward
- Perhaps 98 percent to 99 percent of all species that have ever existed areextinct. Nearly all went extinct long before humans arrived on the scene. Whyshould we be concerned about the extinction of organisms today?arrow_forwardWhat are the five mass extinctions of the past and the current theory of the sixth mass extinction? For each extinctions, what caused the extinction and how was ecosystem stability impacted? Was there any speciation that occurred afterward?arrow_forwardWe have looked at what the fossil record can tell us about the amazing History of Life on Earth. We've examined the evidence for an early origin for life in the sea, 3800 million years, and investigated how life invaded life about 500 million years. We've also discussed the subsequent boom in life that massively increased biodiversity but also noted how the History of Life is frequently punctuated by mass extinctions. Today we stand on the threshold of a new mass extinction event. The biodiversity that we take for granted and that sustains humans is threatened to a degree only rarely seen in 4500 million years of Earth History. NOW TO CONCLUDE, ANSWER THE QUESTION. 1. ARE WE ON THE BRINK OF A MASS EXTINCTION? WHAT WOULD BE THE CONSEQUENCES FOR SOCIETY OF LOSING HALF OF ALL SPECIES BY 2100? ARE THERE ACTIONS THAT WE CAN TAKE AS INDIVIDUALS AND AS SOCIETY TO HELP PROTECT LIFE ON EARTH?arrow_forward
- WHAT IS MASS EXTINCTION? HOW DID MASS EXTINCTION EVENTS INFLUENCE EARTH'S HISTORY?arrow_forwardDefine extinctionarrow_forwardMost biologists and climatologists agree that the earth is warming, why do people disregard the evidence for global warming? What should be done to reach the public?arrow_forward
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