Human Biology: Concepts and Current Issues (8th Edition)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780134042435
Author: Michael D. Johnson
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 22, Problem 4AWK
Summary Introduction
To review
As to why the suspected age of the fossil determines which isotope an investigator might use to try to date it.
Introduction:
Radiometric dating is the most common technique used to date rocks and fossils. This technique takes advantage of radioactive isotopes of elements. These radioactive isotopes are inherently unstable and radiate, or give off particles until they reach a more stable state, which is sometimes a completely different, more stable atom. The age of a mineral/fossil can be determined by measuring the number of radioactive isotopes.
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Paraphrase/Describe the following dating methods: Law of Superposition, Dendrochronology, Paleomagnetism/archaeomagnetism, Radiocarbon dating, Potassium-Argon dating.
Which item is best dated using the potassium-argon (K-Ar) method?
Group of answer choices
A: Cave layers in South Africa
B: stone tools
C: Ancient dinosaur bones
D: organic materials
E: Lava flows found in the Olduvai Gorge
Explain why it is difficult to use carbon-14 dating on 100-million-year-old dinosaur fossils
Chapter 22 Solutions
Human Biology: Concepts and Current Issues (8th Edition)
Ch. 22 - Do you think the skeletons of Liang Bua Cave...Ch. 22 - Is it important that we try to discover the...Ch. 22 - Describe the three key elements of evolution.Ch. 22 - Explain how a fossil is created.Ch. 22 - List some of the main sources of evidence for...Ch. 22 - Prob. 4CRCh. 22 - Prob. 5CRCh. 22 - Prob. 6CRCh. 22 - Explain how rising atmospheric concentrations of...Ch. 22 - List the features that make Hominidae different...
Ch. 22 -
9. Describe the origins of Homo sapiens.
Ch. 22 - Explain why racial differences may disappear...Ch. 22 - Prob. 1TYCh. 22 - Prob. 2TYCh. 22 - Prob. 3TYCh. 22 - Vestigial structures, homologous structures, and...Ch. 22 -
5. Which of the following statements about...Ch. 22 - Which of the following best describes evolutionary...Ch. 22 - Prob. 7TYCh. 22 - Genetic drift is most likely to affect: a. every...Ch. 22 -
9. Which of the following would be described as...Ch. 22 - Which of the following statements is true? a. Mass...Ch. 22 - In what order did events occur that led to life on...Ch. 22 - Prob. 12TYCh. 22 -
13. Which of the following statements about the...Ch. 22 - Prob. 14TYCh. 22 - Which of the following is not believed to be a...Ch. 22 - Prob. 1AWKCh. 22 - Prob. 2AWKCh. 22 - Critics of evolution often charge, correctly as it...Ch. 22 - Prob. 4AWKCh. 22 - Prob. 5AWKCh. 22 - It is believed that humans evolved in Africa and...Ch. 22 - Prob. 7AWKCh. 22 - Of all the great evolutionary advances of life on...
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- An organism dies,and its body leaves an impression in mud. Over time, the mud hardens into rock, and the impression becomes a fossil. Which kind of fossil was formed? A) cast B) mold C) original material D) trace fossilarrow_forwardHow does radiometric dating work?arrow_forwardA scientist has a fossil that was found in a layer of rock close to Earth’s surface. He believes that the fossil is around 12,000 years old. Which method would best allow the scientist to confirm the actual age of the fossil? finding another fossil in a deeper layer of rock finding another fossil in the same layer of rock using carbon/nitrogen absolute dating using potassium/argon absolute datingarrow_forward
- Radiometric dating does not measure the age of an individual atom. It is a measure of the age of a quantity of atoms—a statistic. As with any statistical measure, its values may deviate around an average (sampling error, Section 1.8). Imagine that one sample of rock is dated ten different ways. Nine of the tests yield an age close to 225,000 years. One test yields an age of 3.2 million years. Do the nine consistent results imply that the one that deviates is incorrect, or does the one odd result invalidate the nine that are consistent?arrow_forwardWhich of the following is NOT true for relative dating methods: A. Relies on observational skills B. Includes stratigraphy which is based on ordered layers that build up over time C. Determines if one artifact or fossil is older than another D. Gives you specific dates of the artifact or fossilarrow_forwardRadiometric decay of carbon-14 would be used in dating sedimentary rock. a trace fossil. an insect in amber. a fossil imprint. igneous rock.arrow_forward
- The most useful method for dating ancient calcium rich cave deposits would be Group of answer choices A: Argon-Argon Dating B: Paleomagnetic Reversals C: Electron Spin Resonance Dating D: Uranium-Thorium Dating E: Potassium-Argon Datingarrow_forwardA paleontologist estimates that when a particular rock formed, it contained 12 mg of the radioactive isotope potassium-40. The rock now contains 3 mg of potassium-40. The half-life of potassium-40 is 1.3 billion years. From this information, you can conclude that the rock is approximately ______________ billion years old.arrow_forwardRadiometric dating measures the decay of radioactive isotopes present in layers where fossils are found. True Falsearrow_forward
- Why is it so important to learn about the Piltdown Hoax? Do you think it demonstrates that scientists may lose their objectivity when they want data to fulfill their expectations and desires or does it demonstrate the self-corrective nature of science? Why were people so willing to believethat one of the oldest specimens was found in south England?arrow_forwardIn radiometric dating, scientists use the half-life of a radioactive isotope, to determine the approximate age of rocks, and the fossils that are embedded in them. Half-life is the time it takes for half of a radioactive element to become stable.Uranium 238 (238U) is a radioactive element that decays into Lead (206Pb) after 4.5 billion years. 6) Scientists found a fossil in a layer of rock that tested as 1/8th U and 7/8th Pb. What is the approximate age of the fossil? A) 562 million years old B) 4.5 billion years old C) 9 billion years old D) 13.5 billion years old Not Gradedarrow_forwardWhat assumption is made during the relative dating of fossils?arrow_forward
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Fossil: The Language & History of Paleontology; Author: Alliterative;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x9yNwRBlKtU;License: Standard youtube license