Interpretation:
The structural formulas for all the isomers of molecular formula
Concept Introduction:
The systematic naming of organic compound is given by
The
The conversion of organic compounds into nitroso derivative is known as nitrosation. In nitrosation, compound contains
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- (c) Arrange the following compounds in order of increasing acidity, and explain the reasons for your choice of order: phenol, cyclohexanol, 2-fluorocyclohexanol, 2-fluorophenol.arrow_forwardGive reasons for the following :(i) Phenol is more acidic than methanol.(ii) The C—O—H bond angle in alcohols is slightly less than the tetrahedral angle (190°28′).(iii) (CH3)3C—O—CH3 on reaction with HI gives (CH3)3C—I and CH3—OH as the main products and not (CH3)3C—OH and CH3—I.arrow_forwardGive reasons: (i) Bond length of C = O in carboxylic acids is slightly larger than C = O bond length in carbonyl compounds. (ii) There are two –NH2 groups in semicarbazide. However, only one –NH2 group is involved in the formation of semicarbazones. (iii) Benzoic acid is less soluble in water than acetic acid. (iv) Formic acid is a stronger acid than acetic acid.arrow_forward
- (a) Account for the following :(i) Propanal is more reactive than propanone towards nucleophilic reagents.(ii) Electrophilic substitution in benzoic acid takes place at meta position.(iii) Carboxylic acids do not give characteristic reactions of carbonyl group.(b) Give simple chemical test to distinguish between the following pairs of compounds:(i) Acetophenone and benzaldehyde(ii) Benzoic acid and ethylbenzoate.arrow_forward(a) Draw the three isomers of benzenedicarboxylic acid.(b) The isomers have melting points of 210 °C, 343 °C, and 427 °C. Nitration of the isomers at all possible positions was once used to determine their structures. The isomer that melts at 210 °C gives two mononitro isomers. The isomer that melts at 343 °C gives three mononitro isomers. The isomer that melts at 427 °C gives only one mononitro isomer. Show which isomer has which melting point.arrow_forward(a) Although phenoxide ion has more number of resonating structures than carboxylate ion, carboxylic acid is a stronger acid than phenol. Give two reasons.(b) How will you bring about the following converstions?(i) Propanone to propane (ii) Benzoyl chloride to benzaldehyde(iii) Ethanal to but-2-enalarrow_forward
- Predict the major products formed when benzoyl chloride (PhCOCl) reacts with the following reagents.(a) ethanol (b) sodium acetate (c) anilinearrow_forward(a) Explain how NaBH, in CH;OH can reduce hemiacetal A to 1,4-butanediol (HOCH,CH,CH,CH,OH). (b) What product is formed when A is treated with Ph;P=CHCH,CH(CH),? (c) The drug isotretinoin is formed by reaction of X and Y. What is the structure of isotretinoin? Although isotretinoin (trade name Accutane or Roaccutane) is used for the treatment of severe acne, it is dispensed under strict controls because it also causes birth defects. PPha NaOCH,CH3 HO- isotretinoin HO A Br X Yarrow_forwardIn the mid-1930s a substance was isolated from a fungus that is a parasite of ryes and other grasses. This alkaloid, lysergic acid, has been of great interest to chemists because of its strange, dramatic action on the human mind. Many derivatives of lysergic acid are known, some with medicinal applications. Perhaps the best known derivative of lysergic acid is the potent hallucinogen lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD): మగవా జి N-H LSD (CH25N;O) Like other alkaloids, LSD is a weak base, with Kp = 7.6 × 107. What is the pH of a 0.94 M solution of LSD? pH =arrow_forward
- Which is the stronger acid in each of the following pairs? Explain your reasoning. (a) Phenol or p-hydroxybenzaldehyde (b) m-Cyanophenol or p-cyanophenol (c) o-Fluorophenol or p-fluorophenolarrow_forwardGiven that C6H11COOH has a pKa = 4.8 and C6H11N+H3 has a pKa = 10.7, (a) What pH would you make the water layer to cause the carboxylic acid to dissolve in the water layer and the amine to dissolve in the ether layer? (b) What pH would you make the water layer to cause the carboxylic acid to dissolve in the ether layer and the amine to dissolve in the water layer?arrow_forward(a) Draw the structure of the following :(i) p-Methylbenzaldehyde (ii) 4-Methylpent-3-en-2-one(b) Give chemical tests to distinguish between the following pairs of compounds :(i) Benzoic acid and Ethyl benzoate, (ii) Benzaldehyde and Acetophenone.(iii) Phenol and Benzoic acid.arrow_forward
- Organic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305580350Author:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. FootePublisher:Cengage LearningIntroduction to General, Organic and BiochemistryChemistryISBN:9781285869759Author:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar TorresPublisher:Cengage Learning