Concept explainers
Indicate whether each of the following statements concerning
- a. All cells in higher organisms contain both DNA and RNA.
- b. Structurally, DNA, but not RNA, is an unbranched
polymer . - c. Involvement with protein synthesis is the primary function for RNA.
- d. DNA is found primarily in a cells nucleus.
(a)
Interpretation: The validation of the given statement concerning nucleic acids has to be predicted.
Concept introduction: Nucleic acids are the polymers of nucleotides. Nucleic acids are of two types- deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid. Deoxyribonucleic acid transfers the genetic information and ribonucleic acids synthesize proteins.
Answer to Problem 22.1EP
The given statement that “All cells in higher organisms contain both DNA and RNA” is true.
Explanation of Solution
Proteins are the building blocks in higher organisms. RNA is necessary for the synthesis of proteins and DNA stores the genetic information. Therefore, all cells in higher organisms contain both DNA and RNA.
(b)
Interpretation: The validation of the given statement concerning nucleic acids has to be predicted.
Concept introduction: Nucleic acids are the polymers of nucleotides. Nucleic acids are of two types- deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid. Deoxyribonucleic acid transfers the genetic information and ribonucleic acids synthesize proteins.
Answer to Problem 22.1EP
The statement that, “Structurally, DNA but not RNA, is an unbranched polymer” is false.
Explanation of Solution
DNA and RNA, both are similar in structure. DNA and RNA are the polymers of nucleotides. A nucleotide consists of a phosphate group, a sugar and a base. This structure gives the DNA and RNA molecule a branched shape. Therefore, DNA and RNA both are unbranched polymers.
(c)
Interpretation: The validation of the given statement concerning nucleic acids has to be predicted.
Concept introduction: Nucleic acids are the polymers of nucleotides. Nucleic acids are of two types- deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid. Deoxyribonucleic acid transfers the genetic information and ribonucleic acids synthesize proteins.
Answer to Problem 22.1EP
The statement that, “Involvement with protein synthesis is the primary function for RNA” is true.
Explanation of Solution
RNA is a polymer of nucleotide. The major function of RNA is the synthesis of protein.
(d)
Interpretation: The validation of the given statement concerning nucleic acids has to be predicted.
Concept introduction: Nucleic acids are the polymers of nucleotides. Nucleic acids are of two types- deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid. Deoxyribonucleic acid transfers the genetic information and ribonucleic acids synthesize proteins.
Answer to Problem 22.1EP
The statement that, “DNA is found primarily in a cell’s nucleus.” is true.
Explanation of Solution
DNA is a polymer of nucleic acid. DNA transfers the genetic information. DNA is located in the nucleus of a cell.
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Chapter 22 Solutions
General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry
- Which category of macromolecule always contains lots of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, andsulfur, but does not contain any phosphorus (when first synthesized)?A. polynucleotides (like ribonucleic acid)B. carbohydrates (like glucose)C. proteins (like insulin)D. lipids (like triglycerides)E. polysaccharides (like glycogen)arrow_forwardCorrectly match each item below to the corresponding nucleic acid(s). 1. Contains Deoxyribose Sugar 2. Contains phosphate groups 3. May contain Uracil 4. Found in the cell nucleus 5. Contains phosphodiester bonds 6. Only contains purines A. DNA B. RNA C. BOTH DNA & RNA D. NEITHER DNA or RNAarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about amino acids is true? A. Twenty two amino acids are commonly found in proteins. B. Amino acids are often linked together to form branched polymers. C. All amino acids contain an NH2 and a COOH group. D. Most of the amino acids used in protein biosynthesis have charged side chains.arrow_forward
- Define the following terms: a. holoprotein b. heat shock protein c. protein family d. protein superfamily e. moonlighting proteinarrow_forwardFrom the following list of statements, select which characteristics distinguish RNA from DNA. Check all that apply. A. RNA is always double stranded. B. RNA is usually single stranded. C. RNA contains uracil instead of thymine.arrow_forward_______ link together amino acid monomers in proteins. A. Peptide bonds B. Nucleic acid bonds C. Liquid bonds D. Carbohydrate bondsarrow_forward
- Identify the biomolecules being described. (Proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, lipids). C. This is formed when two sugars are joined. D. it is a biomolecule that has three rings with six carbon atoms and one ring with 5 carbon atoms. E. This is made up of nucleotides.arrow_forwardWhich of the following play an important role in synthesis of DNA/RNA: a.B-12 b.Folic acid c.Sodium d.a, barrow_forwardWhich of the following is NOT one of the four nucleic acids? A. Deoxyine B. Guanine C. Cytosine D. Adeninearrow_forward
- DNA ultimately contains the instructions for the assembly of:a. proteinsb. polysaccharidesc. triglyceridesd. nucleotidesarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is true about Chitin ? a. short, branching chains of nitrogen-containing sugar monomers are linked by hydrogen bonds b. found in the nucleus of fungi and inner skeletons of insects, spiders, and shrimp c. weak, translucent, and stiff structural material d. polysaccharide similar to cellulosearrow_forwardRoughly how many amino acids are there in one turn of an alpha helix? Select one: A. 2.8 B. 4.2 C. 3.6 D. 1arrow_forward
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