1 Chemical Tools Experimentation And Measurement 2 Atoms, Molecules, And Ions 3 Mass Relationships In Chemical Reactions 4 Reactions In Aqueous Solution 5 Periodicity And The Electronic Structure Of Atoms 6 Ionic Compounds Periodic Trends And Bonding Theory 7 Covalent Bonding And Electron-dot Structures 8 Covalent Compounds Bonding Theories And Molecular Structure 9 Thermochemistry Chemical Energy 10 Gases Their Properties And Behavior 11 Liquids And Phase Changes 12 Solids And Solid-state Materials 13 Solutions And Their Properties 14 Chemical Kinetics 15 Chemical Equilibrium 16 Aqueous Equilibria: Acids And Bases 17 Applications Of Aqueous Equilibria 18 Thermodynamics: Entropy, Free Energy, And Spontaneity 19 Electrochemistry 20 Nuclear Chemistry 21 Transition Elements And Coordination Chemistry 22 The Main-group Elements 23 Organic And Biological Chemistry expand_more
Chapter Questions expand_more
Problem 22.1P: Which element has more nonmetallic character:Cl or Sb? Problem 22.2A Problem 22.3P Problem 22.4A Problem 22.5P Problem 22.6A: Look at the location of elements A, B, C, and Din the following periodic table: (a) Write the... Problem 22.7P: What are the formula and charge of the silicate anion shown? Problem 22.8A: Suggest a plausible structure for the silicate anion in the mineral, wollastonite, Ca3Si3O9 . Use a... Problem 22.9P Problem 22.10A: Write balanced net ionic equations for the following reactions: (a) Dissolution of solid Li2O in... Problem 22.11P: Liquid hydrogen has been used as a fuel in theU.S. space program for many years. The space shuttle... Problem 22.12P: (a) Write balanced equations for the steam-hydrocarbon reforming process. (b) Why does the... Problem 22.13P: Write a balanced equation for the production of synthesis gas, a mixture of H2 and CO, from water... Problem 22.14P Problem 22.15P Problem 22.16P Problem 22.17P Problem 22.18CP: Locate each of the following groups of elements on the periodic table. (a) Main-group elements(b)... Problem 22.19CP Problem 22.20CP Problem 22.21CP Problem 22.22CP Problem 22.23CP Problem 22.24CP Problem 22.25CP Problem 22.26CP Problem 22.27CP Problem 22.28CP Problem 22.29CP: Consider the six second- and third-row elements in groups 4A6A of the periodic table Possible... Problem 22.30CP Problem 22.31CP Problem 22.32SP: Which element in each of the following pairs has the higherionization energy? (a) AsorCl(b) MgorBa Problem 22.33SP: Arrange the following elements in order of increasing ionization energy. (a) N(b) Ca(c) Rb(d) Se Problem 22.34SP Problem 22.35SP: Arrange the following elements in order of increasing atomicradius. (a) Rb(b) F(c) Sb(d) S Problem 22.36SP Problem 22.37SP: Arrange the following elements in order of increasing electro negativity. (a) Sr(b) Cl(c) Sn(d) Ge Problem 22.38SP: Which element in each of the following pairs has more metallic character? (a) Bi or As(b) GeorSi Problem 22.39SP: Which element in each of the following pairs has more non-metallic character? (a) Se or Te(b) Br or... Problem 22.40SP Problem 22.41SP Problem 22.42SP Problem 22.43SP Problem 22.44SP: Consider the elements C, Se, B, Sn, and Cl. Identify which of these elements: (a) Has the largest... Problem 22.45SP Problem 22.46SP: BF3 reacts with F to give BF4 , but AlF3 reacts with F togive AlF63 . Explain. Problem 22.47SP: GeCl4 reacts with Cl to give GeCl62 , but CCl4 does notreact with excess Cl . Explain. Problem 22.48SP: At ordinary temperatures, sulfur exists as S8 but oxygenexists as O2 . Explain. Problem 22.49SP: Carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen form bonds, but fluorinedoes not. Explain. Problem 22.50SP Problem 22.51SP: Consider the elements Mn, Al, C, S, and Si. Which element forms the strongest bonds? Problem 22.52SP Problem 22.53SP Problem 22.54SP Problem 22.55SP: The hydrogen-filled dirigible Hindenburg had a volume of 1.99108L . If the hydrogen used was... Problem 22.56SP: Write the chemical formula of a compound that containshydrogen and each of the following elements.... Problem 22.57SP Problem 22.58SP Problem 22.59SP Problem 22.60SP Problem 22.61SP Problem 22.62SP Problem 22.63SP: Describe the molecular geometry of: (a) GeH4(b) H2S(c) NH3 Problem 22.64SP Problem 22.65SP: Explain why the hydrogen atoms in interstitial hydrides are mobile. Problem 22.66SP: Write a balanced net ionic equation for the reaction of eachof the following hydrides with water.... Problem 22.67SP: Write a balanced net ionic equation for the reaction of each of the following hydrides with water.... Problem 22.68SP: Look at the properties of the alkali metals summarized inTable 22.2, and predict reasonable values... Problem 22.69SP: Why does chemical reactivity increase from top to bottom in groups 1A and 2A? Problem 22.70SP Problem 22.71SP Problem 22.72SP Problem 22.73SP Problem 22.74SP Problem 22.75SP Problem 22.76SP: Magnesium metal is produced by electrolysis of molten magnesium chloride using inert electrodes.... Problem 22.77SP: How many hours are required to produce 10.0 kg of magnesium by electrolysis of molten MgCl2 with a... Problem 22.78SP: Assign charges to the oxygen-containing anions in the following compounds: (a) Na2O(b) K2O2 Problem 22.79SP: Assign charges to the oxygen-containing anions in the following compounds: (a) CsO2(b) BaO2 Problem 22.80SP Problem 22.81SP Problem 22.82SP Problem 22.83SP: What is the oxidation state of the group 3A element in each of the following compounds? (a) NaBF4(b)... Problem 22.84SP Problem 22.85SP Problem 22.86SP Problem 22.87SP Problem 22.88SP Problem 22.89SP Problem 22.90SP Problem 22.91SP Problem 22.92SP: Draw the electron-dot structure for CO, CO2 , and CO32 ,and predict which substance will have the... Problem 22.93SP: What is the hybridization and geometry around carbon atoms in graphene? Explain why graphene is an... Problem 22.94SP: Which of the group 4A elements have allot ropes with the diamond structure? Which have metallic... Problem 22.95SP Problem 22.96SP Problem 22.97SP Problem 22.98SP Problem 22.99SP Problem 22.100SP Problem 22.101SP: Suggest a plausible structure for the silicate anion in the mineral thortveitite, Sc2Si2O7 . Problem 22.102SP: Carbon is an essential element in the molecules on which life is based. Would silicon be equally... Problem 22.103SP Problem 22.104SP Problem 22.105SP Problem 22.106SP Problem 22.107SP Problem 22.108SP: Draw an electron-dot structure for N2 , and explain why this molecule is so unreactive. Problem 22.109SP: Describe the structures of the white and red allotropes of phosphorus, and explain why white... Problem 22.110SP Problem 22.111SP Problem 22.112SP: Account for each of the following observations. (a) Nitric acid is a strong oxidizing agent, hut... Problem 22.113SP: Compare and contrast the properties of ammonia and phosphine. Problem 22.114SP: Draw all the possible resonance structure for N2O and assign formal charges. Which resonance... Problem 22.115SP: Could the strain in the P4 molecule be reduced by using sp3 hybrid orbitals in bonding instead of... Problem 22.116SP Problem 22.117SP Problem 22.118SP: In industry O2 is prepared by fractional distillation of liquefied air. The main components of air... Problem 22.119SP Problem 22.120SP Problem 22.121SP Problem 22.122SP Problem 22.123SP Problem 22.124SP Problem 22.125SP Problem 22.126SP Problem 22.127SP Problem 22.128SP: Which is more acidic? (a) Cr2O3orCrO3 (b) N2O5orN2O3 (c) SO2orSO3 Problem 22.129SP Problem 22.130SP: Write a balanced net ionic equation for the reaction of each of the following oxides with water. (a)... Problem 22.131SP: Write a balanced net ionic equation for the reaction of each of the following oxides with water. (a)... Problem 22.132SP Problem 22.133SP: Write a balanced net ionic equation for the reaction of the amphoteric oxide Ga2O3 with: (a) Aqueous... Problem 22.134SP: Describe the structure of the sulfur molecules in: (a) Rhombic sulfur (b) Monoclinic sulfur (c)... Problem 22.135SP: The viscosity of liquid sulfur increases sharply at about160 °C and then decreases again above 200... Problem 22.136SP Problem 22.137SP: Write a balanced net ionic equation for each of the following reactions. (a) Zn(s)+HCl(aq)? (b)... Problem 22.138SP Problem 22.139SP Problem 22.140SP: Write electron-dot structures for each of the followingmolecules, and use VSEPR theory to predict... Problem 22.141SP: (a) Why is the SO3 molecule trigonal planar hut the SO32 ion is trigonal pyramidal? (b) Why is the... Problem 22.142SP Problem 22.143SP Problem 22.144SP: Little is known about the chemistry of astatine (At) from direct observation, hut reasonable... Problem 22.145SP Problem 22.146SP Problem 22.147SP Problem 22.148SP Problem 22.149SP Problem 22.150SP Problem 22.151SP Problem 22.152SP Problem 22.153SP Problem 22.154SP Problem 22.155SP Problem 22.156SP Problem 22.157SP Problem 22.158SP Problem 22.159SP Problem 22.160MP Problem 22.161MP Problem 22.162MP Problem 22.163MP Problem 22.164MP Problem 22.165MP Problem 22.166MP Problem 22.167MP format_list_bulleted