Brock Biology of Microorganisms (15th Edition)
15th Edition
ISBN: 9780134261928
Author: Michael T. Madigan, Kelly S. Bender, Daniel H. Buckley, W. Matthew Sattley, David A. Stahl
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 21.3, Problem 1CR
The principal form of nitrogen on Earth is N2, which can be used as a N source only by nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Ammonia produced by nitrogen fixation or by ammonification can be assimilated into organic matter or oxidized to
Q Compare and contrast the processes of nitrification and denitrification in terms of the organisms involved, the environmental conditions that favor each process, and the changes in nutrient availability that accompany each process.
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Refer to Fig. 5.5. and redraw the important transformations of fixed nitrogen in ecosystems. Note the following processes: biological N fixation, non-biological N-fixation, ammonification, nitrification, denitrification.
Reference:
https://ecampusontario.pressbooks.pub/environmentalscience/chapter/chapter-5-flows-and-cycles-of-nutrients/
Chapter 21 Solutions
Brock Biology of Microorganisms (15th Edition)
Ch. 21.1 - How is new organic matter made in nature?Ch. 21.1 - In what ways are oxygenic photosynthesis and...Ch. 21.1 - What is a methane hydrate?Ch. 21.1 - The oxygen and carbon cycles are interconnected...Ch. 21.2 - Why does Syntrophomonas need a partner organism in...Ch. 21.2 - Prob. 2MQCh. 21.2 - What is the final product of acetogenesis?Ch. 21.2 - Prob. 1CRCh. 21.3 - What is nitrogen fixation and why is it important...Ch. 21.3 - Prob. 2MQ
Ch. 21.3 - How does the compound nitrapyrin benefit both...Ch. 21.3 - The principal form of nitrogen on Earth is N2,...Ch. 21.4 - Is H2S a substrate or a product of the...Ch. 21.4 - Prob. 2MQCh. 21.4 - Prob. 3MQCh. 21.4 - Bacteria play major roles in both the oxidative...Ch. 21.5 - In what oxidation state is Fe in Fe(OH)3? In FeS?...Ch. 21.5 - Prob. 2MQCh. 21.5 - Why is excreted organic matter important to many...Ch. 21.5 - Prob. 1CRCh. 21.6 - How does the formation of CaCO3 skeletons by...Ch. 21.6 - Prob. 2MQCh. 21.6 - Prob. 1CRCh. 21.7 - What forms of mercury are most toxic to organisms?Ch. 21.7 - Prob. 2MQCh. 21.7 - Prob. 3MQCh. 21.7 - Prob. 1CRCh. 21.8 - What is the greenhouse effect and what causes it?Ch. 21.8 - What is the fate of most nitrogen used in...Ch. 21.8 - Why are the OMZs expanding and what are the likely...Ch. 21.8 - Prob. 1CRCh. 21 - Compare and contrast the carbon, sulfur, and...Ch. 21 - 14C-labeled cellulose is added to a vial...Ch. 21 - Prob. 3AQ
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Figure 46.17 Which of the following statements about the nitrogen cycle is false? Ammonification converts organic nitrogenous matter from living organisms into ammonium (NH4+). Denitrification by bacteria converts nitrates (NO3-) to nitrogen gas (N2). Nitrification by bacteria converts nitrates (NO3 ) to nitrites (NO2-). Nitrogen fixing bacteria convert nitrogen gas (N2) into organic compounds.arrow_forwardFigure 22.19 Which of the following statements about the nitrogen cycle is false? Nitrogen fixing bacteria exist on the root nodules of legumes and in the soil. Denitrifying bacteria convert nitrates (NO3 ) into nitrogen gas (N2). Ammonification is the process by which ammonium ion (NH4+) is released from decomposing organic compounds. Nitrification is the process by which nitrites (NO2-) are converted to ammonium ion (NH4+).arrow_forwardMatter is continually recycled between abiotic and biotic components of Earth's ecosystem in biogeochemical cycles. the various cycles differ from one another in several key aspects of their storage, conversion and modes of transport. A. Describe the critical processes by which nitrogen is cycled through the biotic and abiotic components of earth’s atmosphere and identify the primary storage sink for nitrogenarrow_forward
- a.Briefly describe the roles of Rhizobium, Nitrosomonas, Nitrobacter and Pseudomonasbacteria in the nitrogen cycle (about 200 words). b. Provide one example for each of the following from the sulfur cycle: a biotic flux a natural abiotic flux an anthropogenic flux..arrow_forwardof biologically available nitrogen? What inorganic nitrogen pool is composed of N2 and in the ultimate source (one word)arrow_forwardNitrogen is often the limiting nutrient (that is, the nutrient in shortest supply relative to demand) across a wide range of ecosystems. This is because: a. nitrogen compounds like ammonia are rapidly stored in rocks and sediments. O b. most nitrogen is in the form of N2, which only specialized bacteria can fix into accessible forms. О с. there is very little nitrogen on Earth, compared with other nutrients. O d. decomposers don't return nitrogen to a usable form.arrow_forward
- In the nitrogen cycle the Assimilation process is a metabolic reaction: anabolic, catabolic, endergonic, exergonic, heterotrophic or autotrophic.arrow_forwardThe majority of the nitrogen on earth can be found in which of the following reservoirsarrow_forwardIf earth is filled in di-nitrogen gas, why is the productivity of so many ecosystems limited b availability of nitrogenarrow_forward
- Which of the following statement is INCORRECT?A. Bacteria can decompose organic nitrogen.B. Biological nitrogen fixation is carried out by bacteria.C. Ammonia, ammonium ion and nitrate ion are examples of biological availablenitrogen.D. Denitrifying bacteria converts atmospheric dinitrogen gas into nitrate ion.E. Nitrification is the process of converting reactive nitrogen into another form ofreactive nitrogen.arrow_forwardBiological Oxygen Demand (BOD) is a measure of? How much oxygen needed is needed for growth of aerobic bacteria The extent to which rivers or lakes are polluted with inorganic industrial waste compounds How much oxygen is needed for survival of aerobic bacteria The extent to which rivers or lakes are polluted with organic waste compoundsarrow_forwardDescribe the process of nitrogen fixation and explain its ecologicimportancearrow_forward
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