Essentials of Genetics (9th Edition) - Standalone book
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780134047799
Author: William S. Klug, Michael R. Cummings, Charlotte A. Spencer, Michael A. Palladino
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 21, Problem 8PDQ
In the following table, average differences of height, weight, and fingerprint ridge count between monozygotic twins (reared together and apart), dizygotic twins, and nontwin siblings are compared:
| Trait | MZ Reared Together |
MZ Reared Apart |
DZ Reared Together |
Sibs Reared Together |
| Height (cm) | 1.7 | 1.8 | 4.4 | 4.5 |
| Weight (kg) | 1.9 | 4.5 | 4.5 | 4.7 |
| Ridge count | 0.7 | 0.6 | 2.4 | 2.7 |
Based on the data in this table, which of these quantitative traits has the highest heritability values?
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The following table gives the percentage of twin pairs studied in which bothtwins expressed the same phenotype for a trait (concordance). Percentages listedare for concordance for each trait in monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twins.Assuming that both twins in each pair were raised together in the sameenvironment, what do you conclude about the relative importance of genetic (H)versus environmental (E) factors for each trait?Traits MZ, % DZ, % H EBlood types 100 66Eye color 99 28Measles 95 87Diabetes 65 18Mental retardation 97 37
The following table gives the percentage of twinpairs studied in which both twins expressed the same phenotypefor a trait (concordance). Percentages listed arefor concordance for each trait in monozygotic (MZ) anddizygotic (DZ) twins. Assuming that both twins in eachpair were raised together in the same environment, whatdo you conclude about the relative importance of geneticversus environmental factors for each trait?
*You are looking at the heritability of litter size at weaning in pigs (17%)
*The herd average for this trait is 10 piglets per litter at weaning
*When looking at an individual Sow, she has 12 piglets per litter at weaning
Calculate the following:
-What is the Estimated Breeding Value of the Sow
-Determine the Sows Expected Progeny Difference
***Make sure to enter your answers using numbers & use decimals when necessary***
The EBV of the sow is ______________________more pigs per litter then the herd average.
Therefore, the sows progeny can be expected to have ______________more pigs per litter then the herd average.
Chapter 21 Solutions
Essentials of Genetics (9th Edition) - Standalone book
Ch. 21 -
CASE STUDY | A genetic flip of the coin
On July...Ch. 21 - CASE STUDY|A genetic flip of the coin On July 11,...Ch. 21 -
CASE STUDY|A genetic flip of the coin
On July...Ch. 21 - HOW DO WE KNOW?
1. In this chapter, we focused on...Ch. 21 - Review the Chapter Concepts list on page 422....Ch. 21 -
3. Define the following: (a) polygenic, (b)...Ch. 21 - A dark-red strain and a white strain of wheat are...Ch. 21 - Height in humans depends on the additive action of...Ch. 21 -
6. An inbred strain of plants has a mean height...Ch. 21 - Prob. 7PDQ
Ch. 21 - In the following table, average differences of...Ch. 21 - What kind of heritability estimates (broad sense...Ch. 21 - List as many human traits as you can that are...Ch. 21 - Corn plants from a test plot are measured, and the...Ch. 21 -
12. The following variances were calculated for...Ch. 21 - The mean and variance of plant height of two...Ch. 21 - A hypothetical study investigated the vitamin A...Ch. 21 - In a herd of dairy cows the narrow-sense...Ch. 21 - In an assessment of learning in Drosophila, flies...Ch. 21 - Suppose you want to develop a population of...Ch. 21 -
18. In a population of tomato plants, mean fruit...Ch. 21 - In a population of 100 inbred, genotypically...Ch. 21 - In a cross between a strain of large guinea pigs...Ch. 21 - While most quantitative traits display continuous...
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- Using the two Hardy-Weinberg equations, calculate the allelic and genotypic frequencies. Tongue rollers [R_-]= 840, Non rollers [rr] = 160, Total = 1000 1. What are the phenotypic frequencies for tongue rollers? 0.84 2. What are the phenotypic frequencies for non-tongue rollers? 0.16 3. What is the allelic frequency for r? 0.4 4. What is the allelic frequency for R? 0.6 5. What is the homozygous dominant frequency? 6. What is the heterozygous frequency? 7. What is the homozygous recessive frequency?arrow_forwardxplorelearning.com/index.cfm?method%3DcResource.dspView&ResourcelD=449&ClassID=3856718 2. Two black-fur mice are bred, and have the litter shown below. What is the most likely explanation for the presence of the white-fur offspring? A. One of the parents is heterozygous. B. Both of the parents are heterozygous. C. A mutation occurred. D. The parents fur color has no influence on the offspring fur color.arrow_forwardIf the relative fitness of the A1A1 genotype is 0.6, A1A2 is 1.0 and A2A2 is 0.9, eventually the frequency of the A2allele will be?arrow_forward
- Assume that the concordance value for a particular trait is 85% for both monozygotic and dizygotic twins. What can be concluded about this trait? ○ It is caused by environmental factors in dizygotic twins but by genetic factors in monozygotic twins. It is likely caused almost exclusively by genetic factors. It is caused by both genetic factors and environmental factors. It is likely caused almost exclusively by environmental factors. It is caused by genetic factors in dizygotic twins but by environmental factors in monozygotic twins. Incorrectarrow_forwardWhy is the narrow-sense heritability more useful to plant and animal breeders than broad sense heritability?arrow_forwardA gardener grows two different colors of apples under exactly the same environmental conditions. Red apples have a heritability of 0.14 for the value of apple weight, and green apples have a heritability of 0.41 for the value of apple weight. The gardener plotted the number of apples present at each weight. Which graph would you hypothesize represents the red apples? Number of apples Weight GRAPH A Number of apples Weight GRAPH B O Graph A O Graph B There is not enough information to make a hypothesis.arrow_forward
- Cystic fibrosis is a homozygous recessive condition that affects 1 in 10,000 of the Hispanic populationin the United States. Calculate the frequency of the dominant allele, the frequency of the recessiveallele, and the percentage of heterozygous individuals (carriers) in the Hispanic population.Frequency of thedominant alleleFrequency of therecessive allele% homozygous dominant% homozygous recessive% heterozygousarrow_forwardI need help deteriming which are analogous or secondary lost traits based on the given chart?arrow_forwardThe following table gives the percentage of twin pairs studied in which both twins expressed the same phenotype for a trait (concordance). Percentages listed are for concordance for each trait in monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twins. Assuming that both twins in each pair were raised together in the same environment, what do you conclude about the relative importance of genetic (H) versus environmental (E) factors for each trait? Trait MZ % DZ % Blood types 100 66Eye color 99 28 Measles 95 87 Diabetes 65 18Mental retardation 97 37arrow_forward
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