Chemistry
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780078021527
Author: Julia Burdge
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 21, Problem 63AP
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The statement “the concentration of OH is less than that of
Concept Introduction:
The troposphere is the layer of the atmosphere that is closest to the earth’s surface. The troposphere is the thinnest layer of the earth’s atmosphere. It includes about 80% of the total mass of the air and all the water vapor of the atmosphere.
The agent that gainsan electron and is itself reduced in the given reaction isknown as an oxidizing agent.
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Chapter 21 Solutions
Chemistry
Ch. 21.1 - Practice Problem ATTEMPT Calculate the wavelength...Ch. 21.1 - Practice Problem BUILD Which of the following...Ch. 21.1 - Prob. 1PPCCh. 21.1 - Prob. 1CPCh. 21.1 - Prob. 2CPCh. 21.2 - Practice Problem ATTEMPT which of the following is...Ch. 21.2 - Practice Problem BUILD Both O 2 and O 3 exhibit...Ch. 21.2 - Prob. 1PPCCh. 21.2 - 21.2.1 What maximum wavelength (in nm) of fight is...Ch. 21.2 - What process gives rise to the aurora borealis and...
Ch. 21.3 - Prob. 1PPACh. 21.3 - Practice Problem BUILD How long will it take for...Ch. 21.3 - Prob. 1PPCCh. 21.8 - Prob. 1CPCh. 21.8 - Prob. 2CPCh. 21 - Prob. 1QPCh. 21 - Prob. 2QPCh. 21 - Prob. 3QPCh. 21 - Prob. 4QPCh. 21 - Referring to Table 21.1, calculate the mole...Ch. 21 - Prob. 6QPCh. 21 - Prob. 7QPCh. 21 - Calculate the mass (in kg) of nitrogen, oxygen,...Ch. 21 - 21.9 What process gives rise to the aurora...Ch. 21 - Prob. 10QPCh. 21 - The highly reactive OH radical (a species with an...Ch. 21 - The green color observed in the aurora borealis is...Ch. 21 - Prob. 13QPCh. 21 - Prob. 14QPCh. 21 - Prob. 15QPCh. 21 - Prob. 16QPCh. 21 - What causes the polar ozone holes?Ch. 21 - How do volcanic eruptions contribute to ozone...Ch. 21 - Prob. 19QPCh. 21 - Discuss the effectiveness of some of the CFC...Ch. 21 - Prob. 21QPCh. 21 - Prob. 22QPCh. 21 - Prob. 23QPCh. 21 - Prob. 24QPCh. 21 - Prob. 25QPCh. 21 - Prob. 26QPCh. 21 - Prob. 27QPCh. 21 - Prob. 28QPCh. 21 - Prob. 29QPCh. 21 - Prob. 30QPCh. 21 - Prob. 31QPCh. 21 - Prob. 32QPCh. 21 - Describe three human activities that generate...Ch. 21 - Prob. 34QPCh. 21 - Prob. 35QPCh. 21 - Prob. 36QPCh. 21 - What effects do CFCs and their substitutes have on...Ch. 21 - Why are CFCs more effective greenhouse gases than...Ch. 21 - Prob. 39QPCh. 21 - Calcium oxide or quicklime ( CaO ) is used in...Ch. 21 - Prob. 41QPCh. 21 - 21.42 List three detrimental effects of acid...Ch. 21 - 21.43 Briefly discuss two industrial processes...Ch. 21 - Discuss ways to curb acid rain.Ch. 21 - Prob. 45QPCh. 21 - Prob. 46QPCh. 21 - Prob. 47QPCh. 21 - Identify the gas that is responsible for the brown...Ch. 21 - 21.49 The safety limits of ozone and carbon...Ch. 21 - Prob. 50QPCh. 21 - Prob. 51QPCh. 21 - 21.52 The gas-phase decomposition of peroxyacetyl...Ch. 21 - 21.53 On a smoggy day in a certain city. the ozone...Ch. 21 - Prob. 54QPCh. 21 - What is the best way to deal with indoor...Ch. 21 - Why is it dangerous to idle a car's engine in a...Ch. 21 - Prob. 57QPCh. 21 - Prob. 58QPCh. 21 - Prob. 59QPCh. 21 - Prob. 60APCh. 21 - Prob. 61APCh. 21 - Prob. 62APCh. 21 - Prob. 63APCh. 21 - Prob. 64APCh. 21 - 21.65 How are past temperatures determined from...Ch. 21 - The balance between SO 2 and SO 3 is important in...Ch. 21 - Prob. 67APCh. 21 - 21.68 A glass of water initially at pH 7.0 is...Ch. 21 - Prob. 69APCh. 21 - 21.70 Instead of monitoring carbon dioxide,...Ch. 21 - Describe the removal of SO 2 by CaO (to form CaSO...Ch. 21 - 21.72 Which of the following settings is the most...Ch. 21 - Prob. 73APCh. 21 - Peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) undergoes thermal...Ch. 21 - Prob. 75APCh. 21 - Prob. 76APCh. 21 - 21.77 The carbon dioxide level in the atmosphere...Ch. 21 - Prob. 78APCh. 21 - Prob. 79APCh. 21 - 21.80 A person was found dead of carbon monoxide...Ch. 21 - Prob. 81APCh. 21 - Prob. 82APCh. 21 - The molar heat capacity of a diatomic molecule is...Ch. 21 - Prob. 84APCh. 21 - Prob. 85APCh. 21 - Prob. 86APCh. 21 - Prob. 1SEPPCh. 21 - Prob. 2SEPPCh. 21 - Prob. 3SEPPCh. 21 - Prob. 4SEPP
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- Why are CHF2Cl and CH2ClCF3 important for stratospheric ozone depletion? pls consider its lifetime.arrow_forwardDefine the term troposphere?arrow_forwardOzone formation in the troposphere involves the following steps: (1) NO₂(e) → NO(g) + O(g) (2) 0(e) + 0₂(g) → 0, (e) The first step is initiated by the absorption of visible light. Calculate the longest wavelength required for step 1 at 25.0 "C. Round your answer to 4 significant digits. Note: Reference the Fundamental constants and Thermodynamic properties of pure substances tables for additional Information. λ= nm O Darrow_forward
- O3 is produced in the troposphere through the photochemical oxidation of NO2. The photolytically formed O3 reacts with NO to regenerate NO2through the following reaction:O3(g) + NO(g) → NO2(g) + O2(g) Calculate the equilibrium constant (K) of the reaction at 100 °C and 1 atm.arrow_forwardThe concentration of H2O in the stratosphere is about 5ppm. It undergoes photodissociation according to:H2O(g)----->H(g) + OH(g)(a) Write out the Lewis-dot structures for both products andreactant.(b) Using Table , calculate the wavelength required tocause this dissociation.(c) The hydroxyl radical, OH, can react with ozone, givingthe following reactions:OH (g) + O3(g)---->HO2(g) + O2(g)HO2(g) + O(g)----->OH(g)+ O2(g)What overall reaction results from these two elementary reactions?What is the catalyst in the overall reaction? Explain.arrow_forwardThe formation of ozone in the stratosphere begins with: Group of answer choices a UV photon dissociating a diatomic oxygen molecule a reaction between O2 and a CFC the formation of a VOC radicalarrow_forward
- Explain the different mechanisms by which ozone is formed in the troposphere as a pollutant and in the stratosphere as a protective shield.arrow_forward(a) When chlorine atoms react with atmospheric ozone,what are the products of the reaction? (b) Based on averagebond enthalpies, would you expect a photon capable ofdissociating a C—Cl bond to have sufficient energy to dissociatea C—Br bond? (c) Would you expect the substanceCFBr3 to accelerate depletion of the ozone layer?arrow_forwardExplain the relevance of the 1987 Montreal Protocol and its 2016 Kigali Amendment on regulating ozone depletion.arrow_forward
- O3 is produced in the troposphere through the photochemical oxidation of NO2. The photolytically formed O3 reacts with NO to regenerate NO2through the following reaction:O3(g) + NO(g) → NO2(g) + O2(g) Is this an endo- or exothermic reaction at 298.15 K and 1 atm? Please provide calculationsarrow_forwardReactions of the type OH + CF,Cl, –→HOF + CFCI2 are conceivable tropospheric sinks for CFCS. Can you deduce why they don't occur, given that C–F bonds are much stronger than 0–F bonds?arrow_forwardThe ultraviolet spectrum can be divided into three regions based on wavelength: UV-A (315–400 nm), UV-B (280–315 nm), and UV-C (100–280 nm) In the absence of ozone, which of these three regions, if any, are absorbed by the atmosphere?arrow_forward
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