Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Biochemistry
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781305960060
Author: Spencer L. Seager, Michael R. Slabaugh, Maren S. Hansen
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Textbook Question
Chapter 21, Problem 21.16E
What is a chromosome? How many chromosomes are in a human cell? What is the approximate number of genes in a human cell?
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A forensic scientist is trying to find out the number of adenine bases in the DNA sample that he obtained from a crime scene. What can he assume about the number of adenine? O The number of adenine bases will be equal to the number of guanine bases. O The number of adenine bases will be equal to the total of all the other bases. O The number of adenine bases will be equal to the number of thymine bases. O The number of adenine bases will be half of the number of cytosine bases.
Section 1
Genes code for proteins that determine the phenotypes of individuals. Individuals inherit genes from parents.
What is the relationship between genes and chromosomes?
O Chromosomes are independent of genes.
O Chromosomes are present inside genes.
O Genes are made up of chromosomes.
O Genes are present on chromosomes.
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Watson and Crick determined that the DNA molecule has two helical strands. Each strand is made up of , which consist of a base, a deoxyribose, and a phosphate group linked together. What word most correctly fills in the blank in the preceding statement?
A.amino acids
b.monosaccharides
c.fatty acids
d.nucleotides
Chapter 21 Solutions
Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Biochemistry
Ch. 21 - What is the principal location of DNA within the...Ch. 21 - Which pentose sugar is present in DNA? In RNA?Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.3ECh. 21 - Prob. 21.4ECh. 21 - Prob. 21.5ECh. 21 - Prob. 21.6ECh. 21 - Prob. 21.7ECh. 21 - Identify the 3 and 5 ends of the DNA segment...Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.9ECh. 21 - Prob. 21.10E
Ch. 21 - Describe the role of hydrogen bonding in the...Ch. 21 - How many total hydrogen bonds would exist between...Ch. 21 - How many total hydrogen bonds would exist between...Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.14ECh. 21 - A strand of DNA has the base sequence GATTCA....Ch. 21 - What is a chromosome? How many chromosomes are in...Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.17ECh. 21 - What is a replication fork?Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.19ECh. 21 - List the steps involved in DNA replication.Ch. 21 - What enzymes are involved in DNA replication?Ch. 21 - In what direction is a new DNA strand formed?Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.23ECh. 21 - Prob. 21.24ECh. 21 - Prob. 21.25ECh. 21 - How does the sugar-phosphate backbone of RNA...Ch. 21 - Compare the secondary structures of RNA and DNA.Ch. 21 - Briefly describe the characteristics and functions...Ch. 21 - Must the ratio of guanine to cytosine be 1:1 in...Ch. 21 - What are the two important regions of a tRNA...Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.31ECh. 21 - In the flow of genetic information, what is meant...Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.33ECh. 21 - Write the base sequence for the mRNA that would be...Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.35ECh. 21 - What is the relationship among exons, introns, and...Ch. 21 - What is a codon?Ch. 21 - For each of the following mRNA codons, give the...Ch. 21 - Describe the experiment that allowed researchers...Ch. 21 - Which of the following statements about the...Ch. 21 - The -chain of hemoglobin is a protein that...Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.42ECh. 21 - Prob. 21.43ECh. 21 - Prob. 21.44ECh. 21 - Prob. 21.45ECh. 21 - Prob. 21.46ECh. 21 - Prob. 21.47ECh. 21 - Prob. 21.48ECh. 21 - Prob. 21.49ECh. 21 - Prob. 21.50ECh. 21 - Prob. 21.51ECh. 21 - Prob. 21.52ECh. 21 - Prob. 21.53ECh. 21 - Prob. 21.54ECh. 21 - Prob. 21.55ECh. 21 - Prob. 21.56ECh. 21 - Prob. 21.57ECh. 21 - Prob. 21.58ECh. 21 - Prob. 21.59ECh. 21 - Genetic engineering shows great promise for the...Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.61ECh. 21 - Prob. 21.62ECh. 21 - Prob. 21.63ECh. 21 - Prob. 21.64ECh. 21 - Prob. 21.65ECh. 21 - Prob. 21.66ECh. 21 - How does the DNA content determine what reactions...Ch. 21 - What would be the ramifications if DNA were single...Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.69ECh. 21 - Prob. 21.70ECh. 21 - Explain the function and importance of each of the...Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.72ECh. 21 - Which base is found in DNA but not in RNA? a....Ch. 21 - Which of the following best describes tRNA? a. It...Ch. 21 - Which of the following is the site of protein...Ch. 21 - In messenger RNA, a codon contains how many...
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- a Describe the three components of a nucleotide. b How does the structure of an RNA nucleotide differ from that of a DNA nucleotide?arrow_forwardGenetic engineering shows great promise for the future but has been controversial at times. Discuss with some classmates the pros and cons of genetic engineering. List two benefits and two concerns that come from your discussion.arrow_forwardA segment of DNA has 18 base pairs. It has 7 cytosines in the segment.a. How many thymines are in the segment? b. How many guanines are in the segment?arrow_forward
- 7. The following compound is a(n) HyÑ-ÇHC-N-CHC-H-CHể-o || H3N-CHC-N-CHC-N-CHO-O СНCHЗ CHз ČH3 CH2 Он a. amino acid. b. dipeptide. c. tripeptide. d. polypeptide. e. protein.arrow_forwardWhat is the BEST definition of a genetic mutation? It is any damage to any DNA. It is a break in a DNA strand. It is any chemical change or physical change to DNA. It is a chemical change to a gene that affects the primary structure of a protein.arrow_forwardC—1s22s22p13s1—representsarrow_forward
- Is genetic engineering a pure scientific process or it is indeed on act of humans playing like God? Explain.arrow_forwardWhich molecules are the main molecules associated with energy? a. carbohydrates b. lipids c. nucleic acids d. proteinsarrow_forward3 amino acids joined together by two peptide bonds.a. Dipeptideb. Tripeptidec. Tetrapeptided. Polypeptide An amino acid that can form disulfide bondsa. Cysteineb. Methioninec. Cystined. Serinearrow_forward
- Antibodies in the human immune system can identify approximately 108 different molecules. Which one of the following is true?A. This diversity is generated from 108 different immunoglobin genes.B. Most of these antibodies recognize self-antigens.C. Most of these antibodies recognize proteins. D. Most of these antibodies recognize small organic molecules.E. There are really just a small number of antibodies, each of which can bind to many different antigens.The antibiotic penicillin is a small molecule that does not induce antibody formation. However, penicillin binds to serum proteins and forms a complex that in some people induces antibody formation resulting in an allergic reaction. Penicillin is thereforeA. an antigenB. a haptenC. an immunogenD. both an antigen and a haptenarrow_forwardA gene is a section of DNA that contains the instructions for making a. more DNA b. carbohydrates c. proteins d. lipidsarrow_forward5. Which nutrient group is used in the composition of waxes and responsible for insulation of some organisms? A. carbohydrates B. lipids C. snucleic acids D. proteins Which of the following groups are all classified as połysaccharide? A. sucrose, glucose and fructose B. głycogen, sucrose and maltose C. maltose, lactose and fructose D. glycogen, cellulose and starch Which of the following is considered as the building blocks of protein? A. amino acids B. nucleic acids The excessive consumption of carbohydrates is converted into which 8. C. nucleotides D. polypeptides 9. polysaccharide that is stored in the liver and in muscles? C. hemoglobin D. uric acid A. creatinine B. glycogen 10. Which of the following is a monosaccharide which is used in dextrose? A. fructose B. galactose Which of the following is the major function of carbohydrates? 1. structural framework 2. storage 3. energy production A. 1 only Which is termed as the blueprint of life? A. deoxyribonucleic acid B. fatty acid…arrow_forward
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