Physics of Everyday Phenomena
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781259894008
Author: W. Thomas Griffith, Juliet Brosing Professor
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 21, Problem 16CQ
To determine
Whether knowledge about small entities such as quarks are needed to explain the beginning of the universe and other large scale phenomena.
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Is it possible that some parts of the universe contain antimatter whose atoms have nuclei made of antiprotons and antineutrons, surrounded by positrons? How could we detect this condition without actually going there? Can we detect these antiatoms by identifying the light they emit as composed of antiphotons? Explain. What problems might arise if we actually did go there?
1. The tau lepton has a mass of ~2 GeV/c² and lives on average for 3x10-¹3s. If you try to measure
its mass (i.e. rest energy), what is the best precision that you can obtain?
The Z boson has a mass of ~90 GeV/c² and lives on average for 3x10-25 s. If you try to measure
its mass, what is the best precision that you can obtain?
Problem 3. Consider a flat, single component universe.
1. For a light source at redshift z that is observed at time to, show that z changes at a rate
dz
dto
=
= Ho(1 + 2) — Ho(1+2)³(¹+w)/2
(2.1)
2. For what values of w does the observed redshift increase with time?
3. Assuming the single component is matter and Ho = 68 km/s/Mpc, you observe a galaxy at z = 1. Using
Equation 2.1, determine how long you will have to keep observing the galaxy in order to see its redshift
change by 1 part in 106.
Chapter 21 Solutions
Physics of Everyday Phenomena
Ch. 21 - Prob. 1CQCh. 21 - Prob. 2CQCh. 21 - Prob. 3CQCh. 21 - Prob. 4CQCh. 21 - Prob. 5CQCh. 21 - Prob. 6CQCh. 21 - Prob. 7CQCh. 21 - How do we know that the universe is expanding?...Ch. 21 - Prob. 9CQCh. 21 - Prob. 10CQ
Ch. 21 - Prob. 11CQCh. 21 - Prob. 12CQCh. 21 - Describe two astronomical discoveries that provide...Ch. 21 - Prob. 14CQCh. 21 - Prob. 15CQCh. 21 - Prob. 16CQCh. 21 - Prob. 17CQCh. 21 - Prob. 18CQCh. 21 - Prob. 19CQCh. 21 - Prob. 20CQCh. 21 - Prob. 21CQCh. 21 - Prob. 22CQCh. 21 - Prob. 23CQCh. 21 - Prob. 24CQCh. 21 - Prob. 25CQCh. 21 - Prob. 26CQCh. 21 - Prob. 27CQCh. 21 - Prob. 28CQCh. 21 - The average distance from the sun to Venus is...Ch. 21 - Prob. 2ECh. 21 - The nearest star to our sun is a red dwarf named...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- (a) Estimate the mass of the luminous matter in the known universe, given there are 1011 galaxies, each containing 1011 stars of average mass 1.5 times that of our Sun. (b) How many protons (the most abundant nuclide) are there in this mates? (c) Estimate the total number of particles in the observable universe by multiplying the answer to (b) by two, since there is an electron for each proton, and then by 109, since there are far more particles (such as photons and neutrinos) in space than in luminous matter.arrow_forward(a) Do all particles having strangeness also have at least one strange quark in them? (b) Do all hadrons with a strange quark also have nonzero strangeness?arrow_forwardHow can quarks, which are fermions, combine to form bosons? Why must an even number combine to form a boson? Give one example by stating the quark substructure of a boson.arrow_forward
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- More than 60 years ago, future Nobel laureate Sheldon Glashow predicted that if an antineutrino — the antimatter answer to the nearly massless neutrino — collided with an electron, it could produce a cascade of other particles. The Glashow resonance phenomenon is hard to detect, in large part because the antineutrino needs about 1,000 times more energy than what's produced in the most powerful colliders on Earth. 1. What is the threshold antineutrino energy for the Glashow resonance in peta electronvolts (PeV)? 2. What is this threshold energy in units of joules? 3.Now consider a baseball with the same kinetic energy as that of the Glashow resonance. What speed in m/s would correspond to this energy? 4.What is this rate in units of inches/second?arrow_forward1. If a proton is moving at very high speed, so that its kinetic energy is much greater than its rest energy (mc²), can it then decay via p →n + n+? 2. What would an “antiatom," made up of the antiparticles to the constituents of normal atoms, consist of? What might happen if antimatter, made of such antiatoms, came in contact with our normal world of matter?arrow_forward1. Assume a flat Friedmann-Robertson-Walker universe dominated by a cosmological constant. Calculate the time evolution of the scale factor a. Choose as initialcondition a(t0) = a0.2. Using the energy conservation equation, derive the equation of state for a cosmological constant.3. Assume an open Friedmann-Robertson-Walker universe dominated by its curvature.Calculate the time evolution of the scale factor a. Choose as initial condition a(t0) =a0.arrow_forward
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