Chemistry: Matter and Change
Chemistry: Matter and Change
1st Edition
ISBN: 9780078746376
Author: Dinah Zike, Laurel Dingrando, Nicholas Hainen, Cheryl Wistrom
Publisher: Glencoe/McGraw-Hill School Pub Co
Question
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Chapter 20.3, Problem 28SSC
Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Voltage for Down’s cell is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

Electrode potential is capacity of electrode to gain or lose electron when it is dipped in solution of its own ions. The absolute magnitude of cell potential of an electrode cannot be determined as oxidation half reaction or reduction half reaction cannot occur alone.

Down’s cell is the cell in which electrolysis of molten NaCl occurs which results into Na metal and Cl2 gas.

Expert Solution & Answer
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 28SSC

Voltage for Down’s cell that is 2Na+(l)+2Cl(l)2Na(l)+Cl2(g) is 4.06827V.

Explanation of Solution

When molten NaCl undergo electrolysis, Na+ and Cl ions are generated. Na+ moves to cathode and undergo reduction to Na and Cl move to anode and oxidizes to Cl2 gas.

The overall reaction for Down’s cell is:

2Na+(l)+2Cl(l)2Na(l)+Cl2(g)

The half cell reactions are as follows:

Na+(l)+eNa(l)

2Cl(l)Cl2(g)+2e

As per the latest convention of sign, the electrode at which reduction occurs with respect to standard hydrogen electrode is assigned positive sign or has higher reduction potential and the electrode at which oxidation occurs with respect to standard hydrogen electrode is assigned negative sign or has lower reduction potential.

As per table 20.1, standard potential for the half cell reactions are as follows:

Na+(l)+eNa(l);2.71V2Cl(l)Cl2(g)+2e;1.35827V

Since chlorine has positive electrode potential then sodium so reduction of chlorine and oxidation of sodium occur.

The formula for cell potential is as follows:

Ecell0=EReduction0Eoxidation0

Where,

Ecell0 is standard cell potential.

EReduction0 is half cell potential for reduction.

Eoxidation0 is half cell potential for oxidation.

Substitute 2.71V for Eoxidation0 and 1.35827V for EReduction0 in above formula.

Ecell0=EReduction0Eoxidation0=1.35827V(2.71V)=4.06827V

Voltage for Down’s cell that is 2Na+(l)+2Cl(l)2Na(l)+Cl2(g) is 4.06827V.

Conclusion

Voltage for Down’s cell that is 2Na+(l)+2Cl(l)2Na(l)+Cl2(g) is 4.06827V.

Chapter 20 Solutions

Chemistry: Matter and Change

Ch. 20.1 - Prob. 11SSCCh. 20.1 - Prob. 12SSCCh. 20.1 - Prob. 13SSCCh. 20.1 - Prob. 14SSCCh. 20.2 - Prob. 15SSCCh. 20.2 - Prob. 16SSCCh. 20.2 - Prob. 17SSCCh. 20.2 - Prob. 18SSCCh. 20.2 - Prob. 19SSCCh. 20.2 - Prob. 20SSCCh. 20.2 - Prob. 21SSCCh. 20.3 - Prob. 22SSCCh. 20.3 - Prob. 23SSCCh. 20.3 - Prob. 24SSCCh. 20.3 - Prob. 25SSCCh. 20.3 - Prob. 26SSCCh. 20.3 - Prob. 27SSCCh. 20.3 - Prob. 28SSCCh. 20.3 - Prob. 29SSCCh. 20 - Prob. 30ACh. 20 - Prob. 31ACh. 20 - Prob. 32ACh. 20 - Prob. 33ACh. 20 - Prob. 34ACh. 20 - Prob. 35ACh. 20 - Prob. 36ACh. 20 - Prob. 37ACh. 20 - Prob. 38ACh. 20 - Prob. 39ACh. 20 - Prob. 40ACh. 20 - Prob. 41ACh. 20 - Prob. 42ACh. 20 - Prob. 43ACh. 20 - Prob. 44ACh. 20 - Prob. 45ACh. 20 - Prob. 46ACh. 20 - Prob. 47ACh. 20 - Prob. 48ACh. 20 - Prob. 49ACh. 20 - Prob. 50ACh. 20 - Prob. 51ACh. 20 - Prob. 52ACh. 20 - Prob. 53ACh. 20 - Prob. 54ACh. 20 - Prob. 55ACh. 20 - Prob. 56ACh. 20 - Prob. 57ACh. 20 - Prob. 58ACh. 20 - Prob. 59ACh. 20 - Prob. 60ACh. 20 - Prob. 61ACh. 20 - Prob. 62ACh. 20 - Prob. 63ACh. 20 - Prob. 64ACh. 20 - Prob. 65ACh. 20 - Prob. 66ACh. 20 - Prob. 67ACh. 20 - Prob. 68ACh. 20 - Prob. 69ACh. 20 - Prob. 70ACh. 20 - Prob. 71ACh. 20 - Prob. 72ACh. 20 - Prob. 73ACh. 20 - Prob. 74ACh. 20 - Prob. 75ACh. 20 - Prob. 76ACh. 20 - Prob. 77ACh. 20 - Prob. 78ACh. 20 - Prob. 79ACh. 20 - Prob. 80ACh. 20 - Prob. 81ACh. 20 - Prob. 82ACh. 20 - Prob. 83ACh. 20 - Prob. 84ACh. 20 - Prob. 85ACh. 20 - Prob. 86ACh. 20 - Prob. 87ACh. 20 - Prob. 88ACh. 20 - Prob. 89ACh. 20 - Prob. 90ACh. 20 - Prob. 91ACh. 20 - Prob. 92ACh. 20 - Prob. 93ACh. 20 - Prob. 94ACh. 20 - Prob. 95ACh. 20 - Prob. 96ACh. 20 - Prob. 97ACh. 20 - Prob. 98ACh. 20 - Prob. 1STPCh. 20 - Prob. 2STPCh. 20 - Prob. 3STPCh. 20 - Prob. 4STPCh. 20 - Prob. 5STPCh. 20 - Prob. 6STPCh. 20 - Prob. 7STPCh. 20 - Prob. 8STPCh. 20 - Prob. 9STPCh. 20 - Prob. 10STPCh. 20 - Prob. 11STPCh. 20 - Prob. 12STPCh. 20 - Prob. 13STPCh. 20 - Prob. 14STPCh. 20 - Prob. 15STP
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