Chapter 20, Problem 65A

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The substances used in the electrolytic production of aluminum needs to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Hall Heroult’s process is the name given to the industrial preparation of aluminum by the electrolysis of alumina(Al₂O₃).

Answer to Problem 65A

The substance which is electrolyzed in the industrial process to produce aluminum metal is a mixture of pure alumina(Al₂O₃), cryolite(Na₃AlF₆) and fluorspar(CaF₂).

Explanation of Solution

In the electrolytic mixture used to prepare aluminum, alumina acts as a primary source of aluminum metal, cryolite reduces the melting point and increases the mobility of the electrolytic mixture and fluorspar increases the electric conductivity.

Conclusion

A mixture of alumina, cryolite and fluorspar is used in the industrial process to produce aluminum.