
Concept explainers
(a)
The numerical value of the Nv(v)Nv(vmp) for the value of v=vmp50.0.
(a)

Answer to Problem 39AP
The numerical value of the Nv(v)Nv(vmp) for the value of v=vmp50.0 is 1.09×10−3.
Explanation of Solution
Value of average speed is vmp50.0.
Write the expression for the Maxwell-Boltzmann speed distribution function,
Nv=4πN(m02πkBT)32v2e(−m0v22kBT) (1)
Here, Nv is the Maxwell-Boltzmann speed distribution function, N is the total number of molecules of gas, T is the absolute temperature of gas, v is the speed of the fraction of molecules of gas, kB is the Boltzmann constant and m0 is the mass of the gas molecule.
Write the expression for the average speed of a gas molecule.
v=√8kBTπm0
Here, v is the average speed of a gas molecule.
Write the expression for the most probable speed of a gas molecule.
vmp=√2kBTm0
Here, vmp is the most probable speed of a gas molecule.
Write the formula to calculate the numerical value of the Nv(v)Nv(vmp) using equation(1).
Nv(v)Nv(vmp)=4πN(m02πkBT)32v2e(−m0v22kBT)4πN(m02πkBT)32v2mpe(−m0v2mp2kBT)=(vvmp)2e(m0v2mp2kBT−m0v22kBT)=(vvmp)2em0v2mp2kBT(1−(vvmp)2) (2)
Substitute √2kBTm0 for vmp in equation (2) to find Nv(v)Nv(vmp).
Nv(v)Nv(vmp)=(vvmp)2em0(√2kBTm0)22kBT(1−(vvmp)2)=(vvmp)2e(1−(vvmp)2) (3)
Conclusion:
Substitute vmp50.0 for v in equation (3) to find Nv(v)Nv(vmp),
Nv(v)Nv(vmp)=(vmp50.0vmp)2e(1−(vmp50.0vmp)2)=1.0868×10−3≈1.09×10−3
Thus, the numerical value of the Nv(v)Nv(vmp) for the value of v=vmp50.0 is 1.09×10−3.
(b)
The numerical value of the Nv(v)Nv(vmp) for the value of v=vmp10.0.
(b)

Answer to Problem 39AP
The numerical value of the Nv(v)Nv(vmp) for the value of v=vmp10.0 is 2.69×10−2.
Explanation of Solution
Value of average speed is vmp10.0.
From equation (3), Write the formula to calculate the numerical value of the Nv(v)Nv(vmp)
Nv(v)Nv(vmp)=(vvmp)2e(1−(vvmp)2)
Conclusion:
Substitute vmp10.0 for v in above expression to find Nv(v)Nv(vmp).
Nv(v)Nv(vmp)=(vmp10.0vmp)2e(1−(vmp10.0vmp)2)=2.69×10−2
Thus, the numerical value of the Nv(v)Nv(vmp) for the value of v=vmp10.0 is 2.69×10−2.
(c)
The numerical value of the Nv(v)Nv(vmp) for the value of v=vmp2.00.
(c)

Answer to Problem 39AP
The numerical value of the Nv(v)Nv(vmp) for the value of v=vmp2.00 is 0.529.
Explanation of Solution
Value of average speed is vmp2.00.
Recall equation (3)
Conclusion:
Substitute vmp2.00 for v in equation (3) to find Nv(v)Nv(vmp).
Nv(v)Nv(vmp)=(vmp2.00vmp)2e(1−(vmp2.00vmp)2)=0.529
Therefore, the numerical value of the Nv(v)Nv(vmp) for the value of v=vmp2.00 is 0.529.
(d)
The numerical value of the Nv(v)Nv(vmp) for the value of v=vmp.
(d)

Answer to Problem 39AP
The numerical value of the Nv(v)Nv(vmp) for the value of v=vmp is 1.00.
Explanation of Solution
Value of average speed is vmp.
Recall equation (3)
Conclusion:
Substitute vmp for v in above expression to find Nv(v)Nv(vmp).
Nv(v)Nv(vmp)=(vmpvmp)2e(1−(vmpvmp)2)=1.00
Therefore, the numerical value of the Nv(v)Nv(vmp) for the value of v=vmp is 1.00.
(e)
The numerical value of the Nv(v)Nv(vmp) for the value of v=2.00vmp.
(e)

Answer to Problem 39AP
The numerical value of the Nv(v)Nv(vmp) for the value of v=2.00vmp is 0.199.
Explanation of Solution
Value of average speed is 2.00vmp.
Recall equation (3)
Conclusion:
Substitute 2.00vmp for v in above expression to find Nv(v)Nv(vmp).
Nv(v)Nv(vmp)=(2.00vmpvmp)2e(1−(2.00vmpvmp)2)=0.199
Thus, the numerical value of the Nv(v)Nv(vmp) for the value of v=2.00vmp is 0.199.
(f)
The numerical value of the Nv(v)Nv(vmp) for the value of v=10.0vmp.
(f)

Answer to Problem 39AP
The numerical value of the Nv(v)Nv(vmp) for the value of v=10.0vmp is 1.01×10−41.
Explanation of Solution
Value of average speed is 10.0vmp.
Recall equation (3),
Conclusion:
Substitute 10.0vmp for v in above expression to find Nv(v)Nv(vmp).
Nv(v)Nv(vmp)=(10.0vmpvmp)2e(1−(10.0vmpvmp)2)=1.01×10−41
Thus, the numerical value of the Nv(v)Nv(vmp) for the value of v=10.0vmp is 1.01×10−41.
(g)
The numerical value of the Nv(v)Nv(vmp) for the value of v=50.0vmp.
(g)

Answer to Problem 39AP
The numerical value of the Nv(v)Nv(vmp) for the value of v=50.0vmp is 1.25×10−1082
Explanation of Solution
Reacall equation (3)
Conclusion:
Substitute 50.0vmp for v in above equation to find Nv(v)Nv(vmp).
Nv(v)Nv(vmp)=(50.0vmpvmp)2e(1−(50.0vmpvmp)2)=1.25×10−1082
Thus, the numerical value of the Nv(v)Nv(vmp) for the value of v=50.0vmp is 1.25×10−1082.
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