Physics for Scientists and Engineers
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781337553278
Author: Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 20, Problem 22P
(a)
To determine
The ratio of speeds for the isotopes of chlorine,
(b)
To determine
To determine:The isotope of chlorineamong
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Two gases in a mixture pass through a filter at rates proportional to the gases’ rms speeds. (a) Find the ratio of speeds for the two isotopes of chlorine, 35Cl and 37Cl, as they pass through the air. (b) Which isotope moves faster?
Room temperature is 20 °C. Calculate the ratio v₂/V1,
where v₁ = the rms speed of a nitrogen molecule (mass = 30 u) and v₂ = the speed of a helium atom (mass = 4 u), in the room.
V1
OA: 2.74 OB: 3.64 OC: 4.84 OD: 6.44 OE: 8.57 OF: 11.40 OG: 15.16 OH: 20.16
At what temperature would the rms speed of deuterium atoms equal the following speeds? (Note: The mass of a deuterium atom is 3.32 x 10-2 kg.)
(a) the escape speed from Earth, 1.12 x 104 m/s
K
(b) the escape speed from the Moon, 2.37 x 103 m/s
Chapter 20 Solutions
Physics for Scientists and Engineers
Ch. 20.1 - Two containers hold an ideal gas at the same...Ch. 20.2 - (i) How does the internal energy of an ideal gas...Ch. 20.3 - Prob. 20.3QQCh. 20.3 - Prob. 20.4QQCh. 20 - A spherical balloon of volume 4.00 103 cm3...Ch. 20 - A spherical balloon of volume V contains helium at...Ch. 20 - A 2.00-mol sample of oxygen gas is confined to a...Ch. 20 - Oxygen, modeled as an ideal gas, is in a container...Ch. 20 - A 5.00-L vessel contains nitrogen gas at 27.0C and...Ch. 20 - Prob. 6P
Ch. 20 - In a period of 1.00 s, 5.00 1023 nitrogen...Ch. 20 - A 7.00-L vessel contains 3.50 moles of gas at a...Ch. 20 - Calculate the change in internal energy of 3.00...Ch. 20 - Prob. 10PCh. 20 - In a constant-volume process, 209 J of energy is...Ch. 20 - A vertical cylinder with a heavy piston contains...Ch. 20 - A 1.00-L insulated bottle is full of tea at 90.0C....Ch. 20 - A certain molecule has f degrees of freedom. Show...Ch. 20 - You are working for an automobile tire company....Ch. 20 - Why is the following situation impossible? A team...Ch. 20 - You and your younger brother are designing an air...Ch. 20 - During the compression stroke of a certain...Ch. 20 - Air in a thundercloud expands as it rises. If its...Ch. 20 - Why is the following situation impossible? A new...Ch. 20 - Air (a diatomic ideal gas) at 27.0C and...Ch. 20 - Prob. 22PCh. 20 - Prob. 23PCh. 20 - Prob. 24PCh. 20 - Prob. 25PCh. 20 - The law of atmospheres states that the number...Ch. 20 - Prob. 27APCh. 20 - Prob. 28APCh. 20 - The dimensions of a classroom are 4.20 m 3.00 m ...Ch. 20 - Prob. 30APCh. 20 - The Earths atmosphere consists primarily of oxygen...Ch. 20 - Review. As a sound wave passes through a gas, the...Ch. 20 - Prob. 33APCh. 20 - In a cylinder, a sample of an ideal gas with...Ch. 20 - As a 1.00-mol sample of a monatomic ideal gas...Ch. 20 - A sample consists of an amount n in moles of a...Ch. 20 - The latent heat of vaporization for water at room...Ch. 20 - A vessel contains 1.00 104 oxygen molecules at...Ch. 20 - Prob. 39APCh. 20 - Prob. 40APCh. 20 - Prob. 41APCh. 20 - On the PV diagram for an ideal gas, one isothermal...Ch. 20 - Prob. 43APCh. 20 - Prob. 44APCh. 20 - Prob. 45CP
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- Two gases in a mixture pass through a filter at rates proportional to the gases’ rms speeds. (a) Find the ratio of speeds for the two isotopes of chlorine,35Cl and 37 Cl, as they pass through the air. (b) Which isotope moves faster?arrow_forwardAt what temperature would the rms speed of nitrogen atoms equal the following speeds? (Note: The mass of a nitrogen atom is 2.32 ✕ 10−26 kg.) (a) the escape speed from Earth, 1.12 ✕ 104 m/s K(b) the escape speed from the Moon, 2.37 ✕ 103 m/s Karrow_forwardSuppose a gas of 87 Rb atoms is trapped in an atomic trap. If the average separation between nearest neighbour atoms in the trap is approximately (a) 100 times or (b) 10 times the atomic radius (265 pm), find the temperature at which you would expect Bose-Einstein condensation to occur. Make the same calculation for 23 Na (atomic radius 190 pm). Give your answers in Kelvin.arrow_forward
- Find the ratio rms velocity of Helium 2He“) and hydrogen (GH?) at constant temperature а. 1:4 O b. 1: v2 O c. 2: 1 O d. 1:2arrow_forwardA 2.7 L volume of ideal neon gas (monatomic) is at a pressure of 4.6 atmospheres and a temperature of 360 K. The atomic mass of neon is 20.2 g/mol. In this situation, the temperature of the gas is increased to 460 and the volume is increased to 4.7 L. The final pressure of the gas, in atmospheres, is closest to: A) 3.7 B) 3.4 C) 3.0 D) 4.4 E) 4.1arrow_forwardWhat is the average thermal velocity of a hydrogen molecule H at 27 \deg C? (Assume: Boltzmann constant = 1.38 x 10-23 J/K and the mass of H is m = 3.32 x 10-27 kg)arrow_forward
- For which gas the ratio of specific heats (C, / C, ) will be the largest? (a) mono-atomic (b) di-atomic (c) tri-atomic (d) hexa-atomicarrow_forwardA car tire contains 0.034m^3 of air at a gauge pressure of 2.76x10^5 N/m^2. The composition of air is about 78% nitrogen (N2) and 21% oxygen (O2), both diatomic molecules. How much more internal energy, in joules, does the air in the tire have than the same volume of air has at zero gauge pressure outside the tire? Eint,2 - Eint,1 = _____arrow_forwardThere are two important isotopes of uranium, 235 U and 238 U ; these isotopes are nearly identical chemically but have different atomic masses. Only 235 U is very useful in nuclear reactors. Separating the isotopes is called uranium enrichment (and is often in the news as of this writing, because of concerns that some countries are enriching uranium with the goal of making nuclear weapons.) One of the techniques for enrichment, gas diffusion, is based on the different molecular speeds of uranium hexafluoride gas, UF6 . (a) The molar masses of 235 U and 238 UF6 are 349.0 g/mol and 352.0 g/mol, respectively. What is the ratio of their typical speeds vrms ? (b) At what temperature would their typical speeds differ by1.00 m/s? (c) Do your answers in this problem imply that this technique may be difficult?arrow_forward
- The escape speed from the Moon is much smaller than from Earth and is only 2.38 km/s. At what temperature would bromine molecules (with a molecular mass equal to 159.8 g/mol) have an average speed vrms equal to the Moon's escape speed?arrow_forwardAt what temperature would the rms speed of hydrogen atoms equal the following speeds? (Note: The mass of a hydrogen atom is 1.66 x 10-27 kg.) (a) the escape speed from Earth, 1.12 x 104 m/s K (b) the escape speed from the Moon, 2.37 x 10³ m/s Karrow_forwardAt what temperature would the rms speed of helium atoms equal a. the escape speed from Earth, 1.12 m/s b. the escape speed from the Moon, 2.37 m/s? Note: The mass of a helium atom is 6.64 x 10-27 kg and the Boltzmann’s constant isarrow_forward
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