The synthesis of each of the given compounds by using ethanol and sodium or potassium cyanide as the sources of carbon atoms and any other necessary inorganic reagents is to be shown. Concept introduction: KMnO 4 acts as an oxidizing agent. Oxidation of primary alcohols by KMnO 4 results in the formation of carboxylic acids . Reaction of carboxylic acids with thionyl chloride results in the formation of acid chlorides. The full form of PCC is pyridiniumchlorochromate. It acts as a mild oxidizing agent. It oxidizes primary alcohols into aldehyde and secondary alcohol into ketones.

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Answer 1

Question

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 20, Problem 36P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The synthesis of each of the given compounds by using ethanol and sodium or potassium cyanide as the sources of carbon atoms and any other necessary inorganic reagents is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

KMnO4 acts as an oxidizing agent. Oxidation of primary alcohols by KMnO4 results in the formation of carboxylic acids.

Reaction of carboxylic acids with thionyl chloride results in the formation of acid chlorides.

The full form of PCC is pyridiniumchlorochromate. It acts as a mild oxidizing agent.

It oxidizes primary alcohols into aldehyde and secondary alcohol into ketones.

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Ethyl butyrate, CH3CH2CH2CO2CH2CH3, is an artificial fruit flavor commonly used in the food industry for such flavors as orange and pineapple. Its fragrance and taste are often associated with fresh orange juice, and thus it is most commonly used as orange flavoring.It can be produced by the reaction of butanoic acid with ethanol in the presence of an acid catalyst (H+): CH3CH2CH2CO2H(l)+CH2CH3OH(l)H+⟶CH3CH2CH2CO2CH2CH3(l)+H2O(l) a) Given 7.70 g of butanoic acid and excess ethanol, how many grams of ethyl butyrate would be synthesized, assuming a complete 100% yield? b) A chemist ran the reaction and obtained 5.25 g of ethyl butyrate. What was the percent yield? c) The chemist discovers a more efficient catalyst that can produce ethyl butyrate with a 78.0% yield. How many grams would be produced from 7.70 g of butanoic acid and excess ethanol?

Ethyl butyrate, CH3CH2CH2CO2CH2CH3, is an artificial fruit flavor commonly used in the food industry for such flavors as orange and pineapple. Its fragrance and taste are often associated with fresh orange juice, and thus it is most commonly used as orange flavoring.It can be produced by the reaction of butanoic acid with ethanol in the presence of an acid catalyst (H+): CH3CH2CH2CO2H(l)+CH2CH3OH(l)H+⟶CH3CH2CH2CO2CH2CH3(l)+H2O(l) Given 8.50 g of butanoic acid and excess ethanol, how many grams of ethyl butyrate would be synthesized, assuming a complete 100%yield? Express your answer in grams to three significant figures.

Prepare the following compounds starting from benzaldehyde and the appropriate ketone. Provide reactions for preparing the ketones starting from aromatic hydrocarbon compounds.

Answer 2

Question

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 20, Problem 36P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The synthesis of each of the given compounds by using ethanol and sodium or potassium cyanide as the sources of carbon atoms and any other necessary inorganic reagents is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

KMnO4 acts as an oxidizing agent. Oxidation of primary alcohols by KMnO4 results in the formation of carboxylic acids.

Reaction of carboxylic acids with thionyl chloride results in the formation of acid chlorides.

The full form of PCC is pyridiniumchlorochromate. It acts as a mild oxidizing agent.

It oxidizes primary alcohols into aldehyde and secondary alcohol into ketones.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Check out a sample textbook solution

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Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 20, Problem 36P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The synthesis of each of the given compounds by using ethanol and sodium or potassium cyanide as the sources of carbon atoms and any other necessary inorganic reagents is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

KMnO4 acts as an oxidizing agent. Oxidation of primary alcohols by KMnO4 results in the formation of carboxylic acids.

Reaction of carboxylic acids with thionyl chloride results in the formation of acid chlorides.

The full form of PCC is pyridiniumchlorochromate. It acts as a mild oxidizing agent.

It oxidizes primary alcohols into aldehyde and secondary alcohol into ketones.

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 20, Problem 36P

Interpretation Introduction