Concept explainers
(a)
To explain: The reason why phytanate cannot be catabolized by β-oxidation.
Concept introduction: Phytanate is a branched-chain saturated fatty acid anion, which is the conjugate base of phytanic acid. Humans obtain phytanic acid by the consumption of dairy products, ruminant animal fats, and certain fish. Phytanic acid undergoes α-oxidation in the peroxisome, and it is converted to pristanic acid by the removal of one carbon.
(b)
To draw: The structure of 2-hydroxyphytanoyl-CoA.
Concept introduction: Phytanate is a branched-chain saturated fatty acid anion, which is the conjugate base of phytanic acid. Humans obtain phytanic acid by the consumption of dairy products, ruminant animal fats, and certain fish. Phytanic acid undergoes α-oxidation in the peroxisome, and it is converted to pristanic acid by the removal of one carbon.
(c)
To draw: The structure of pristanal.
Concept introduction: Phytanate is a branched-chain saturated fatty acid anion, which is the conjugate base of phytanic acid. Humans obtain phytanic acid by the consumption of dairy products, ruminant animal fats, and certain fish. Phytanic acid undergoes α-oxidation in the peroxisome, and it is converted to pristanic acid by the removal of one carbon.
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