Essentials of Genetics (9th Edition) - Standalone book
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780134047799
Author: William S. Klug, Michael R. Cummings, Charlotte A. Spencer, Michael A. Palladino
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 20, Problem 16PDQ
Summary Introduction
To review:
The control of expression of homeotic genes present in Arabidopsis and Drosophila, by Polycomb genes, which are evolutionary divergent sets of the genes.
Introduction:
Homeotic genes are the genes that are responsible for the determination of the fate of each cell type for the formation of a specific structure or organ in an adult body. They are the part of the zygotic genes and are expressed at the embryonic stage of the organism’s development. Different sets of these genes control the development and organization of the body plan in both plants and animals, respectively.
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The floral homeotic genes of Arabidopsis belong to the MADS-box gene family, while in Drosophila, homeotic genes belong to the homeobox gene family. In both Arabidopsis and Drosophila, members of the Polycomb gene family control expression of these divergent homeotic genes. How do Polycomb genes control expression of two very different sets of homeotic genes?
In Drosophila, both fushi tarazu (ftz) and engrailed (eng) genes encode homeobox transcription factors and are capable of eliciting the expression of other genes. Both genes work at about the same time during development and in the same region to specify cell fate in body segments. To discover if ftz regulates the expression of engrailed;if engrailed regulates ftz; or if both are regulated by another gene, you perform a mutant analysis. In ftz embryos (ftz/ ftz) engrailed protein is absent; in engrailed embryos (eng/eng) ftz expression is normal. What does this tell you about the regulation of these two genes—does the engrailed gene regulate ftz, or does the ftz gene regulate engrailed?
Explain how (a) the absence of class B gene expression produces the flower structures seen in class B mutants (see Figure 22.15c) and (b) the absence of class C gene expression produces the structures seen in class C mutants (see Figure 22.15d).
Chapter 20 Solutions
Essentials of Genetics (9th Edition) - Standalone book
Ch. 20 -
CASE STUDY |One foot or another
In humans the...Ch. 20 - CASE STUDY| One foot or another In humans the HOXD...Ch. 20 - CASE STUDY| One foot or another In humans the HOXD...Ch. 20 - HOW DO WE KNOW? In this chapter, we have focused...Ch. 20 - Review the Chapter Concepts list on page 403. Most...Ch. 20 -
3. Nuclei from almost any source may be injected...Ch. 20 -
4. Distinguish between the syncytial blastoderm...Ch. 20 - (a) What are maternal-effect genes? (b) When are...Ch. 20 - (a) What are zygotic genes, and when are their...Ch. 20 - List the main classes of zygotic genes. What is...
Ch. 20 -
8. Experiments have shown that any nuclei placed...Ch. 20 - How can you determine whether a particular gene is...Ch. 20 -
10. You observe that a particular gene is being...Ch. 20 - What are Hox genes? What properties do they have...Ch. 20 -
12. The homeotic mutation Antennapedia causes...Ch. 20 - The Drosophila homeotic mutation spineless...Ch. 20 - A number of genes that control expression of Hox...Ch. 20 - In Arabidopsis, flower development is controlled...Ch. 20 - Prob. 16PDQCh. 20 - Dominguez et al. (2004) suggest that by studying...
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