Contemporary Labor Economics
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781259290602
Author: Campbell R. McConnell, Stanley L. Brue, David Macpherson
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Question
Chapter 2, Problem 9QS
To determine
The reason for different “tastes” of leisure and work of two individuals.
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Students have asked these similar questions
Consider two individuals, Carole and Mo, who each
have a job opportunity that pays a wage of $20 per
hour and allows them to choose the number of hours
per week they'd like to work. Carole has stronger
preferences for leisure than Mo. Ultimately, both
Carole and Mo choose to work more than zero hours
per week.
Draw (and upload) one graph that includes:
• Carole and Mo's income-leisure constraint
• Carole's utility-maximizing indifference curve (Uc)
and choice of leisure hours (Lc)
• Mo's utility-maximizing indifference curve (UM)
and choice of leisure hours (LM)
[Note: There are multiple, though similar, ways to
draw this graph. Focus on ensuring that the
constraint, indifference curves and hours worked
align with the information provided above.]
Rebecca's wage is $10 per hour, and she can work up to 60 hours per week. The table and the budget
constraint graph show the trade-off that she faces between income and leisure in one week of potential work at
this wage.
Her manager raises her wage to $15 per hour. Change the graph below to illustrate her new income-leisure
budget constraint. The line and the individual endpoints are movable. Assume that nothing else changes.
Hours Leisure time Income ($)
(hours)
worked
at $10/hour
0
200
400
600
0
20
40
60
60
40
20
0
Income ($)
1000
900
800
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
0
10
20
30
40 50 60 70 80 90
Leisure (hours)
Assume Lorena derives utility from consumption and leisure. Through the
following utility function. U=VC-R where C is consumption and R is hours of
leisure consumed per day (there are 24 hours in her day).
Let w be the wage rate and H be the hours of work chosen. The price of
consumption goods, C, is $1. In addition, assume Lorena has $M amount of non-
wage income each day.
Set up the utility maximizing Lagrangian needed to maximize utility
subject to the budget constraint but do not solve for the demand for C and R.
a
b.
Draw the consumer choice model for this situation (fully label the
graph). Use it to graphically derive/describe/explain her labor supply function
and explain what would be true for her labor supply to rise or fall when the
wage rises (you may want to draw the graph twice.
Measure and explain the loss in consumer surplus using the concept of
compensating variation.
g.
h.
What is the expenditure-price elasticity equation for y? That is, the elasticity for
the % change…
Chapter 2 Solutions
Contemporary Labor Economics
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Similar questions
- Jack's marginal utility of consumption is MUc = L - 6, and the marginal utility of leisure is MUL=C-40. Jack does not have any nonlabor income, i.e., V = 0. Jack faces a $48 an hour wage rate. Jack's total number of hours available per week is 150. What is Jack's optimal choice of consumption? (calculate to 2 decimal places)arrow_forwardThe consumer's utility function for Consumption (C) and Leisure (L) is given as U(C,L) = √CLHis hourly wage is $10, non-labor income is $20; and he has a total of 16 hours to allocate between labor and leisureBased on this information, the consumer's total utility at the optimal level (or optimal C,L combination) is:a. 57.0 utilsb. 28.5 utilsc. 99.75 utilsd. 114.5 utilse. Cannot be determined with the information given I prefer typed answers.arrow_forwardSheila's income and leisure preferences can be expressed by U(Y, L) = 2 x (YL - 40Y - 100L) This utility function implies that Sheila's marginal utility of leisure is 2Y - 200 and her marginal utility of income 2L-80. In a week, there are 168 hours available for her to allocate between work and leisure. Sheila earns $10 per hour after taxes and receives $120 worth of welfare benefits each week during the pandemic regardless of how many hours she decides to work. Assume that the price index is 1. a) What is Sheila's budget line? b) What is Sheila's marginal rate of substitution when L = 100 and she is on her budget line? c) What is Sheila's optimal relationship between income and labour hours? d) What is Sheila's optimal amount of labour hours, leisure hours, and income? e) At the optimal allocation, what is Sheila's utility level? Show your work.arrow_forward
- Fill in the blanks and round to 2 decimals where needed. Katie has 75 hours per week to allocate to leisure or work. She has a job that pays $30 per hour, she has $150 nonlabour income per week and the price of the (composite) consumption good is p=$1. Her preferences are given by U(C,L) = ½ C L. Katie's reservation wage is $ 30 and she prefers to work 87.5 hours per week. If Katie's nonlabour income rises to $210, she would prefer to work 68 hours per week. If Katie's hourly wage was to rise to $40, she would prefer to work 72 hours per week (with the original Yn=150). Considering the change in hours in response to the wage rise, the effect clearly dominates the effect.arrow_forwardBessie, who can currently work as many hours as she wants at a wage of w, chooses to work 10 hours a day. Her boss decides to limit the number of hours that she can work to 8 hours per day. Show how her budget constraint and choice of hours change. Bessie's budget constraint L is illustrated in the figure to the right. For completing the following, assume the indifference curves satisfy the usual assumptions. 1.) Use the 3-point curved line drawing tool to draw an indifference curve for Bessie when she can work as many hours as she wants. Label this curve '¹'. 2.) Use the 3-point curved line drawing tool to draw an indifference curve representing Bessie's utility when she is restricted to work 8 hours per day. Label this curve 'IR¹. Carefully follow the instructions above, and only draw the required objects. Y, Goods per day (-1,19.3) Time constraint 10 8 L, Leisure hours per day G [arrow_forwardA consumer earns a wage of 20 dollars per hour and has an unearned income of $100 per day. What would the consumption-leisure budget line look like? In the graph, also draw the effect of a wage cut, (including the income and substitution effects). Assume she works less after the wage change.arrow_forward
- A worker earns £15 pounds an hour and chooses to work six hours a day. The worker has noother source of income. For the question below, assume that the worker has “standard” Cobb-Douglas preferences. When considering wage changes, assume that the “income effect”outweighs the “substitution effect”. (a) Write down the worker’s budget constraint and then represent the worker’schoice in a suitably labelled graph. (b) The government gives the worker £80, but taxes the worker’s wage, such thattheir take-home wage is £10. Model this policy in a suitably labelled graph. Isthe worker better off (in terms of utility) after this policy? Note –there are arange of correct answers for the worker’s new hours/income. Choose one thatis consistent with the information given in the question.arrow_forwardConsider an individual who had been planning to retire in five years. Unfortunately, they've just been laid off and the highest-paying job they've been able to find pays a lower hourly wage than did their previous job. a) Using the concepts of the income and/or substitution effect, describe why we might expect this individual to retire earlier than they originally planned. b) Using the concepts of the income and/or substitution effect, describe why we might expect this individual to retire later than they originally plannedarrow_forwardConsider an indifference curve for someone deciding how to allocate time between work (and thus consumption) and leisure. Suppose the wage increases. The substitution effect induces a person to work and consume (more , less) ? in response to higher wages. If consumption is a normal good, the income effect induces the person to consume ( more, less) ? when the wage rises, but if consumption is an inferior good, the income effect induces the person to consume ( more , less) ? in response to higher wages. True or False: The person's consumption may fall as a result of the higher wage if consumption is an inferior good. True or Falsearrow_forward
- Marley has 100 hours per week available she can spend either working or doing leisure activities. He can work at a wage rate of $50 per hour. Bob receives $1000 of rental income per week, no matter how much he works. Use leisure-income model to solve this:- i) draw Marley budget line and optimal choice of working 80 hours in a week then calculate the maximum and optimal amount of income ii.) And suppose Marley is suppose to share the household expenses and then be taxed 50% of her wage income. then draw another diagram to compare Marley choice in Part i) and the new labour supply decision of working 90 hours per week due to the tax. Clearly label out the income effect, substitution effect and total effect in the diagram.arrow_forwardShelly’s preferences for consumption and leisure can be expressed as U(C, L) = (C - 200) * (L - 80) This utility function implies that Shelly’s marginal utility of leisure is C - 200 and her marginal utility of consumption is L - 80. There are 168 hours in the week available to split between work and leisure. Shelly earns $5 per hour after taxes. She also receives $320 worth of welfare benefits each week regardless of how much she works. a. Graph Shelly’s budget line. b. What is Shelly’s marginal rate of substitution when L = 100 and she is on her budget line? c. What is Shelly’s reservation wage? d. Find Shelly’s optimal amount of consumption and leisure.arrow_forwardIn the figure below, which represents how the labor/leisure choice of a consumer changes when the wage rate increases to w' > w, the substitution effect is zero and the overall income effect is positive (in the figure, x represent the amount of leisure). A. True B. False motivate it with a short comment (max 4 lines). 24w' Py (w' > w) 24w C Py A = B BLa L 24arrow_forward
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