Campbell Essential Biology (7th Edition)
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780134765037
Author: Eric J. Simon, Jean L. Dickey, Jane B. Reece
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 2, Problem 3SQ
A nitrogen atom has 7 protons, and the most common isotope of nitrogen has 7 neutrons. A radioactive isotope of nitrogen has 9 neutrons. What are the atomic numbers and mass numbers of the stable and radioactive form of nitrogen?
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According to chemist John Dalton, if one mole of nitrogen is combined with three moles of hydrogen to form one mole of ammonia (knowing that nitrogen, with an atomic number of 7, has an atomic mass of 14, and hydrogen, with an atomic number of 1, has an atomic mass of 1), then this compound will have an atomic weight (or molecular mass) of:
14 grams per mole (14 daltons)
17 grams per mole (17 daltons)
20 grams per mole (20 daltons)
22 grams per mole (22 daltons)
43 grams per mole (43 daltons)
What if there are a different number of Neutrons?
Sometimes elements have a different number of neutrons than usual, so therefore have a different atomic mass. This is what we call an Isotope (a variant form of an element which has the same number of protons but a differing number of neutrons).
Sometimes we’ll see Isotopes labeled with their new mass like this:
14C = this is Carbon 14. Notice it has a different mass than what is on your periodic table
The average mass of all the isotopes is defined as an element’s Atomic Weight. Can you answer questions about these Isotopes?
ELEMENT
ATOMIC MASS
NUMBER OF PROTONS
NUMBER OF NEUTRONS
14C
A
B
C
15N
D
E
F
2H
G
H
I
Use your table to look up the number of protons, remember that never changes!
Do a web search to identify each of the following elements>isotopes and indicate the number of neutrons, protons, and electrons in an atom of the element>isotope:
Chapter 2 Solutions
Campbell Essential Biology (7th Edition)
Ch. 2 - An atom can be changed into an ion by adding or...Ch. 2 - If you change the number of _____ the atom becomes...Ch. 2 - A nitrogen atom has 7 protons, and the most common...Ch. 2 - Why are radioactive isotopes useful to tracers in...Ch. 2 - What is chemically nonsensical about this...Ch. 2 - Why is it unlikely that two neighboring water...Ch. 2 - Which of the following is not a chemical reaction?...Ch. 2 - Some people in your study group say they dont...Ch. 2 - Explain how the unique properties of water result...Ch. 2 - Explain why it is unlikely that life could exist...
Ch. 2 - A can of cola consists mostly of sugar dissolved...Ch. 2 - For each statement, identify which major theme is...Ch. 2 - For each statement, identify which major theme is...Ch. 2 - For each statement, identify which major theme is...Ch. 2 - Animals obtain energy through a series of chemical...Ch. 2 - Interpreting Data. As shown in Figure 2.17,...Ch. 2 - Critically evaluate this statement: Its paranoid...Ch. 2 - A major source of the CO2 that causes ocean...
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- which of the sub-atomic particles is commonly represented by this symbol:"e-"?arrow_forwardfor the first 10 atoms from the periodic table determine: the atom full name and chemical symbol atomic number atomic mass how many protons, Neutrons and electrons? Abundance in naturearrow_forwardThe most abundant form of carbon has an atomic number of 6 and a mass of 12. A small amount of carbon exists as the isotope carbon 14. What number of protons, neutrons, and electrons would you expect to see in an atom of carbon 14?arrow_forward
- According to chemist John Dalton, if one mole of oxygen is combined with two moles of hydrogen to form one mole of water (when hydrogen has an atomic number of 1 and an atomic mass of 1, and oxygen has an atomic number of 8 and an atomic mass of 16), then this compound has an atomic mass: of 42 grams per mole (42 daltons) of 38 grams per mole (38 daltons) of 32 grams per mole (32 daltons) of 20 grams per mole (20 daltons) of 18 grams per mole (18 daltons)arrow_forwardwhat makes Isotopes of an element different from one another?arrow_forwardElements have varying numbers of protons, neutrons, and electrons.True or false?arrow_forward
- Look up the valence electron configuration, covalent atomic radius, effective nuclear charge, first ionization energy and Pauling electronegativity in Chapter 8 (tables are attached). Examine the above data and answer the following questions. a) Explain why some of the elements like TI and Pb on the lower left of the p block are metallic. b) Explain why some of the elements like C, Si in the center of the p block form covalent bonds. Explain why these bonds formed by the network of these elements (as studied in Chapter 25) tend to be unreactive. c) Explain why the noble Group 8A elements are highly unreactive gases. d) Explain why some elements like F, CI, Br etc, on the upper right of the p block are highly reactive nonmetals.arrow_forwardwhat is the atomic number for iron, calcium, potassium, oxygen, nitrogen, and hydrogen?arrow_forwardThe atomic mass of an element can be used to determine A) the chemical properties of the element B) the number of protons in the element C) the number of neutrons in the element D) the number of protons plus neutrons in the element E) both the number of protons and the chemical properties of the elementarrow_forward
- Chlorine is an element with the symbol Cl. Draw and label atomic structure of chlorine indicating the number and locations of protons, neutrons and electrons in one atom of chlorine.arrow_forwardWhat are the possible energy states for atomic carbon?arrow_forwardwhat subatomic particle is present in the nucleus of an atom?arrow_forward
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