Chapter 2, Problem 21A

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For a given experiment, a method for separating the two components of this mixture should be discussed.

Concept introduction: Practically all of the matter in environment consists of mixtures of different substance. For example, soil; it has many forms of components, air; it has mixture of many gases, etc.

Answer to Problem 21A

The separation method is Distillation.

Explanation of Solution

The mixture of liquid, with different boiling point can be separated by the distillation method. The component can be separated by the boiling and condensation process. This is a physical method of separation.

In other words, a mixture of two liquid is separated by the distillation process. The separation technique is based on the boiling point of the liquids. The liquid with lower the boiling point start boils first and condensed out, and then other one is separated. This technique is used for the purification of the solution.

In a laboratory experiment, add some water to sample and heat the solution until its boil. This action will dissolve benzoic acid but not the charcoal. Now, filter the hot sample. This will remove the charcoal from the mixture. As the filtered solution refrigerates, some of benzoic acid will crystallize. The solution could also be heated to boil off the water to leave the benzoic acid.

Conclusion

Distillation method is used for the separation of a mixture.