Evolution
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781605356051
Author: Douglas Futuyma, Mark Kirkpatrick
Publisher: SINAUER
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Chapter 19, Problem 3PDT
Summary Introduction
To suggest: Some hypothesis for the apparent conflict between insect diversification and co-evolution of vascular plants.
Introduction: Competitive displacement is the process in which increasing diversity of species one clade causes a decline in the corresponding clade of species. Incumbent replacement is characterized by the extinction of one clade of species which enables the corresponding clade of species in the process of diversification later in their life. The evidence given by Labandeira and Sepkoski with respect to insect diversification and evolution of vascular plants did not favor the hypothesis given by Ehrlich and Raven.
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24.) Based on the tree on the right, which statement is not correct?
a) The salamander lineage is a basal taxon
b) Salamanders are a sister group to the group containing
lizards, goats, and humans
c) Salamanders are as closely related to goats as to humans
d) Lizards are more closely related to salamanders than to
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Salamander
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The phylogenetic tree below depicts the evolutionary relation among a subset of ants. The Taxa
shaded in correspond to groups that have evolved jaw-like type of structures.
Based on this trait, the subfamilies Formicinae and Mymicinae form what type of phyletic
relationship?
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monophyletic group.
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Formicinae
Myrmicinae
Ectatomminae
Heteroponerinae
Dolichoderinae
Aneuretinae
Pseudomyrmecinae
Myrmeciinae
Aenictinae
Dorylinae
Ecitoninae
Cerapachyinae
Leptanilloidinae
Ponerinae
Agroecomyrmecinae
Paraponerinae
Amblyoponinae
Proceratiinae
Leptanillinae
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Myrmoteras
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What is convergent evolution? Use evidence from the trees to explain how the Anolis lizards are an example of this concept.
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