World of Chemistry
World of Chemistry
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780618562763
Author: Steven S. Zumdahl
Publisher: Houghton Mifflin College Div
Question
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Chapter 19, Problem 32A
Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The uses of radioisotopes in medical diagnosis or treatment of diseases needs to be explained.

Concept introduction: An isotope is an atom that has the different number of neutrons but same number of protons. Radioisotopes can be defined as an atom which have an unstable nucleus and readily undergoes radioactive decay.

Radioisotopes have wide application in medical diagnosis or treatment of diseases.

Expert Solution & Answer
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Answer to Problem 32A

The four radioisotopes are I53 131 , T43 99c , T81 201l and P15 30 .

Explanation of Solution

  1. I53 131 is used in diagnosis as well as treatment of thyroid cancer. The thyroid will absorb iodine to produce the iodine-containing thyroid hormones. A hyperactive thyroid gland will absorb the radioactive material which can then destroy excess thyroid tissue or any cancer of the thyroid.
  2. T43 99c  isotope decays by emission of low intensity gamma ray which makes the radiation damage fairly negligible. It remains in the body for some time because its half-life is about six hours. T43 99c is used to diagnose cardiac damage. T43 99c flows in the blood stream; if there is less blood flow in the heart, then concentration of the isotope will be low in heart muscle.
  3. T81 201l can be used to assess cardiac damage and its working principle is similar to that of T43 99c .
  4. P15 30 is a beta emitter with half life if 14.3 days and found good for skin diseases.
Conclusion

The four radioisotopes are I53 131 , T43 99c , T81 201l and P15 30 .

Chapter 19 Solutions

World of Chemistry

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