Microbiology With Diseases By Taxonomy (6th Edition)
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780134832302
Author: Robert W. Bauman Ph.D.
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 19, Problem 2TMW
In 1928, Frederick Griffith discovered genetic transformation in which Streptococcus pneumoniae picked up DNA from the environment. Why did Griffith call the bacterium “Diplococcus pneumonia”?
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Griffith's Experiments using Streptococcus pneumonia rough and smooth strains concluded which of the following?
a) DNA is the Molecule of Inheritance
b) Some, yet unknown, factor of inheritance could be transferred from one bacteria to another.
c) Protein if the Molecule of Inheritance
d) Heat treating bacteria has NO effect on its virulence
In 1928, Sir Alexander Fleming was studying Staphylococcus bacteria growing in culture dishes. He noticed that a mold called Penicillium was also growing in some of the dishes. A clear area existed around the mold because all the bacteria that had grown in this area had died. In the culture dishes without the mold, no clear areas were present.
Fleming hypothesized that the mold must be producing a chemical that killed the bacteria. He decided to isolate this substance and test it to see if it would kill bacteria. Fleming transferred the mold to a nutrient broth solution. This solution contained all the materials the mold needed to grow. After the mold grew, he removed it from the nutrient broth. Fleming then added the nutrient broth in which the mold had grown to a culture of bacteria. He observed that the bacteria died which was later used to develop antibiotics used to treat a variety of diseases. (Biology Corner)
1. What was the initial observation Fleming made?
2. What was…
30) A water sample from a hot thermal vent contained a single-celled organism that had a cell wall but
lacked a nucleus. What is its most likely classification?
A) Eukarya
B) Archaea
C) Animalia
D) Protista
E) Fungi
31) To establish a link between a specific bacterium and a skin disease, researchers have shown that the
bacterium was present in sick persons but not in healthy individuals. They isolated the bacterium in a
pure culture and demonstrated that experimental healthy animals injected with this culture became
sick. What other experiment do researchers need to perform to be absolutely sure that the bacterium is
responsible for the disease?
A) Demonstrate that the bacterium belongs to the pathogenic lineage
B) Demonstrate that the bacterium is not able to live outside of humans or animals
C) Isolate bacterium from an infected sick animal and demonstrate that it is the same bacterium as the
one used for infection
D) Isolate bacterium from an infected sick animal and demonstrate…
Chapter 19 Solutions
Microbiology With Diseases By Taxonomy (6th Edition)
Ch. 19 - Prob. 1TMWCh. 19 - In 1928, Frederick Griffith discovered genetic...Ch. 19 - Prob. 3TMWCh. 19 - Prob. 4TMWCh. 19 - Why does use of broad-spectrum antibacterial drugs...Ch. 19 - Prob. 6TMWCh. 19 - Why do pediatricians refrain from using...Ch. 19 - Why is it necessary to get a diphtheria...Ch. 19 - Prob. 9TMWCh. 19 - Prob. 10TMW
Ch. 19 - Why does Actinomyces appear purple with a Gram...Ch. 19 - Prob. 2CCSCh. 19 - Prob. 1EDCSCh. 19 - Prob. 2MCCh. 19 - Prob. 3MCCh. 19 - Prob. 4MCCh. 19 - Prob. 5MCCh. 19 - Prob. 6MCCh. 19 - Prob. 7MCCh. 19 - Prob. 8MCCh. 19 - Prob. 9MCCh. 19 - Prob. 10MCCh. 19 - Which of the following is not characteristic of...Ch. 19 - Prob. 1MCh. 19 - Prob. 1SACh. 19 - Prob. 2SACh. 19 - Contrast tuberculoid leprosy with lepromatous...Ch. 19 - Prob. 4SACh. 19 - Why do pediatricians recommend that children under...Ch. 19 - Prob. 6SACh. 19 - Prob. 7SACh. 19 - Prob. 8SACh. 19 - Prob. 9SACh. 19 - Prob. 10SACh. 19 - Prob. 11SACh. 19 - Prob. 12SACh. 19 - Prob. 1VICh. 19 - Prob. 2VICh. 19 - A few days after the death of a child hospitalized...Ch. 19 - Prob. 2CTCh. 19 - Prob. 3CTCh. 19 - Prob. 4CTCh. 19 - Prob. 5CTCh. 19 - Prob. 6CT
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- Which of the statements is TRUE about conjugation? a) Plasmid DNA is transferred from a donor (F+) cell b) It may only be performed by competent cells c) DNA is always integrated into recipient chromosome d) It may be specialized or generalizedarrow_forwardIn 1928, British bacteriologist Alexander Fleming made an accidental discovery. He noticed that a fungus had contaminated one of the agar plates he had streaked with a bacterial species to be studied. The fungus prevented the bacteria from growing in the immediate area surrounding the fungus. Upon further investigation, Fleming found that the fungus produced a substance that was the agent responsible for killing the bacteria. He called this substance penicillin. Given this information, which statement best explains why Fleming's discovery is relevant to the general public today? O Fleming's attention to detail diverted his efforts to investigate bacteria and likely robbed humanity of important discoveries that he would have otherwise made. Fleming's sloppiness in the lab serves as a reminder to all researchers that sterile technique is critical to preventing unwanted fungal growth on bacterial plates. Fleming's discovery enabled the development of chemical substances as antibiotics to…arrow_forwardWhich of the following terms describes bacteriophage DNA that has become integrated into the host cell chromosome? A) plasmid B) impolite phage C) transposon D) prophagearrow_forward
- 17) What gives Aspergillus sydowii colonies their hairy appearance? a) Hyphae () b) Stipes c) Growing media ) d) Ascocarpoda Jack has designed one primer which is complementary to the DNA of E. coli. He then used that primer for a PCR reaction using DNA isolated from a mixture of bacteria. He got no PC reaction product and hence concluded that there is absolutely no E. coli in the bacteria mixture. His conclusion is .... () True ) Falsearrow_forward13) A certain bacterial colony originated from the division of a single bacterial cell. Each cell in this colony will most likely A) express adaptations unlike those of the other cells B) synthesize the same proteins and enzymes C) have a resistance to different antibiotics D) replicate different numbers of genesarrow_forwardHow was Escherichia coli modified to produce indigo?arrow_forward
- 73) The type of bacteria that lacks peptidoglycan in its cell wall is: a) Cyanobacteria b) Eubacteria c) Archaebacteria d) Bacteriophage e) Halophiles 74) All the followings belong to the same method of controlling bacteria except: a) Radiation b) Gases c) Dry Heat d) Filtration e) Low temperatures 75) The reason bacteria uses siderophore is because of the: a) Low solubility of iron oxide in water b) The molecule is a good iron chelator c) Low solubility of Ferrous in water d) Low solubility of Ferric in water e) c & darrow_forward1) What is NDM-1? How can NDM-1 spread to different types of bacteria? 2) Why are Gram negative bacteria so much harder to treat with antibiotics? 3) What is KPC? Where does it live?arrow_forwardWhat were some of the conclusions of the Griffith experiment on streptococcus pneumonia? Why was the S strain heat treated? What was the purpose of using the R strain? What happened to the living R strain after being mixed with heat killed S-strain?arrow_forward
- Which of the statements about bacteriophage is FALSE: a) specialized transduction is a low frequency event b) may accidently package host DNA into a phage particle c) may perform specialized transduction d) only have a lytic life cyclearrow_forwardWhy is it important to use a hyperthermophilic DNA polymerase in PCR? a) Because only hyperthermophiles have DNA polymerases. b) Because hyperthermophilic DNA polymerase is able to resist the saline reaction conditions. c) Because hyperthermophilic DNA polymerase is faster than other polymerases. d) Because hyperthermophilic DNA polymerase is able to resist denaturation at 95℃.arrow_forwardBacteriophage entry into a host cell involves: a) Endocytosis Ob) Membrane fusion c) Direct injection of genomic material d) Budding e) Host cell lysisarrow_forward
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