Loose Leaf For Explorations: Introduction To Astronomy
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781260432145
Author: Thomas T Arny, Stephen E Schneider Professor
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 18, Problem 7ETY
To determine
The explanation of anthropic principle.
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Tutorial
A radio broadcast left Earth in 1923. How far in light
years has it traveled?
If there is, on average, 1 star system per 400 cubic light
years, how many star systems has this broadcast
reached?
Assume that the fraction of these star systems that
have planets is 0.50 and that, in a given planetary
system, the average number of planets that have
orbited in the habitable zone for 4 billion years is 0.40.
How many possible planets with life could have heard
this signal?
Part 1 of 3
To figure out how many light years a signal has
traveled we need to know how long since the signal left
Earth. If the signal left in 1923, distance in light years =
time since broadcast left Earth.
d = tnow - broadcast
d = 97
97 light years
Part 2 of 3
Since the radio signal travels in all directions, it
expanded as a sphere with a radius equal to the
distance it has traveled so far. To determine the
number of star systems this signal has reached, we
need to determine the volume of that sphere.
V, =
Vb…
Chapter 18 Solutions
Loose Leaf For Explorations: Introduction To Astronomy
Ch. 18 - Why do astronomers think that the Universe is...Ch. 18 - What is meant by the age of the Universe? How old...Ch. 18 - Prob. 3QFRCh. 18 - What is Olbers paradox?Ch. 18 - Prob. 5QFRCh. 18 - Prob. 6QFRCh. 18 - Prob. 7QFRCh. 18 - Prob. 8QFRCh. 18 - Prob. 9QFRCh. 18 - Prob. 10QFR
Ch. 18 - Prob. 11QFRCh. 18 - Prob. 12QFRCh. 18 - Prob. 13QFRCh. 18 - Prob. 14QFRCh. 18 - Prob. 15QFRCh. 18 - Prob. 16QFRCh. 18 - Prob. 17QFRCh. 18 - Prob. 18QFRCh. 18 - Prob. 19QFRCh. 18 - Prob. 20QFRCh. 18 - Prob. 1TQCh. 18 - Prob. 2TQCh. 18 - Prob. 3TQCh. 18 - Prob. 4TQCh. 18 - Prob. 5TQCh. 18 - Prob. 6TQCh. 18 - Prob. 7TQCh. 18 - Why are there points below the green line (instead...Ch. 18 - Prob. 9TQCh. 18 - Until recently, experimental results for the...Ch. 18 - The temperature of Universe at recombination was...Ch. 18 - Prob. 3PCh. 18 - Prob. 4PCh. 18 - The temperature of the Universe at recombination...Ch. 18 - One second after the Big Bang, the density of the...Ch. 18 - Prob. 7PCh. 18 - Prob. 8PCh. 18 - Prob. 1TYCh. 18 - Prob. 2TYCh. 18 - Prob. 3TYCh. 18 - Which of the following statements about the first...Ch. 18 - Prob. 5TYCh. 18 - Prob. 6TYCh. 18 - Prob. 7TYCh. 18 - Prob. 8TYCh. 18 - Prob. 9TYCh. 18 - Prob. 1EQFRCh. 18 - Prob. 2EQFRCh. 18 - Prob. 3EQFRCh. 18 - Prob. 4EQFRCh. 18 - Prob. 5EQFRCh. 18 - Prob. 6EQFRCh. 18 - Prob. 7EQFRCh. 18 - Prob. 8EQFRCh. 18 - Prob. 9EQFRCh. 18 - What is meant by the Gaia hypothesis?Ch. 18 - Prob. 11EQFRCh. 18 - Prob. 1ETQCh. 18 - Prob. 2ETQCh. 18 - Prob. 3ETQCh. 18 - Prob. 4ETQCh. 18 - Prob. 5ETQCh. 18 - Prob. 6ETQCh. 18 - Prob. 7ETQCh. 18 - Prob. 8ETQCh. 18 - Prob. 1EPCh. 18 - Prob. 2EPCh. 18 - Prob. 3EPCh. 18 - Prob. 4EPCh. 18 - Prob. 5EPCh. 18 - Prob. 6EPCh. 18 - Prob. 1ETYCh. 18 - Prob. 2ETYCh. 18 - Prob. 3ETYCh. 18 - Prob. 4ETYCh. 18 - Prob. 5ETYCh. 18 - Prob. 6ETYCh. 18 - Prob. 7ETY
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- Tutorial A radio broadcast left Earth in 1925. How far in light years has it traveled? If there is, on average, 1 star system per 400 cubic light years, how many star systems has this broadcast reached? Assume that the fraction of these star systems that have planets is 0.30 and that, in a given planetary system, the average number of planets that have orbited in the habitable zone for 4 billion years is 0.85. How many possible planets with life could have heard this signal? Part 1 of 3 To figure out how many light years a signal has traveled we need to know how long since the signal left Earth. If the signal left in 1925, distance in light years = time since broadcast left Earth. d = tnow - tbroadcast d = light years Submit Skip (you cannot come back)arrow_forwardIn a globular cluster, astronomers (someday) discover a star with the same mass as our Sun, but consisting entirely of hydrogen and helium. Is this star a good place to point our SETI antennas and search for radio signals from an advanced civilization? Group of answer choices No, because such a star (and any planets around it) would not have the heavier elements (carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, etc.) that we believe are necessary to start life as we know it. Yes, because globular clusters are among the closest star clusters to us, so that they would be easy to search for radio signals. Yes, because we have already found radio signals from another civilization living near a star in a globular cluster. No, because such a star would most likely not have a stable (main-sequence) stage that is long enough for a technological civilization to develop. Yes, because such a star is probably old and a technological civilization will have had a long time to evolve and develop there.arrow_forwardA radio broadcast left Earth in 1911. How far in light years has it traveled? If there is, on average, 1 star system per 400 cubic light years, how many star systems has this broadcast reached? Assume that the fraction of these star systems that have planets is 0.50 and that, in a given planetary system, the average number of planets that have orbited in the habitable zone for 4 billion years is 0.20. How many possible planets with life could have heard this signal?arrow_forward
- Why is traveling between the stars (by creatures like us) difficult?arrow_forwardWhat are some answers to the Fermi paradox? Can you think of some that are not discussed in this chapter?arrow_forwardWould a human have been possible during the first generation of stars that formed right after the Big Bang? Why or why not?arrow_forward
- In this chapter, we identify these characteristic properties of life: life extracts energy from its environment, and has a means of encoding and replicating information in order to make faithful copies of itself. Does this definition fully capture what we think of as “life”? How might our definition be biased by our terrestrial environment?arrow_forwardWhat are the advantages to using radio waves for communication between civilizations that live around different stars? List as many as you can.arrow_forwardWhy does the Drake equation implicitly assume the Copernican Principle?arrow_forward
- Which of the following is not considered a likely solution to the question of why we are not currently aware of an extraterrestrial civilization? Group of answer choices There is no civilization because civilizations are not common. The civilization is probably undetectable to us because it makes use of technologies that do not obey the known laws of physics. There is no galactic civilization because civilizations do not leave their home worlds. There is no civilization because most civilizations destroy themselves before achieving interstellar travel. The civilization is deliberately avoiding contact with us.arrow_forward18. An intelligent alien living on a planet in the solar system orbiting Alpha Centauri, the nearest star system to our Solar System in the Milky Way Galaxy, receives radio signals from Earth traveling at 186,421 miles/hour. The signal asks if the Alien likes McDonald Burgers. How long, in years, would it take for an Earthling to receive the answer back, Yes! (The distance from Earth to Alpha Centauri = 4.367 light years away, 1 light year = 6.0 x 10" miles, and 1 year = 365.2422 days) 12arrow_forwardRead the Blitzer Bonus attached herewith. The future is now: You have the opportunity to explore the cosmos in a starship traveling near the speed of light. The experience will enable you to understand the mysteries of the universe in deeply personal ways, transporting you to unimagined levels of knowing and being. The downside: You return from your two-year journey to a futuristic world in which friends and loved ones are long gone. Do you explore space or stay here on Earth? What are the reasons for your choice?arrow_forward
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