Loose Leaf For Explorations: Introduction To Astronomy
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781260432145
Author: Thomas T Arny, Stephen E Schneider Professor
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Question
Chapter 18, Problem 19QFR
To determine
The factor that determines whether the Universe will expand forever or recollapse and explain what is critical density.
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Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
The matter density in the Universe today
is Pm = -27 kg m-3. What would
2.7 x 10
be the value of the density parameter,
2o, if the Hubble constant had the value
Ho = 38 km/s/Mpc? Assume the Universe
does not contain dark energy and choose
the option below that best matches your
answer.
Select one:
O a.
0.1
O b. 2.
О с.
1.
O d. 0.7
О е.
0.5
Consider a universe in which the Hubble
constant has been measured to have the
value Ho = 50 km/s/Mpc. Estimate the age
of this universe, assuming the recession
velocities between pairs of galaxies do
not vary with time, and express your
answer in units of Gyr. Choose the option
below that most closely matches your
answer.
Select one:
O a.
24.2
O b. 10.5
O C.
36.1
O d. 19.6
е.
15.8
The figure below is based on an assumed Hubble constant of 70 km/s/Mpc. How would you change the diagram to fit a Hubble constant of 50 km/s/Mpc?
If the evolution of the universe were
determined only by gravity, then its
fate would be linked to its geometry.
Open
Negligible normal matter
Flat
Closed
14
9.5
Past Future
Time
Billion years ago
Now
The slope of the "negligible normal matter" line would be ---Select---
C and cross the time axis ---Select---
O than 14 billion years ago. The curved line separating the open and closed
universe regions would cross the time axis
O than 9.5 billion years ago.
---Select---
Scale of the universe, R
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Chapter 18 Solutions
Loose Leaf For Explorations: Introduction To Astronomy
Ch. 18 - Why do astronomers think that the Universe is...Ch. 18 - What is meant by the age of the Universe? How old...Ch. 18 - Prob. 3QFRCh. 18 - What is Olbers paradox?Ch. 18 - Prob. 5QFRCh. 18 - Prob. 6QFRCh. 18 - Prob. 7QFRCh. 18 - Prob. 8QFRCh. 18 - Prob. 9QFRCh. 18 - Prob. 10QFR
Ch. 18 - Prob. 11QFRCh. 18 - Prob. 12QFRCh. 18 - Prob. 13QFRCh. 18 - Prob. 14QFRCh. 18 - Prob. 15QFRCh. 18 - Prob. 16QFRCh. 18 - Prob. 17QFRCh. 18 - Prob. 18QFRCh. 18 - Prob. 19QFRCh. 18 - Prob. 20QFRCh. 18 - Prob. 1TQCh. 18 - Prob. 2TQCh. 18 - Prob. 3TQCh. 18 - Prob. 4TQCh. 18 - Prob. 5TQCh. 18 - Prob. 6TQCh. 18 - Prob. 7TQCh. 18 - Why are there points below the green line (instead...Ch. 18 - Prob. 9TQCh. 18 - Until recently, experimental results for the...Ch. 18 - The temperature of Universe at recombination was...Ch. 18 - Prob. 3PCh. 18 - Prob. 4PCh. 18 - The temperature of the Universe at recombination...Ch. 18 - One second after the Big Bang, the density of the...Ch. 18 - Prob. 7PCh. 18 - Prob. 8PCh. 18 - Prob. 1TYCh. 18 - Prob. 2TYCh. 18 - Prob. 3TYCh. 18 - Which of the following statements about the first...Ch. 18 - Prob. 5TYCh. 18 - Prob. 6TYCh. 18 - Prob. 7TYCh. 18 - Prob. 8TYCh. 18 - Prob. 9TYCh. 18 - Prob. 1EQFRCh. 18 - Prob. 2EQFRCh. 18 - Prob. 3EQFRCh. 18 - Prob. 4EQFRCh. 18 - Prob. 5EQFRCh. 18 - Prob. 6EQFRCh. 18 - Prob. 7EQFRCh. 18 - Prob. 8EQFRCh. 18 - Prob. 9EQFRCh. 18 - What is meant by the Gaia hypothesis?Ch. 18 - Prob. 11EQFRCh. 18 - Prob. 1ETQCh. 18 - Prob. 2ETQCh. 18 - Prob. 3ETQCh. 18 - Prob. 4ETQCh. 18 - Prob. 5ETQCh. 18 - Prob. 6ETQCh. 18 - Prob. 7ETQCh. 18 - Prob. 8ETQCh. 18 - Prob. 1EPCh. 18 - Prob. 2EPCh. 18 - Prob. 3EPCh. 18 - Prob. 4EPCh. 18 - Prob. 5EPCh. 18 - Prob. 6EPCh. 18 - Prob. 1ETYCh. 18 - Prob. 2ETYCh. 18 - Prob. 3ETYCh. 18 - Prob. 4ETYCh. 18 - Prob. 5ETYCh. 18 - Prob. 6ETYCh. 18 - Prob. 7ETY
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Assume the average density of the universe is 0.1 of the critical density needed for closure. What is the average number of protons per cubic meter, assuming the universe is composed mostly of hydrogen?arrow_forwardExplain what we mean when we call the universe homogeneous and isotropic. Would you say that the distribution of elephants on Earth is homogeneous and isotropic? Why?arrow_forwardThere is still some uncertainty in the Hubble constant. (a) Current estimates range from about 19.9 km/s per million light-years to 23 km/s per million light-years. Assume that the Hubble constant has been constant since the Big Bang. What is the possible range in the ages of the universe? Use the equation in the text, T0=1H , and make sure you use consistent units. (b) Twenty years ago, estimates for the Hubble constant ranged from 50 to 100 km/s per Mps. What are the possible ages for the universe from those values? Can you rule out some of these possibilities on the basis of other evidence?arrow_forward
- What does the term Hubble time mean in cosmology, and what is the current best calculation for the Hubble time?arrow_forwardCan an elliptical galaxy evolve into a spiral? Explain your answer. Can a spiral turn into an elliptical? How?arrow_forwardWhy cant an open universe have a center? How can a closed universe not have a center?arrow_forward
- 1. If a galaxy is 9.1 Mpc away from Earth and recedes at 511 km/s, what is H0 (in km/s/Mpc)? 2. What is the Hubble time (in yr)? 3. How old (in yr) would the universe be, assuming space-time is flat and the expansion of the universe has not been accelerating?arrow_forward) what are some fundamental properties of late type galaxies that our theories of galaxy formation must reproduce? 2.) what are some fundamental properties of early type galaxies that our theories of galaxy formation must reproduce?arrow_forwardHubble's First Attempt. Edwin Hubble's first attempt to measure the universe's expansion rate was flawed because the standard candles he was using were not properly calibrated. Look at (Figure 1) a.Estimate the value of Ho corresponding to the solid line in the figure. Express your answer kilometers per second per million light-years to two significant figures. b.What is the approximate age of the universe indicated by that erroneous value of Ho? Express your answer in years to one significant figure.arrow_forward
- If a galaxy is 9.0 Mpc away from Earth and recedes at 488 km/s, what is H0 (in km/s/Mpc)? km/s/Mpc What is the Hubble time (in yr)? years How old (in yr) would the universe be, assuming space-time is flat and the expansion of the universe has not been accelerating? How would acceleration change your answer? A.If the expansion of the Universe has been accelerating, the Universe could be substantially younger than the value entered above. BIf the expansion of the Universe has been accelerating, the Universe could be substantially older than the value entered above.arrow_forwardDescribe what is meant by Olbers’ paradox. Explain how it is solved by our modern understanding of the Universe.arrow_forwardThe figure below shows the spectra of two galaxies A and B. Please can i get help with this questions below: 1. Which of these galaxies has ongoing star formation? How can you tell?2. One of these galaxies has Hubble type E3 while the other is SBb. Which is which? What does the 3 inE3 tell you about the galaxy? What does the SB in SBb tell you about the galaxy?3. What effects would dust have on the two spectra?4. Which galaxy would you expect to have more far-infrared emission? Explarrow_forward
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