Physical Universe
16th Edition
ISBN: 9780077862619
Author: KRAUSKOPF, Konrad B. (konrad Bates), Beiser, Arthur
Publisher: Mcgraw-hill Education,
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Question
Chapter 18, Problem 21E
To determine
The average speed of the ions emitted during solar storm.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
a.Calculate the mass loss rate of the Sun M˙ due to the solar wind flow. Assume averageproperties of the solar wind of number density 6 protons cm−3, and a flow speed of 450 kms−1. Express your answer in units of both kg per year, and solar masses per year.
b.Suppose the solar wind flow is perfectly radial. Calculate the expected rate of change ofsolar rotation frequency dω/dt at the present time, based on conservation of angular momentum. Give your answer in units of rad s−1 y−1(i.e., radians per second per year) and alsoin terms of fractional change per year, i.e., 1/ωdω/dt .Use a current solar rotation period of P = 25.38 days to calculate the current angularfrequency of rotation ω. The moment of inertia of a uniform sphere is 2/5 MR2. You canassume that the radius of the Sun is approximately constant, and the change in its momentof inertia due to the solar wind is only due to the mass loss.
c.By observing the rotation period of stars similar to the Sun, it is inferred that their…
The radio galaxy Cygnus A possesses a lobe of plasma that is detected by both radio
and X-ray observatories. The temperature of the X-ray-emitting plasma is 4 keV and the
number density of the particles in the plasma is 4x10 m-3. Assume that the plasma is
composed solely of completely ionized hydrogen, so the number densities of protons and
electrons per cubic meter are identical.
* the given number density of particles corresponds to the number density of hydrogen nuclei, so you
can safely assume that the number density of electrons is equivalent to this number density
a) Compute the time in seconds between collisions between electrons and ions in the plasma.
b) Compute the ratio of the time in seconds between collisions to the age of the Universe (13.7
billion years, where 1 year = 3.15x107 s). Therefore, how many collisions has a typical elec-
tron experienced with a proton in this plasma during the lifetime of the Universe?
c) Compute the mean free path in meters traveled by the…
Midterm
G Which of the following cc
locs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAlpQLSehenyKBfzpwA6Ba1LyJILHfOLpHNWF
menian America...
yyyyyyyyyu E Untitled document -.
Alpha particles are
electrons
helium nuclei
negative
neutral
When an elecuon
moves
Chapter 18 Solutions
Physical Universe
Ch. 18 - Prob. 1MCCh. 18 - Prob. 2MCCh. 18 - Prob. 3MCCh. 18 - Prob. 4MCCh. 18 - Prob. 5MCCh. 18 - Prob. 6MCCh. 18 - Prob. 7MCCh. 18 - Prob. 8MCCh. 18 - Prob. 9MCCh. 18 - Prob. 10MC
Ch. 18 - Prob. 11MCCh. 18 - Prob. 12MCCh. 18 - Prob. 13MCCh. 18 - Prob. 14MCCh. 18 - Prob. 15MCCh. 18 - Prob. 16MCCh. 18 - If we know both the luminosity and brightness of a...Ch. 18 - Prob. 18MCCh. 18 - Prob. 19MCCh. 18 - Prob. 20MCCh. 18 - Prob. 21MCCh. 18 - Prob. 22MCCh. 18 - Prob. 23MCCh. 18 - Prob. 24MCCh. 18 - Prob. 25MCCh. 18 - Prob. 26MCCh. 18 - Prob. 27MCCh. 18 - Prob. 28MCCh. 18 - Prob. 29MCCh. 18 - Prob. 30MCCh. 18 - Prob. 31MCCh. 18 - Prob. 32MCCh. 18 - Prob. 33MCCh. 18 - Prob. 34MCCh. 18 - Prob. 35MCCh. 18 - Prob. 36MCCh. 18 - Prob. 37MCCh. 18 - Prob. 38MCCh. 18 - Prob. 39MCCh. 18 - Black holes are remnants of a. stars with small...Ch. 18 - Prob. 1ECh. 18 - Prob. 2ECh. 18 - Prob. 3ECh. 18 - Prob. 4ECh. 18 - Prob. 5ECh. 18 - Prob. 6ECh. 18 - Prob. 7ECh. 18 - Prob. 8ECh. 18 - Prob. 9ECh. 18 - Prob. 10ECh. 18 - Prob. 11ECh. 18 - Prob. 12ECh. 18 - Prob. 13ECh. 18 - Prob. 14ECh. 18 - Prob. 15ECh. 18 - Prob. 16ECh. 18 - Prob. 17ECh. 18 - Prob. 18ECh. 18 - Prob. 19ECh. 18 - Prob. 20ECh. 18 - Prob. 21ECh. 18 - Prob. 22ECh. 18 - Prob. 23ECh. 18 - Prob. 24ECh. 18 - Prob. 25ECh. 18 - Prob. 26ECh. 18 - Prob. 27ECh. 18 - Prob. 28ECh. 18 - Prob. 29ECh. 18 - Prob. 30ECh. 18 - Prob. 31ECh. 18 - Prob. 32ECh. 18 - Prob. 33ECh. 18 - Prob. 34ECh. 18 - Prob. 35ECh. 18 - Prob. 36ECh. 18 - Prob. 37ECh. 18 - Prob. 38ECh. 18 - Prob. 39ECh. 18 - Prob. 40ECh. 18 - Prob. 41ECh. 18 - Prob. 42ECh. 18 - Prob. 43ECh. 18 - Prob. 44ECh. 18 - Prob. 45ECh. 18 - Prob. 46ECh. 18 - Prob. 47ECh. 18 - Prob. 48ECh. 18 - Prob. 49ECh. 18 - Prob. 50ECh. 18 - Prob. 51ECh. 18 - Prob. 52ECh. 18 - Prob. 53ECh. 18 - Prob. 54ECh. 18 - Prob. 55ECh. 18 - How large are black holes? Can any star evolve...Ch. 18 - Prob. 57ECh. 18 - Prob. 58E
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- The radio galaxy Cygnus A possesses a lobe of plasma that is detected by both radio and X-ray observatories. The temperature of the X-ray-emitting plasma is 4 keV and the number density of the particles in the plasma is 4x103 m-3. Assume that the plasma is composed solely of completely ionized hydrogen, so the number densities of protons and electrons per cubic meter are identical. * the given number density of particles corresponds to the number density of hydrogen nuclei, so you can safely assume that the number density of electrons is equivalent to this number density a) Compute the temperature of the plasma in Kelvin. b) Using the calculated temperature for the plasma, compute the mean velocity in meters per second of an electron within the plasma. c) Compute the Coulomb cross section in square meters for a collision between an electron and a proton in the plasma.arrow_forwardThe radio galaxy Cygnus A possesses a lobe of plasma that is detected by both radio and X-ray observatories. The temperature of the X-ray-emitting plasma is 4 keV and the number density of the particles in the plasma is 4x103 m-3. Assume that the plasma is composed solely of completely ionized hydrogen, so the number densities of protons and electrons per cubic meter are identical. * the given number density of particles corresponds to the number density of hydrogen nuclei, so you can safely assume that the number density of electrons is equivalent to this number density a) Compute the collision frequency in Hertz between electrons and ions in the plasma. b) Compute the Debye wavelength in meters of the plasma. c) Compute the plasma parameter of the plasma.arrow_forwardCan you solve the question? Given: - Power per unit area emitted at the solar surface = 6.41 x 10^7 W/m^2 - Total power radiated by the solar surface = 3.906 x10^26 watts - Solar power per unit area = 1381.465 W/m^2 - solar radius = 6.96 x 10^5 km - Mean distance from the sun to the Earth = 150 x 10^6 km - Earth radius = 6371 kmarrow_forward
- The sun produces energy via nuclear fusion at the rate of 4x10 J/s. Based on the proposed overall fusion equation, how long will the sun shine in years before it exhausts its hydrogen fuel? (Assume that there are 365 days in the average year.) Express your answer to one significant figure and include the appropriate units.arrow_forwardGive proper explanation The surface temperature of the Sun is about 5750 K. What is this temperature on the Fahrenheit scale?arrow_forwardThe Sun has a radius of about 700,000 km and a surface temperature of 5800 K. Assuming it is a perfect blackbody (an emissivity of 1), what is the rate of energy radiated (in W) from the surface of the Sun? (Hint: the surface area of a sphere is 4πR2; enter your answer in scientific notation, 1.23E12 means 1.23 * 1012).arrow_forward
- What is the vrms of hydrogen on the surface of the sun if its temperature is 5.36E3 degC? What is the vrms of hydrogen on the surface of the earth if its temperature is 21.2 degC?arrow_forwardAt a neutrino detection facility deep underground in an abandoned salt mine, a research team is making calculationson how muchof two materials they will need in order to line the inside of adetection tank. The detection tank is a large sphere with an interior radius of 45.55 ft±0.500in. The two materials needed are gold with a density of 19.33 g/cm3and titanium with a density of 0.1630 lbs/in3. On the interior, the titanium layer will be applied first and the gold on top of that. The researchers look to purchaseenough titaniumto apply a layer that covers the entire interior of the sphere and has a thickness of 1.335 cm±0.500cm. Theprice of titaniumis $29.00per kg. On top of the titanium, the researches need to apply a layer of gold that is 700.0 microns thick and coversthe entire interior of the tank. The price of gold is $2,035per oz. What is the percent error in your calculation of gold needed if you ignored the change in volume to the tank created by applying the titanium layer…arrow_forwardwhat is the rate that sun loose energy by radiation?Given the sun temperature is about 6000k and its radius is 6.95x10^5 kms ( answer shouild be in watts)arrow_forward
- B2. A spherical star is detected by an astronaut in a spacecraft at a distance z of 1.5×10¹2 kilometers. The star can be regarded as a blackbody with a temperature of 11,300 K. The radius r of the star is 3.5×106 kilometers. (a) Calculate the radiant exitance and the radiant intensity of the star. (b) Calculate the irradiance that can be detected by the astronaut. (c) The photodetector used by the astronaut in the spacecraft has a responsivity of 120 kV/W and an photosensitive area of 0.5 mm². Calculate the output voltage of the detector in the detection of the star. CAMINS +II+ Figure B2arrow_forwardUsing the given charge-to-mass ratios for electrons and protons, and knowing the magnitudes of their charges are equal, what is the ratio of the proton's mass to the electron's? (The charge-to-mass ratios for electrons and protons are −1.7588×1011 C/kg and 9.5788e7 C/kg , respectively. Note that since the charge-to-mass ratios are given to five-digit accuracy, your answer may differ from the accepted ratio. Round your answer to at least five significant figures.) Mp/Me =arrow_forwardEnergy generation in the Sun arises because hydrogen nuclei fuse to form helium nuclei. Write down the reactions involved in the proton-proton chain. State which reaction in the chain controls the rate at which the full set of reactions proceeds and explain why this is the case. Given that the solar luminosity is L = 3.8 × 1026 W, the combined mass of four protons is 6.690 × 10−27 kg and the mass of one helium nucleus is 6.643 × 10−27 kg, estimate the number of helium nuclei that have been generated inside the Sun over its 4.6 × 109 year life time.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations...PhysicsISBN:9781133939146Author:Katz, Debora M.Publisher:Cengage Learning
College PhysicsPhysicsISBN:9781305952300Author:Raymond A. Serway, Chris VuillePublisher:Cengage Learning
Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations...
Physics
ISBN:9781133939146
Author:Katz, Debora M.
Publisher:Cengage Learning
College Physics
Physics
ISBN:9781305952300
Author:Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille
Publisher:Cengage Learning