Modeling the Dynamics of Life: Calculus and Probability for Life Scientists
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780840064189
Author: Frederick R. Adler
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 1.7, Problem 9E
To determine
To rewrite the expression
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Module Code: MATH380202
3. (a) Let {} be a white noise process with variance σ2.
Define an ARMA(p,q) process {X} in terms of {+} and state (without proof)
conditions for {X} to be (i) weakly stationary and (ii) invertible.
Define what is meant by an ARIMA (p, d, q) process. Let {Y} be such an ARIMA(p, d, q)
process and show how it can also be represented as an ARMA process, giving the
AR and MA orders of this representation.
(b) The following tables show the first nine sample autocorrelations and partial auto-
correlations of X and Y₁ = VX+ for a series of n = 1095 observations. (Notice
that the notation in this part has no relationship with the notation in part (a) of
this question.)
Identify a model for this time series and obtain preliminary estimates for the pa-
rameters of your model.
X₁
= 15.51, s² = 317.43.
k
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Pk
0.981
0.974
0.968
akk 0.981 0.327
8
9
0.927
0.963 0.957 0.951 0.943 0.935
0.121 0.104 0.000 0.014 -0.067 -0.068 -0.012
Y₁ = VX : y = 0.03, s² = 11.48.
k
1…
Let G be a graph with n ≥ 2 vertices x1, x2, . . . , xn, and let A be the adjacency matrixof G. Prove that if G is connected, then every entry in the matrix A^n−1 + A^nis positive.
Module Code: MATH380202
1. (a) Define the terms "strongly stationary" and "weakly stationary".
Let {X} be a stochastic process defined for all t € Z. Assuming that {X+} is
weakly stationary, define the autocorrelation function (acf) Pk, for lag k.
What conditions must a process {X+) satisfy for it to be white noise?
(b) Let N(0, 1) for t€ Z, with the {+} being mutually independent. Which of
the following processes {X+} are weakly stationary for t> 0? Briefly justify your
answers.
i. Xt for all > 0.
ii. Xo~N(0,) and X₁ = 2X+-1+ &t for t > 0.
(c) Provide an expression for estimating the autocovariance function for a sample
X1,..., X believed to be from a weakly stationary process. How is the autocor-
relation function Pk then estimated, and a correlogram (or acf plot) constructed?
(d) Consider the weakly stationary stochastic process ✗+ = + + +-1+ +-2 where
{E} is a white noise process with variance 1. Compute the population autocorre-
lation function Pk for all k = 0, 1, ....
Chapter 1 Solutions
Modeling the Dynamics of Life: Calculus and Probability for Life Scientists
Ch. 1.2 - Identify the variables and parameters in the...Ch. 1.2 - Prob. 2ECh. 1.2 - Compute the values of the following functions at...Ch. 1.2 - Compute the values of the following functions at...Ch. 1.2 - Compute the values of the following functions at...Ch. 1.2 - Compute the values of the following functions at...Ch. 1.2 - Graph the given points and say which point does...Ch. 1.2 - Graph the given points and say which point does...Ch. 1.2 - Graph the given points and say which point does...Ch. 1.2 - Graph the given points and say which point does...
Ch. 1.2 - Evaluate the following functions at the given...Ch. 1.2 - Evaluate the following functions at the given...Ch. 1.2 - Prob. 13ECh. 1.2 - Prob. 14ECh. 1.2 - Prob. 15ECh. 1.2 - Prob. 16ECh. 1.2 - Prob. 17ECh. 1.2 - Prob. 18ECh. 1.2 - Prob. 19ECh. 1.2 - Prob. 20ECh. 1.2 - Prob. 21ECh. 1.2 - Prob. 22ECh. 1.2 - Prob. 23ECh. 1.2 - Prob. 24ECh. 1.2 - Prob. 25ECh. 1.2 - Find the inverses of each of the following...Ch. 1.2 - Prob. 27ECh. 1.2 - Prob. 28ECh. 1.2 - Prob. 29ECh. 1.2 - Graph each of the following functions and its...Ch. 1.2 - Graph each of the following functions and its...Ch. 1.2 - Graph each of the following functions and its...Ch. 1.2 - Prob. 33ECh. 1.2 - Find the compositions of the given functions....Ch. 1.2 - Prob. 35ECh. 1.2 - Prob. 36ECh. 1.2 - Prob. 37ECh. 1.2 - Prob. 38ECh. 1.2 - Prob. 39ECh. 1.2 - Prob. 40ECh. 1.2 - Prob. 41ECh. 1.2 - Prob. 42ECh. 1.2 - Prob. 43ECh. 1.2 - Prob. 44ECh. 1.2 - Prob. 45ECh. 1.2 - Prob. 46ECh. 1.2 - Prob. 47ECh. 1.2 - Prob. 48ECh. 1.2 - Prob. 49ECh. 1.2 - Prob. 50ECh. 1.2 - Prob. 51ECh. 1.2 - Prob. 52ECh. 1.2 - The following series of functional compositions...Ch. 1.2 - The following series of functional compositions...Ch. 1.2 - The following series of functional compositions...Ch. 1.2 - Prob. 56ECh. 1.2 - Prob. 57ECh. 1.2 - Prob. 58ECh. 1.2 - Prob. 59ECh. 1.2 - Prob. 60ECh. 1.2 - Prob. 61ECh. 1.2 - Prob. 62ECh. 1.2 - Prob. 63ECh. 1.2 - Prob. 64ECh. 1.2 - Prob. 65ECh. 1.2 - Prob. 66ECh. 1.2 - Prob. 67ECh. 1.2 - Prob. 68ECh. 1.2 - Prob. 69ECh. 1.2 - Prob. 70ECh. 1.3 - Prob. 1ECh. 1.3 - Prob. 2ECh. 1.3 - Prob. 3ECh. 1.3 - Prob. 4ECh. 1.3 - Prob. 5ECh. 1.3 - Prob. 6ECh. 1.3 - Prob. 7ECh. 1.3 - Prob. 8ECh. 1.3 - Prob. 9ECh. 1.3 - Prob. 10ECh. 1.3 - Prob. 11ECh. 1.3 - Prob. 12ECh. 1.3 - Prob. 13ECh. 1.3 - Prob. 14ECh. 1.3 - Prob. 15ECh. 1.3 - Prob. 16ECh. 1.3 - Prob. 17ECh. 1.3 - Prob. 18ECh. 1.3 - Prob. 19ECh. 1.3 - Prob. 20ECh. 1.3 - Prob. 21ECh. 1.3 - Prob. 22ECh. 1.3 - Prob. 23ECh. 1.3 - Prob. 24ECh. 1.3 - Prob. 25ECh. 1.3 - Prob. 26ECh. 1.3 - Prob. 27ECh. 1.3 - Prob. 28ECh. 1.3 - Prob. 29ECh. 1.3 - Prob. 30ECh. 1.3 - Prob. 31ECh. 1.3 - Prob. 32ECh. 1.3 - Find the mass in kilograms of the following...Ch. 1.3 - Prob. 34ECh. 1.3 - Change the units in the following functions, and...Ch. 1.3 - Prob. 36ECh. 1.3 - Prob. 37ECh. 1.3 - Prob. 38ECh. 1.3 - Prob. 39ECh. 1.3 - Prob. 40ECh. 1.3 - Prob. 41ECh. 1.3 - Prob. 42ECh. 1.3 - Prob. 43ECh. 1.3 - Prob. 44ECh. 1.3 - Prob. 45ECh. 1.3 - Prob. 46ECh. 1.3 - Prob. 47ECh. 1.3 - Prob. 48ECh. 1.3 - Prob. 49ECh. 1.3 - Prob. 50ECh. 1.4 - For the following lines, find the slopes between...Ch. 1.4 - Prob. 2ECh. 1.4 - Prob. 3ECh. 1.4 - Prob. 4ECh. 1.4 - Prob. 5ECh. 1.4 - Prob. 6ECh. 1.4 - Prob. 7ECh. 1.4 - Prob. 8ECh. 1.4 - Prob. 9ECh. 1.4 - Prob. 10ECh. 1.4 - Prob. 11ECh. 1.4 - Prob. 12ECh. 1.4 - Prob. 13ECh. 1.4 - Prob. 14ECh. 1.4 - Prob. 15ECh. 1.4 - Prob. 16ECh. 1.4 - Prob. 17ECh. 1.4 - Prob. 18ECh. 1.4 - Prob. 19ECh. 1.4 - Prob. 20ECh. 1.4 - Prob. 21ECh. 1.4 - Prob. 22ECh. 1.4 - Prob. 23ECh. 1.4 - Prob. 24ECh. 1.4 - Prob. 25ECh. 1.4 - Prob. 26ECh. 1.4 - Prob. 27ECh. 1.4 - Prob. 28ECh. 1.4 - Prob. 29ECh. 1.4 - Prob. 30ECh. 1.4 - Prob. 31ECh. 1.4 - Prob. 32ECh. 1.4 - Prob. 33ECh. 1.4 - Prob. 34ECh. 1.4 - Prob. 35ECh. 1.4 - Prob. 36ECh. 1.4 - Prob. 37ECh. 1.4 - Prob. 38ECh. 1.4 - Prob. 39ECh. 1.4 - Prob. 40ECh. 1.4 - Prob. 41ECh. 1.4 - Prob. 42ECh. 1.4 - The following data give the elevation of the...Ch. 1.4 - Prob. 44ECh. 1.4 - Prob. 45ECh. 1.4 - Prob. 46ECh. 1.4 - Prob. 47ECh. 1.4 - Prob. 48ECh. 1.4 - Prob. 49ECh. 1.4 - Prob. 50ECh. 1.4 - Prob. 51ECh. 1.4 - Prob. 52ECh. 1.4 - Prob. 53ECh. 1.4 - Prob. 54ECh. 1.4 - Prob. 55ECh. 1.4 - Prob. 56ECh. 1.4 - Prob. 57ECh. 1.4 - Prob. 58ECh. 1.4 - Prob. 59ECh. 1.4 - Prob. 60ECh. 1.5 - Write the updating function associated with each...Ch. 1.5 - Write the updating function associated with each...Ch. 1.5 - Write the updating function associated with each...Ch. 1.5 - Write the updating function associated with each...Ch. 1.5 - Compose the updating function associated with each...Ch. 1.5 - Compose the updating function associated with each...Ch. 1.5 - Prob. 7ECh. 1.5 - Prob. 8ECh. 1.5 - Prob. 9ECh. 1.5 - Prob. 10ECh. 1.5 - Prob. 11ECh. 1.5 - Prob. 12ECh. 1.5 - Prob. 13ECh. 1.5 - Prob. 14ECh. 1.5 - Prob. 15ECh. 1.5 - Prob. 16ECh. 1.5 - Prob. 17ECh. 1.5 - Prob. 18ECh. 1.5 - Prob. 19ECh. 1.5 - Prob. 20ECh. 1.5 - Prob. 21ECh. 1.5 - Prob. 22ECh. 1.5 - Prob. 23ECh. 1.5 - Prob. 24ECh. 1.5 - Prob. 25ECh. 1.5 - Prob. 26ECh. 1.5 - Prob. 27ECh. 1.5 - Prob. 28ECh. 1.5 - Prob. 29ECh. 1.5 - Prob. 30ECh. 1.5 - Use the formula for the solution to find the...Ch. 1.5 - Prob. 32ECh. 1.5 - Prob. 33ECh. 1.5 - Prob. 34ECh. 1.5 - Prob. 35ECh. 1.5 - Prob. 36ECh. 1.5 - Prob. 37ECh. 1.5 - Prob. 38ECh. 1.5 - Prob. 39ECh. 1.5 - Prob. 40ECh. 1.5 - Prob. 41ECh. 1.5 - Prob. 42ECh. 1.5 - Prob. 43ECh. 1.5 - Prob. 44ECh. 1.5 - Prob. 45ECh. 1.5 - Prob. 46ECh. 1.5 - Prob. 47ECh. 1.5 - Prob. 48ECh. 1.5 - Prob. 49ECh. 1.5 - Prob. 50ECh. 1.5 - Prob. 51ECh. 1.5 - Prob. 52ECh. 1.5 - Prob. 53ECh. 1.5 - Prob. 54ECh. 1.5 - Prob. 55ECh. 1.5 - Prob. 56ECh. 1.5 - Prob. 57ECh. 1.5 - Prob. 58ECh. 1.5 - Prob. 59ECh. 1.5 - Prob. 60ECh. 1.5 - Prob. 61ECh. 1.5 - Prob. 62ECh. 1.6 - The following steps are used to build a cobweb...Ch. 1.6 - Prob. 2ECh. 1.6 - Prob. 3ECh. 1.6 - Prob. 4ECh. 1.6 - Prob. 5ECh. 1.6 - Prob. 6ECh. 1.6 - Prob. 7ECh. 1.6 - Prob. 8ECh. 1.6 - Prob. 9ECh. 1.6 - Prob. 10ECh. 1.6 - Prob. 11ECh. 1.6 - Prob. 12ECh. 1.6 - Prob. 13ECh. 1.6 - Find the equilibria of the following discrete-time...Ch. 1.6 - Prob. 15ECh. 1.6 - Prob. 16ECh. 1.6 - Prob. 17ECh. 1.6 - Prob. 18ECh. 1.6 - Prob. 19ECh. 1.6 - Prob. 20ECh. 1.6 - Prob. 21ECh. 1.6 - Prob. 22ECh. 1.6 - Prob. 23ECh. 1.6 - Prob. 24ECh. 1.6 - Prob. 25ECh. 1.6 - Prob. 26ECh. 1.6 - Prob. 27ECh. 1.6 - Prob. 28ECh. 1.6 - Prob. 29ECh. 1.6 - Prob. 30ECh. 1.6 - Prob. 31ECh. 1.6 - Prob. 32ECh. 1.6 - Prob. 33ECh. 1.6 - Prob. 34ECh. 1.6 - Prob. 35ECh. 1.6 - Prob. 36ECh. 1.6 - Prob. 37ECh. 1.6 - Prob. 38ECh. 1.6 - Prob. 39ECh. 1.6 - Prob. 40ECh. 1.6 - Prob. 41ECh. 1.6 - Prob. 42ECh. 1.6 - Cobweb and find the equilibrium of the following...Ch. 1.6 - Prob. 44ECh. 1.6 - Prob. 45ECh. 1.6 - Prob. 46ECh. 1.6 - Prob. 47ECh. 1.6 - Prob. 48ECh. 1.6 - Prob. 49ECh. 1.6 - Prob. 50ECh. 1.7 - Prob. 1ECh. 1.7 - Prob. 2ECh. 1.7 - Prob. 3ECh. 1.7 - Prob. 4ECh. 1.7 - Prob. 5ECh. 1.7 - Prob. 6ECh. 1.7 - Prob. 7ECh. 1.7 - Prob. 8ECh. 1.7 - Prob. 9ECh. 1.7 - Prob. 10ECh. 1.7 - Prob. 11ECh. 1.7 - Prob. 12ECh. 1.7 - Prob. 13ECh. 1.7 - Prob. 14ECh. 1.7 - Prob. 15ECh. 1.7 - Prob. 16ECh. 1.7 - Prob. 17ECh. 1.7 - Use the laws of logs to rewrite the following if...Ch. 1.7 - Prob. 19ECh. 1.7 - Prob. 20ECh. 1.7 - Prob. 21ECh. 1.7 - Prob. 22ECh. 1.7 - Prob. 23ECh. 1.7 - Prob. 24ECh. 1.7 - Prob. 25ECh. 1.7 - Prob. 26ECh. 1.7 - Prob. 27ECh. 1.7 - Prob. 28ECh. 1.7 - Prob. 29ECh. 1.7 - Prob. 30ECh. 1.7 - Prob. 31ECh. 1.7 - Prob. 32ECh. 1.7 - Prob. 33ECh. 1.7 - Prob. 34ECh. 1.7 - Prob. 35ECh. 1.7 - Prob. 36ECh. 1.7 - Prob. 37ECh. 1.7 - Prob. 38ECh. 1.7 - Prob. 39ECh. 1.7 - Prob. 40ECh. 1.7 - Prob. 41ECh. 1.7 - Prob. 42ECh. 1.7 - Prob. 43ECh. 1.7 - Prob. 44ECh. 1.7 - Prob. 45ECh. 1.7 - Prob. 46ECh. 1.7 - Prob. 47ECh. 1.7 - Prob. 48ECh. 1.7 - Prob. 49ECh. 1.7 - Prob. 50ECh. 1.7 - Prob. 51ECh. 1.7 - Prob. 52ECh. 1.7 - Prob. 53ECh. 1.7 - Prob. 54ECh. 1.7 - Prob. 55ECh. 1.7 - Prob. 56ECh. 1.7 - Prob. 57ECh. 1.7 - Prob. 58ECh. 1.7 - Prob. 59ECh. 1.7 - Prob. 60ECh. 1.7 - Prob. 61ECh. 1.7 - Prob. 62ECh. 1.7 - Prob. 63ECh. 1.7 - Prob. 64ECh. 1.7 - Prob. 65ECh. 1.7 - Prob. 66ECh. 1.7 - Prob. 67ECh. 1.7 - Prob. 68ECh. 1.7 - Prob. 69ECh. 1.7 - Prob. 70ECh. 1.7 - Prob. 71ECh. 1.7 - Prob. 72ECh. 1.7 - Prob. 73ECh. 1.8 - Prob. 1ECh. 1.8 - Prob. 2ECh. 1.8 - Prob. 3ECh. 1.8 - Prob. 4ECh. 1.8 - Prob. 5ECh. 1.8 - Prob. 6ECh. 1.8 - Prob. 7ECh. 1.8 - Prob. 8ECh. 1.8 - Prob. 9ECh. 1.8 - Prob. 10ECh. 1.8 - Prob. 11ECh. 1.8 - Prob. 12ECh. 1.8 - Prob. 13ECh. 1.8 - Prob. 14ECh. 1.8 - Prob. 15ECh. 1.8 - Prob. 16ECh. 1.8 - Prob. 17ECh. 1.8 - Prob. 18ECh. 1.8 - Prob. 19ECh. 1.8 - Prob. 20ECh. 1.8 - Prob. 21ECh. 1.8 - Prob. 22ECh. 1.8 - Prob. 23ECh. 1.8 - Prob. 24ECh. 1.8 - Prob. 25ECh. 1.8 - Prob. 26ECh. 1.8 - Prob. 27ECh. 1.8 - Prob. 28ECh. 1.8 - Prob. 29ECh. 1.8 - Prob. 30ECh. 1.8 - Prob. 31ECh. 1.8 - Prob. 32ECh. 1.8 - Prob. 33ECh. 1.8 - Prob. 34ECh. 1.8 - Prob. 35ECh. 1.8 - Prob. 36ECh. 1.8 - Prob. 37ECh. 1.8 - Prob. 38ECh. 1.8 - Prob. 39ECh. 1.8 - Prob. 40ECh. 1.8 - Prob. 41ECh. 1.8 - Prob. 42ECh. 1.8 - Prob. 43ECh. 1.8 - Prob. 44ECh. 1.8 - Prob. 45ECh. 1.8 - Prob. 46ECh. 1.8 - Prob. 47ECh. 1.8 - Prob. 48ECh. 1.8 - Prob. 49ECh. 1.8 - Prob. 50ECh. 1.8 - Prob. 51ECh. 1.9 - Prob. 1ECh. 1.9 - Prob. 2ECh. 1.9 - Prob. 3ECh. 1.9 - Prob. 4ECh. 1.9 - Prob. 5ECh. 1.9 - Prob. 6ECh. 1.9 - Prob. 7ECh. 1.9 - Prob. 8ECh. 1.9 - Prob. 9ECh. 1.9 - Prob. 10ECh. 1.9 - Prob. 11ECh. 1.9 - Prob. 12ECh. 1.9 - Prob. 13ECh. 1.9 - Prob. 14ECh. 1.9 - Prob. 15ECh. 1.9 - Prob. 16ECh. 1.9 - Prob. 17ECh. 1.9 - Prob. 18ECh. 1.9 - Prob. 19ECh. 1.9 - Prob. 20ECh. 1.9 - Prob. 21ECh. 1.9 - Prob. 22ECh. 1.9 - Prob. 23ECh. 1.9 - Prob. 24ECh. 1.9 - Prob. 25ECh. 1.9 - Prob. 26ECh. 1.9 - Prob. 27ECh. 1.9 - Prob. 28ECh. 1.9 - Prob. 29ECh. 1.9 - Prob. 30ECh. 1.9 - Prob. 31ECh. 1.9 - Prob. 32ECh. 1.9 - Prob. 33ECh. 1.9 - Prob. 34ECh. 1.9 - Prob. 35ECh. 1.9 - Prob. 36ECh. 1.9 - Prob. 37ECh. 1.9 - Prob. 38ECh. 1.9 - Prob. 39ECh. 1.9 - Prob. 40ECh. 1.9 - Prob. 41ECh. 1.9 - Prob. 42ECh. 1.9 - Prob. 43ECh. 1.9 - Prob. 44ECh. 1.9 - Prob. 45ECh. 1.9 - Prob. 46ECh. 1.9 - Prob. 47ECh. 1.9 - Prob. 48ECh. 1.9 - Prob. 49ECh. 1.9 - Prob. 50ECh. 1.9 - Prob. 51ECh. 1.10 - A population consists of 200 red birds and 800...Ch. 1.10 - A population consists of 200 red birds and 800...Ch. 1.10 - A population consists of 200 red birds and 800...Ch. 1.10 - Prob. 4ECh. 1.10 - Prob. 5ECh. 1.10 - Prob. 6ECh. 1.10 - Prob. 7ECh. 1.10 - Prob. 8ECh. 1.10 - Prob. 9ECh. 1.10 - Prob. 10ECh. 1.10 - Prob. 11ECh. 1.10 - Prob. 12ECh. 1.10 - Prob. 13ECh. 1.10 - Prob. 14ECh. 1.10 - Prob. 15ECh. 1.10 - Prob. 16ECh. 1.10 - Prob. 17ECh. 1.10 - Prob. 18ECh. 1.10 - Prob. 19ECh. 1.10 - Prob. 20ECh. 1.10 - Prob. 21ECh. 1.10 - Prob. 22ECh. 1.10 - Prob. 23ECh. 1.10 - Prob. 24ECh. 1.10 - Prob. 25ECh. 1.10 - Prob. 26ECh. 1.10 - Prob. 27ECh. 1.10 - Prob. 28ECh. 1.10 - Prob. 29ECh. 1.10 - Prob. 30ECh. 1.10 - Prob. 31ECh. 1.10 - Prob. 32ECh. 1.10 - Prob. 33ECh. 1.10 - Prob. 34ECh. 1.10 - Prob. 35ECh. 1.10 - The model of selection studied in this section is...Ch. 1.10 - Prob. 37ECh. 1.10 - Prob. 38ECh. 1.10 - Prob. 39ECh. 1.10 - Prob. 40ECh. 1.10 - Prob. 41ECh. 1.10 - Prob. 42ECh. 1.10 - Prob. 43ECh. 1.10 - Prob. 44ECh. 1.10 - Prob. 45ECh. 1.10 - Prob. 46ECh. 1.10 - Prob. 47ECh. 1.10 - Prob. 48ECh. 1.10 - Prob. 49ECh. 1.11 - Prob. 1ECh. 1.11 - Prob. 2ECh. 1.11 - Prob. 3ECh. 1.11 - Prob. 4ECh. 1.11 - Prob. 5ECh. 1.11 - Prob. 6ECh. 1.11 - Prob. 7ECh. 1.11 - Prob. 8ECh. 1.11 - Prob. 9ECh. 1.11 - Prob. 10ECh. 1.11 - Prob. 11ECh. 1.11 - Prob. 12ECh. 1.11 - Prob. 13ECh. 1.11 - Prob. 14ECh. 1.11 - Prob. 15ECh. 1.11 - Prob. 16ECh. 1.11 - Prob. 17ECh. 1.11 - Prob. 18ECh. 1.11 - Prob. 19ECh. 1.11 - Prob. 20ECh. 1 - Suppose you have a culture of bacteria, where the...Ch. 1 - Prob. 2SPCh. 1 - Prob. 3SPCh. 1 - A lab has a culture of a new kind of bacteria...Ch. 1 - Prob. 5SPCh. 1 - Prob. 6SPCh. 1 - Prob. 7SPCh. 1 - Prob. 8SPCh. 1 - Prob. 9SPCh. 1 - Prob. 10SPCh. 1 - A person develops a small liver tumor. It grows...Ch. 1 - Prob. 12SPCh. 1 - Prob. 13SPCh. 1 - Prob. 14SPCh. 1 - Prob. 15SPCh. 1 - Prob. 16SPCh. 1 - Prob. 17SPCh. 1 - Prob. 18SPCh. 1 - Prob. 19SPCh. 1 - Prob. 20SPCh. 1 - Prob. 21SPCh. 1 - Prob. 22SPCh. 1 - Prob. 23SPCh. 1 - Prob. 24SPCh. 1 - Prob. 25SPCh. 1 - Prob. 26SPCh. 1 - Prob. 27SPCh. 1 - Prob. 28SPCh. 1 - Prob. 29SP
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