Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781305251052
Author: Michael Cummings
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 17, Problem 12QP
The Adaptive Immune Response Is a Specific Defense Against Infection
Describe the genetic basis of antibody diversity.
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Neutralizing antibodies are effective at preventing infection or toxicity mediated by pathogens or their toxic products. In fact, nearly all
vaccines currently in use function by eliciting neutralizing antibodies. One example is the tetanus vaccine, in which neutralizing
antibodies are generated against an inactivated form of the tetanus toxin (the tetanus toxoid). The most important feature of a
neutralizing antibody is
having high affinity for the antigen.
being efficient at activating the complement cascade.
having a high degree of multivalency, such as being a pentamer or hexamer of immunoglobulin monomers.
being present at a high concentration in the circulation.
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Describe the genetic basis of antibody diversity.
Herd immunity means that the entire population (not just those who are vaccinated) are protected from a disease. What is one way that herd immunity protects an unvaccinated person (such as an infant who is too young to be vaccinated or a person who is immunocompromised)?
Chapter 17 Solutions
Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 17.8 - One treatment for peanut allergies is to give an...Ch. 17.8 - Prob. 2EGCh. 17 - Prob. 1CSCh. 17 - The Joneses were referred to a clinical geneticist...Ch. 17 - The Inflammatory Response Is a General a. What...Ch. 17 - The Complement System Kills Microorganisms The...Ch. 17 - The Adaptive Immune Response Is a Specific Defense...Ch. 17 - Prob. 4QPCh. 17 - The Adaptive Immune Response Is a Specific Defense...Ch. 17 - Prob. 6QP
Ch. 17 - Prob. 7QPCh. 17 - The Adaptive Immune Response Is a Specific Defense...Ch. 17 - Prob. 9QPCh. 17 - The Adaptive Immune Response Is a Specific Defense...Ch. 17 - It is often helpful to draw a complicated pathway...Ch. 17 - The Adaptive Immune Response Is a Specific Defense...Ch. 17 - The Adaptive Immune Response Is a Specific Defense...Ch. 17 - Prob. 14QPCh. 17 - Prob. 15QPCh. 17 - Blood Types Are Determined by Cell-Surface...Ch. 17 - Prob. 17QPCh. 17 - Blood Types Are Determined by Cell-Surface...Ch. 17 - Prob. 19QPCh. 17 - Prob. 20QPCh. 17 - Prob. 21QPCh. 17 - Organ Transplants Must Be Immunologically A burn...Ch. 17 - Organ Transplants Must Be Immunologically In the...Ch. 17 - Organ Transplants Must Be Immunologically In the...Ch. 17 - Organ Transplants Must Be Immunologically A couple...Ch. 17 - Prob. 26QPCh. 17 - Disorders of the Immune System Antihistamines are...Ch. 17 - Disorders of the Immune System Autoimmune...Ch. 17 - Prob. 29QPCh. 17 - Prob. 30QPCh. 17 - Prob. 31QP
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- The Adaptive Immune Response Is a Specific Defense Against Infection Name the class of molecules that includes antibodies, and name the five groups that make up this class.arrow_forwardComplement proteins function in defense by _______. a. neutralizing toxins b. enhancing resident bacteria c. promoting inflammation d. forming pores that cause pathogens to disintegrate e. both a and b f. both c and darrow_forwardThe Adaptive Immune Response Is a Specific Defense Against Infection Identify the components of cellular immunity, and define their roles in the immune response.arrow_forward
- Describe antibody in your own words.arrow_forwardIn terms of a virus, how could injecting an mRNA sequence trigger an immune response. be sure to also explain how antibodies, antigens, t cells, b cells, and immune memory work within this situation.arrow_forwardDescribe the term "in-frame" and also the reason that it would be necessary for the generation of diversity in antigen receptors.arrow_forward
- An antibody consists of four protein chains, two______chains and two_______ chains. Each is composed of a(n)_______ region and a(n)______region. The_______ regions form the binding site for antigens.arrow_forwardDescribe how using cells is an important link between the innate immunity and adaptive immunity is formed. Please explain and make some examples.arrow_forwardExplain about antibody -its structure and significancearrow_forward
- Describe 1 aspect that lead to antibody diversityarrow_forwardBefore the mechanism for generating antibody diversity had been established, a mechanism based on protein folding around an antigen was proposed, primarily by Linus Pauling. In this model, antibodies that had different specificities had the same amino acid sequence but were folded in different ways. Propose a test of this model.arrow_forwardDraw the general structure of an antibody and list the different classes as well as their abundancearrow_forward
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