Integrated Science
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780077862602
Author: Tillery, Bill W.
Publisher: Mcgraw-hill,
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Chapter 16, Problem 7PEA
To determine
The change in the height (thickness) of crust above the mantle.
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The average elevation of Arabian peninsula (freeboard) is f=400 m. Considering that the oceanic crust is h=5 km of thickness and the sea average depth is D= 3700 m. (pc=2700 kg/m3, po=3000 kg/m3, pm=3300 kg/m3 pw=1000 kg/m3) What is the thickness H of the continental crust. B. If the Musandam has an average elevation of 800 m. How much is the thickness below Musandam considering stacking of sedimentary layers and not erosion.
Earth's mass ia 6x10^24 kg and its radius is 6.4x10^6 m.
What is the average mass density of Earth?
The density of the rocks compromising Earth's outermost layer (its "crust") ranges from 2000 to 3500 kg/m ^3.
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Given the density of iron as 7800 kg/m 3 , and the Earth radius is 6.38 x 10 6 m, if 55% of the Earth's volume is filled with Iron, and 45% is filled with rocks that has a density of 2600 kg/m 3 , what is the total mass of the Earth?
Chapter 16 Solutions
Integrated Science
Ch. 16.1 - Prob. 1SCCh. 16.2 - Prob. 2SCCh. 16.2 - Prob. 3SCCh. 16.2 - Prob. 4SCCh. 16.3 - Prob. 5SCCh. 16.3 - Prob. 6SCCh. 16.3 - Prob. 7SCCh. 16.4 - Prob. 8SCCh. 16.5 - Prob. 9SCCh. 16.5 - Prob. 10SC
Ch. 16.5 - Prob. 11SCCh. 16.5 - Prob. 12SCCh. 16 - Prob. 1CQCh. 16 - Prob. 2CQCh. 16 - Prob. 3CQCh. 16 - Prob. 4CQCh. 16 - Prob. 5CQCh. 16 - Prob. 6CQCh. 16 - Prob. 7CQCh. 16 - Prob. 8CQCh. 16 - Prob. 9CQCh. 16 - Prob. 10CQCh. 16 - Prob. 11CQCh. 16 - Prob. 12CQCh. 16 - Prob. 13CQCh. 16 - Prob. 14CQCh. 16 - Prob. 15CQCh. 16 - Prob. 16CQCh. 16 - Prob. 17CQCh. 16 - Prob. 18CQCh. 16 - Prob. 19CQCh. 16 - Prob. 20CQCh. 16 - Prob. 21CQCh. 16 - Prob. 22CQCh. 16 - Prob. 23CQCh. 16 - Prob. 24CQCh. 16 - Prob. 25CQCh. 16 - Prob. 26CQCh. 16 - Prob. 27CQCh. 16 - Prob. 28CQCh. 16 - Compare the energy released by a small atomic bomb...Ch. 16 - Prob. 2PEACh. 16 - Prob. 3PEACh. 16 - Prob. 4PEACh. 16 - Prob. 5PEACh. 16 - Prob. 6PEACh. 16 - Prob. 7PEACh. 16 - Prob. 8PEACh. 16 - Prob. 9PEACh. 16 - Prob. 10PEACh. 16 - Prob. 1PEBCh. 16 - Prob. 2PEBCh. 16 - Prob. 3PEBCh. 16 - Prob. 4PEBCh. 16 - Prob. 5PEBCh. 16 - Prob. 6PEBCh. 16 - Prob. 7PEBCh. 16 - Prob. 8PEBCh. 16 - Prob. 9PEBCh. 16 - Prob. 10PEB
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- Earth's surface area is 5.10x10^8 km^2 .Earth's crust has a thickness (or depth) of 35 km and density 2.8 g/cm^3 for earth's crust. d) Silicon's concentration in earth's crust is 2.72x105grams/ton. Calculate the mass of silicon (in grams) present in earth's crust.arrow_forwardThe figure shows, not to scale, a cross section through the interior of Earth. Rather than being uniform throughout, Earth is divided into three zones: an outer crust, a mantle, and an inner core. The dimensions of these zones and the masses contained within them are shown on the figure. Earth has a total mass of 5.98 x 1024 kg and a radius of 6370 km. Ignore rotation and assume that Earth is spherical. (a) Calculate ag at the surface. (b) Suppose that a bore hole (the Mohole) is driven to the crust-mantle interface at a depth of 25.0 km; what would be the value of ag at the bottom of the hole? (c) Suppose that Earth were a uniform sphere with the same total mass and size. What would be the value of ag at a depth of 25.0 km? (Precise measurements of ag are sensitive probes of the interior structure of Earth, although results can be clouded by local variations in mass distribution.) 6345 km (a) Number (b) Number 25 km Number i 3490 km -Core, 1.93 x 1024 kg Mantle, 4.01 × 1024 kg Crust,…arrow_forwardA11 Consider linear flow through a core length L with cross sectional area equal to A. Assume that flow through the core can be modeled as flow through ncapillary tubes of radius r and length L. Show that; k = 4.04 x 10^6 x Φ x r^2 where Φ denotes porosity, and k denotes permeability in Darcies.arrow_forward
- The Richter Soale is a simple equation for measuring intensity of an earthquake, according to the formula R=log(I), where I is Intensity of an earthquake and Ris the Richter scale rating. The largest earthquake in the year 2006 was in the ocean that was recorded as an 8.3 on the Richter Scale. The most devastating earthquake was in a major city that registered 6.6 on the Richter Scale. How many times more intense was the quake in the ocean? a) The intensity of the 8.3 earthquake was: You can write it as a power of 10 b) The intensity of the 6.6 earthquake was: FYou can write it as a power of 10} c) The quake in the ocean was times more intense than the one in the city. (Round to 3 decimal places.)arrow_forwardIf the Richter scale is altered so that it compares energy released instead of intensity, the definition of the scale becomes M2 - M1 = LOG31 (E2 / E1). a) If the magnitude of an earthquake is increased by 1 on the scale, by what factor is the energy released multiplied? b) What is the magnitude of an earthquake that releases 200 times the energy of an earthquake with magnitude 4.5? c) How many times greater is the energy released from an earthquake with magnitude 9.0 than that of an earthquake with magnitude 6.5?arrow_forward5. The "iceberg analogy" for the isostatic equilibrium of the continental crust turns out to be quite the relative density of icebergs versus seawater is close to the relative density of continental crust versus mantle. Glacial ice is about 15% less dense than seawater; likewise continental crust is about 15% less dense than the mantle. This leads to a simple rule that we can call the 1-to-8 rule: for every 1 unit of extra elevation for an iceberg or a mountain belt, there need to be 8 units of total thickness. These iceberg examples illustrate the idea: an iceberg 3 meters above sea level is 24 meters thick an iceberg 1 meter above sea level is 8 meters thick an iceberg 2 meters above sea level is 16 meters thick 3m 2m water level 1m >7m 14m 21m For the following questions, apply the 1-to-8 rule, assuming continental crust in isostatic equilibrium. a. Continental crust at sea level averages about 35 kilometers thick. (1 km = 0.6 miles.) Therefore, in general, how thick must the crust…arrow_forward
- A recent magnitude 6.0 Earthquake was recorded. Earthquakes represent a release of energy as a result of the earth's tectonic plates. a) Determine the amount of energy released in ergs. b) Determine the energy release in Joules. ( Hint use the earthquake formula M = 2/3 log (E/ 10^11.8); where M is the earthquake magnitude and E is the energy of the earthquake in ergs (recall 1 erg = 10^-7 Joules)).arrow_forwardThe distortion of the earth's crust is an example of sheer on a large scale. A particular rock has a sheer modulus of \(1.2 x108 Pa (N/m² ) \)(Shear Modulus, S). what shear distance (Ax) can a 473011N/m2 of shear stress can create when it is applied to a 3km layer (h) of rock ) ? (Include the Sl unit in your answer.)arrow_forwardEarth's surface area is 5.10x10^8 km^2 .Earth's crust has a thickness (or depth) of 35 km and density 2.8 g/cm^3 for earth's crust. a) Calculate the volume of earth's crust in km^3 b) Express your answer from part (a) in cm^3 c) Calculate the mass of the crust tons (t) : 1 ton=1000kg d) Silicon's concentration in earth's crust is 2.72x105grams/ton. Calculate the mass of silicon (in grams) present in earth's crust.arrow_forward
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