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- Consider the cyclic process depicted in Figure P17.28. If Q is negative for the process BC and Eint is negative for the process CA, what are the signs of Q, W, and Eint that are associated with each of the three processes?arrow_forwardA car tile contains 0.0380 m3 of air at a pressure of 2.20105 Pa (about 32 psi). How much more internal energy does this gas have than the same volume has at zero gauge pressure (which is equivalent to normal atmospheric pressure)?arrow_forwardUse a PV diagram such as the one in Figure 22.2 (page 653) to figure out how you could modify an engine to increase the work done.arrow_forward
- A Carnot engine employs 1.5 mol of nitrogen gas as a working substance, which is considered as an ideal diatomic gas with =7.5 at the working temperatures of the engine. The Carnot cycle goes in the cycle ABCDA with AB being an isothermal expansion. The volume at points A and C of the cycle are 5.0103 m3 and 0.15 L, respectively. The engine operates between two thermal baths of temperature 500 K 300 K. (a) Find the values of volume at B and D. (b) How much heat is absorbed by the gas in the AB isothermal expansion? (c) How much work is done by the gas in the AB isothermal expansion? (d) How much heat is given up by the gas in the CD isothermal expansion? (e) How much work is done by the gas in the CD isothermal compression? (f) How much work is done by the gas in the BC adiabatic expansion? (g) How much work is done by the gas in the DA adiabatic compression? (h) Find the value of efficiency of the engine based on the net and heat input. Compare this value to the efficiency of a Carnot engine based on the temperatures of the baths.arrow_forwardAn ideal gas with specific heat ratio confined to a cylinder is put through a closed cycle. Initially, the gas is at Pi, Vi, and Ti. First, its pressure is tripled under constant volume. It then expands adiabatically to its original pressure and finally is compressed isobarically to its original volume. (a) Draw a PV diagram of this cycle. (b) Determine the volume at the end of the adiabatic expansion. Find (c) the temperature of the gas at the start of the adiabatic expansion and (d) the temperature at the end of the cycle. (e) What was the net work done on the gas for this cycle?arrow_forwardIn a cylinder, a sample of an ideal gas with number of moles n undergoes an adiabatic process. (a) Starting with the expression W=PdV and using the condition PV = constant, show that the work done on the gas is W=(11)(PfVfPiVi) (b) Starting with the first law of thermodynamics, show that the work done on the gas is equal to nCV(Tf Ti). (c) Are these two results consistent with each other? Explain.arrow_forward
- A car salesperson claims that a 300-hp engine is a necessary option in a compact car, in place of the conventional 130-hp engine. Suppose you intend to drive the car within speed limits ( 65 mi/h) on flat terrain. How would you counter this sales pitch?arrow_forwardAn ideal fluid is subjected to a thermodynamic process described by p=CV¯ª and P = np' where p is energy density and P is pressure. For what values of n and I the process is adiabatic if the volume is changed slowly?arrow_forwardTa Shown in the figure below is the cycle undergone by a Heat Pump. Your heat pump runs using 38.07 moles of monatomic Argon gas. At point a in the figure, the temperature is T₂ = 447 Kelvin and the pressure is Pa = 109000 Pascals. During the process a→b, the Volume of the system Doubles. P Cv = 12.471 Cp = 20.785 Y = 1.67 STATE a b с PROCESS a→b b→c c-a Total a P (Pa) 109000 2865.34 248720069 W (J) isothermal ✓ Joules/(mole. K); Joules/(mole K); 1.297 X 2.594 X 1.297 Qhot = Qcold = Performance Coefficient = Joules; Joules; b V (m³) Q (1) 447 447 AU (J) T (K) ✓ Xarrow_forward
- An engine consists of a constant volume process at 0.8 m3 from 136 kPa to 381 kPa, an isothermal expansion until the pressure drops to its original value, and a constant pressure process returning to its original pressure and volume. Calculate the efficiency of this process if the gas is ideal and diatomic. [Hints: 1. You need the volume at the end of the isothermal process. Find it easily with the ideal gas law! 2. For |QHl, add the energy inputs during the constant volume and iosthermal processes.]arrow_forwardShown in the figure below is the cycle undergone by a Refrigerator. Your refrigerator runs using 36.99 moles of diatomic Nitrogen gas. At point a in the figure, the temperature is Ta = 290 Kelvin and the pressure is Pa = 236000 Pascals. During the process a→b, the Pressure of the system Doubles. P Determine all the following: Cv Cp = y = = STATE a b с PROCESS a→b b→c isothermal c→a Total P (Pa) Joules/(mole. K); Joules/(mole. K); W (J) Qhot = Qcold = Performance Coefficient = V (m³) Joules Joules Q (¹) b a T (K) V AU (J)arrow_forwardA gas was taken through the cycle ABCA shown in the PV diagram below. The curve AB follows the equation PV=9200 where P in Pa and V in m3. On the figure below V1=6 m3 and P1=766.67 Pa. The internal energy at A equals that at B and twice that at C. The heat in J absorbed by the gas in the AB process equals: 28 C- B Viarrow_forward
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