Chapter 16, Problem 16.31E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The chemical reagent that is required for the conversion of aniline to its corresponding salt is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

Amines are defined as those organic compounds which are derived from ammonia. They are formed by the substitution of hydrogen atom of ammonia through alkyl or aryl groups.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The chemical reagent that is required for the conversion of primary amine to amide is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

Amides are formed by the substitution of hydroxyl group $\left(\text{-OH}\right)$ of carboxylic acid by an amine group $\left({\text{-NH}}_2\right)$. In amide functional group, the carbonyl carbon atom is connected to a nitrogen atom. The general formula of amide is ${\text{R-CO-NR}}_{\text{2}}^{\text{'}}$.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The chemical reagent that is required for the conversion of primary amine to its corresponding ammonium ion is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

Amines are defined as those organic compounds which are derived from ammonia. They are formed by the substitution of hydrogen atom of ammonia through alkyl or aryl groups.