Interpretation:
To fill
Concept Introduction:
Entropy
Gibbs free energy (G): The thermodynamic quantity to the (
Forward Reaction: This type of reaction has involved irreversible, if obtained product cannot be converted back in to respective reactants under the same conditions. Backward Reaction: This type of reaction process involved a reversible, if the products can be converted into a back to reactants.
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Chemistry: Atoms First
- When 7.11 g NH4NO3 is added to 100 mL water, the temperature of the calorimeter contents decreases from 22.1 C to 17.1 C. Assuming that the mixture has the same specific heat as water and a mass of 107 g, calculate the heat q. Is the dissolution of ammonium nitrate exothermic or endothermic?arrow_forwardFor the reaction BaCO3(s) BaO(s) + CO2(g), rG = +219.7 kJ/mol-rxn. Using this value and other data available in Appendix L, calculate the value of fG for BaCO3(s).arrow_forwardFor the reaction TiCl2(s) + Cl2(g) TiCl4(), rG = 272.8 kj/mol-txn. Using this value and other data available in Appendix L, calculate the value of fG for TiCl2(s).arrow_forward
- When one mol of KOH is neutralized by sulfuric acid, q=56 kJ. (This is called the heat of neutralization.) At 23.7C, 25.0 mL of 0.475 M H2SO4 is neutralized by 0.613 M KOH in a coffee-cup calorimeter. Assume that the specific heat of all solutions is 4.18J/gC, that the density of all solutions is 1.00 g/mL, and that volumes are additive. (a) How many mL of KOH is required to neutralize H2SO4? (b) What is the final temperature of the solution?arrow_forwardA piece of lead of mass 121.6 g was heated by an electrical coil. From the resistance of the coil, the current, and the Time the current flowed, it was calculated that 235 J of heat was added to the lead. The temperature of the lead rose from 20.4C to 35.5C. What is the specific heat of the lead?arrow_forwardInsoluble PbBr2(s) precipitates when solutions of Pb(NO3)2(aq) and NaBr(aq) are mixed. Pb(NO3)2(aq) + 2 NaBr(aq) PbBr2(s) + 2 NaNO3(aq) rH = ? To measure the enthalpy change, 200. mL. of 0.75 M Pb(NO3)2(aq) and 200. mL of 1.5 M NaBr(aq) are mixed in a coffee-cup calorimeter. The temperature of the mixture rises by 2.44 C. Calculate the enthalpy change for the precipitation of PbBr2(s), in kJ/mol. (Assume the density of the solution is 1.0 g/mL., and its specific heat capacity is 4.2 J/g K.)arrow_forward
- 9.83 A student performing a calorimetry experiment combined 100.0 mL of 0.50 M HCl and 100.0 mL of 0.50 M NaOH in a coffee cup calorimeter. Both solutions were initially at 20.0°C, but when the two were mixed, the temperature rose to 23.2°C. (a) Suppose the experiment is repeated in the same calorimeter but this time using 200 mL of 0.50 M HCl and 200.0 mL of 0.50 M NaOH. Will the T observed he greater than, less than, or equal to that in the first experiment, and why? (b) Suppose that the experiment is repeated once again in the same calorimeter, this time using 100 mL of 1.00 M HCl and 100.0 mL of 1.00 M NaOH. Will the T observed he greater than, less than, or equal to that in the first experiment, and why?arrow_forwardA piece of unknown solid substance weighs 437.2 g, and requires 8460 J to increase its temperature from 19.3 °C to 68.9 °C. (a) What is the specific heat of the substance? (b) If it is one of the substances found in Table 5.1, what is its likely identity?arrow_forwardShown below is a diagram depicting the enthalpy change of a chemical reaction run at constant pressure. a Is the reaction exothermic or endothermic? b What is the sign of H? c What is the sign of q? d If the reaction does no work, what is the sign of E for this process?arrow_forward
- For the next three questions, use the data given in the table to calculate the indicated thermodynamic values for the following reaction at 86°C: 2 C34H70 (s) + 103 O2 (g) ---> 68 CO2 (g) + 70 H20 (1) AH°F (kJ/mal) S° (J/mol-K) C34H70 (s) -744.14 1462.63 02 (g) 205.15 CO2 (g) -393.5 213.8 H20 (1) -285.83 69.95 (a) Calculate AH° in units of kJ. kJ (b) Calculate AS° in units of J/K. J/Karrow_forwardCalculate the AG°rxn using the following information. AG°xn = ? 4 HNO3(g) + 5 N2H¾(1) → 7 N2(g) + 12 H20(1) AG°† (kJ/mol) -73.5 149.3 -237.1 -312.9 kJ -3.298 x 103 kJ +2.845 x 103 kJ +110.7 kJ -954.7 kJarrow_forwardUse the molar DHf° under the formulas to calculate DH°rxn for the equations as balanced: 1. 2B2H6(g) + 3CO2(g) --> 2B2O3(s) + 3CH4(g) ΔH°rxn = _______ kJ ΔH°f = +36 –394 –1274 –75 kJ/mol exo ? endo_thermic 2. 2P2O5 + 2CaC2 -->P4 + 2CaCO3 + 2CO2 ΔH°rxn = _______ kJ ΔH°f = –1505 –59 ___ –1207 –394 kJ/mol exo ? endo_thermic 3. 2Na2CrO4(s) + 10HCl(g) --> 4NaCl(s) + 3Cl2(g) + Cr2O3(s) + 5H2O(l) ΔH°f = –1342 –92 –411 ___ –1140 –286 kJ/mol ΔH°rxn = _______ kJ exo ? endo_thermicarrow_forward
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