Loose Leaf For Explorations: Introduction To Astronomy
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781260432145
Author: Thomas T Arny, Stephen E Schneider Professor
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 15, Problem 9TQ
Suppose you jumped into a black hole feet first. What would happen to you as your feet approached its Schwarzschild radius? Hint: Think about tides on Earth created by the Moon.
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A particle maintains a circular orbit
around a black hole of mass 10 Solar
masses at a distance equal to 2
Schwarzschild radii. Calculate the orbital
velocity of the particle and express your
answer in units of the speed of light.
Choose the answer below that most
closely matches your answer.
Select one:
а.
0.8
O b. 1
Ос.
0.3
O d. 0.1
Ое.
0.5
As a person approaches the Schwarzschild radius of a black hole, outside observers see all the processes of that person (their clocks, their heart rate, etc.) slowing down, and coming to a halt as they reach the Schwarzschild radius. (The person falling into the black hole sees their own processes unaffected.) But the speed of light is the same everywhere for all observers. What does this say about space as you approach the black hole?
Devise a way for the occupants of a spaceship to know whether they are being pulled into a black hole. What can they do if they determine they are within the Schwarzschild radius?
Chapter 15 Solutions
Loose Leaf For Explorations: Introduction To Astronomy
Ch. 15 - Prob. 1QFRCh. 15 - Prob. 2QFRCh. 15 - Prob. 3QFRCh. 15 - Prob. 4QFRCh. 15 - Prob. 5QFRCh. 15 - Prob. 6QFRCh. 15 - Prob. 7QFRCh. 15 - Prob. 8QFRCh. 15 - Prob. 9QFRCh. 15 - Prob. 10QFR
Ch. 15 - Prob. 11QFRCh. 15 - Prob. 12QFRCh. 15 - Prob. 13QFRCh. 15 - What is nonthermal radiation?Ch. 15 - What happens when a gravitational wave moves? What...Ch. 15 - What is a black hole? Are they truly black? What...Ch. 15 - Prob. 17QFRCh. 15 - Prob. 18QFRCh. 15 - Prob. 19QFRCh. 15 - Prob. 20QFRCh. 15 - Prob. 1TQCh. 15 - Prob. 2TQCh. 15 - Prob. 3TQCh. 15 - Prob. 5TQCh. 15 - Prob. 6TQCh. 15 - Prob. 7TQCh. 15 - Prob. 8TQCh. 15 - Suppose you jumped into a black hole feet first....Ch. 15 - Prob. 10TQCh. 15 - Prob. 1PCh. 15 - Prob. 2PCh. 15 - Prob. 3PCh. 15 - Prob. 4PCh. 15 - Prob. 5PCh. 15 - Prob. 6PCh. 15 - Prob. 7PCh. 15 - Prob. 8PCh. 15 - Prob. 9PCh. 15 - Prob. 10PCh. 15 - Prob. 11PCh. 15 - Prob. 12PCh. 15 - Prob. 1TYCh. 15 - Prob. 2TYCh. 15 - Prob. 3TYCh. 15 - Prob. 4TYCh. 15 - Prob. 5TYCh. 15 - Prob. 6TYCh. 15 - What evidence leads astronomers to believe that...Ch. 15 - (15.3) The Schwarzschild radius of a body is (a)...Ch. 15 - Prob. 9TYCh. 15 - Prob. 10TY
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- What is the Schwarzschild radius for the black hole at the center of our galaxy if it has the mass of 4 million solar masses?arrow_forwardA spacecraft in the shape of a long cylinder has a length of 100 m, and its mass with occupants is 1 000 kg. Ii has strayed too close to a black hole having a mass 100 times that of the Sun (Fig. P11.11). The nose of the spacecraft points toward the black hole, and the distance between the nose and the center of the black hole is 10.0 km. (a) Determine the total force on the spacecraft. (b) What is the difference in the gravitational fields acting on the occupants in the nose of the ship and on those in the rear of the ship, farthest from the black hole? (This difference in accelerations grows rapidly as the ship approaches the black hole. It puts the body of the ship under extreme tension and eventually tears it apart.)arrow_forwardA neutron star is a cold, collapsed star with nuclear density. A particular neutron star has a mass twice that of our Sun with a radius of 12.0 km. (a) What would be the weight of a 100-kg astronaut on standing on its surface? (b) What does this tell us about landing on a neutron star?arrow_forward
- The Schwarzschild radius RBH for an object of mass M is defined as (See image.) where c is the speed of light and G is the universal gravitational constant. RBH gives the radius of the event horizon of a black hole with mass M. In other words, it gives the radius to which some amount of mass M would need to be compressed in order to form a black hole. 1. The mass of the Sun is about 1.99 × 1030 kg. What would be the radius of a black hole with this mass? 2. The mass of Mars is about 6.42 × 1023 kg. What would be the radius of a black hole with this mass? 3. Suppose you want to make a black hole that is roughly the size of an atom (take RBH = 1.10 x 10-10 m). What would be the mass M of such a black hole?arrow_forwardCalculate the Schwarzschild radius for the sun and Earth.arrow_forwardThe biggest black hole ever discovered has a mass of 40 billion solar masses. Calculate the Schwarzschild radius and compare it with the size of our Solar System.arrow_forward
- Question A5 State the value of the Ricci tensor R on the event horizon of a Schwarzschild black hole, and justify your answer.arrow_forwarda. What is the event horizon radius [m] for the sun if it were to collapse to a Schwarzschild black hole? (Msun = 1.99 x 1030kg). b. Would earth’s orbit be altered if this were to occur (T/F).arrow_forwardA particle maintains a circular orbit around a black hole of mass 10 Solar masses at a distance equal to 2 Schwarzschild radii. Calculate the orbital velocity of the particle and express the answer in units of the speed of light.arrow_forward
- The kinetic energy of the ejecta from a supernova explosion is about 10^44 joules. Use the formula for kinetic energy to determine the typical speed at which matter is ejected from a supernova with a mass of 10 Msun. Compare that speed with the Sunʹs orbital speed around our galaxy. Based on your comparison, do you think the galaxyʹs gravity would be strong enough to retain the supernova debris if there were no interstellar medium to slow it down? Explain.arrow_forwardCompact objects and black-holes 2. Consider three compact objects in the form of: a white dwarf of 0.5Mo; a neutron star of 1.4Mo and a black-hole of 50 Mo. The radii of the white dwarf and neutron star are: Rwp 5.5 106 m and and RNS 10 Km. (a) Determine the radii of curvature Re = c2/g (where c is the speed of light and g is the local gravitational acceleration) around cach objcct specifying which radius you assume for the BH.arrow_forwardA black hole has an event horizon radius of 5.00××1033 m. a) What is its mass? b) Determine the gravitational acceleration it produces at a distance of 5.01××1033 m from its center. c) Determine the escape speed at a distance of 5.01××1033 m from its center.arrow_forward
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