Principles of Anatomy and Physiology
16th Edition
ISBN: 9781119662792
Author: Tortora, Gerard J., DERRICKSON, Bryan H.
Publisher: WILEY
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Chapter 15, Problem 5CP
Summary Introduction
To review:
The locations of the terminal, sympathetic trunk, and prevertebral ganglia. Also, the kinds of neurons, which synapse in each of these ganglia.
Introduction:
The autonomic ganglia are the sites where the preganglionic neurons and the postganglionic neurons synapse. The autonomic ganglia can be divided into two main groups, namely the sympathetic ganglia and the parasympathetic ganglia.
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The cell bodies of autonomic postganglionic neurons are found in ANS ganglia. The cell bodies of another class of neuron are also found in ganglia (but not ANS ganglia). What are these other ganglia called? Determine the structural and functional classification of the neurons found in these other ganglia.
Name the neurotransmitter released at each synapse orneuroeffector junction in the somatic and autonomic system?
Distinguish between the sympathetic trunk ganglia and theprevertebral ganglia.
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- In the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system: Select one: The ratio between the number of postganglionic and preganglionic neurons is small. A single preganglionic neuron usually synapses with a single postganglionic neuron. An important functional characteristic is convergence of the preganglionic fibers. Preganglionic fibers are usually much longer than the postganglionic fibers. Activity of the neurons tends to have a more generalized and widespread effect on the body.arrow_forwardWhat is the difference between sympathetic trunk ganglia and prevertebral ganglia?arrow_forwardWhere are the cell bodies of sympathetic preganglionicneurons located?arrow_forward
- Name the neurotransmitter released at each synapse or neuroeffector junction in the somatic and autonomic systems?arrow_forwardName the three connective tissue sheaths that surround a peripheral nerve. Which of these coverings enable regrowth of a damaged axon in the periphery?arrow_forwardDescribe the four major ways by which sympathetic axonspass from sympathetic chain ganglia to effectors. Name fourabdominopelvic autonomic nerve plexuses.arrow_forward
- Discuss the embryological origins of the ganglia in detail. What effect do these have on the nervous system's and the body's functioning?arrow_forwardDescribe the CNS ischemic response. Under whatconditions does this mechanism operate?arrow_forwardList the three neurotransmitters involved in the basal ganglia and explain their role.arrow_forward
- The striations seen within the different structures of the basal ganglia are due to the presence of what neuronal structure?arrow_forwardName the types of autonomic synapse in terms of neurotransmitter used; are they excitoratory, inhibitory, or can be both? (such as Adrenergic, Muscarinic, and Nicotinic)arrow_forwardDescribe the structures and functions of the neurons and neuroglia of the cerebrum, the cerebellum, the diencephalon, and the brain stem. Describe the structures and functions of the Schwann Cells in both the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system. What role does the Pituitary gland play as the control center of the brain? Differentiate between white matter and gray matter. Describe the functions of afferent and efferent nerves. List the components of the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system. Compare and contrast the sympathetic nervous system with the parasympathetic nervous system, provide functions for each. List the major areas/regions of the brain and provide a generalized function for each region. List and describe the 3 membraneous layers that protect the brain. Describe the injuries of these layers, based on the level of damage. Differentiate between the autonomic and somatic nervous systems. Describe the process of depolarization and…arrow_forward
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