BIOLOGY
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781260169614
Author: Raven
Publisher: RENT MCG
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Chapter 14, Problem 5U
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
DNA is a double-helical molecule in which the two strands face each other antagonistically that is in the opposite direction to each other. For the first time, it was discovered in human cells, and then, it was discovered in the sperms of fishes. It was discovered by Friedrich Miescher. He named the substance he discovered as “nuclein” since it was found in the nucleus. However, later on, it was found that it is acidic chemically. Hence, it was renamed as
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During DNA replication:
A. The two DNA strands separate, each strand then becomes a template for the assembly of a complementary strand. Each new DNA helix has one old strand with one new strand.
B. The two DNA strands separate, each strand then becomes a template for the assembly of a similar strand. Each new DNA helix has one old strand with one new strand.
C. The two DNA strands separate, each strand then becomes a template for the assembly of a similar strand. Each new DNA helix has two new strands.
D. The two DNA strands separate, each strand then becomes a template for the assembly of an identical strand. Each new DNA helix has one old strand with one new strand.
DNA replication involves a series of steps, including initiation, making primers, extension, and connecting DNA fragments. The cell uses different enzymes in a particular order to accomplish these steps. Which of the following represents the correct general order of enzyme use? A. DNA polymerases, helicase, primase, ligase B. Helicase, ligase, primase, DNA polymerases C. Helicase, primase, DNA polymerases, ligase D. Primase, helicase, DNA polymerases, ligase
Place the following steps of DNA replication and repair in the correct order by numbering them from 1 to 5. a. A template strand begins to be replicated. b. If the incorrect base is not identified and replaced, it remains as a point mutation in the DNA. c. DNA polymerase identifies and replaces most incorrect bases with the correct base, complementary to the base on the template strand. d. An incorrect base is added to the growing strand of DNA. e. Proteins identify and replace any incorrect bases missed by DNA polymerase.
Chapter 14 Solutions
BIOLOGY
Ch. 14.1 - Describe the experiments of Griffith and Avery.Ch. 14.1 - Evaluate the evidence for DNA as genetic material.Ch. 14.2 - Explain how the WatsonCrick structure rationalized...Ch. 14.2 - Prob. 2LOCh. 14.3 - Prob. 1LOCh. 14.3 - Prob. 2LOCh. 14.4 - Prob. 1LOCh. 14.4 - Prob. 2LOCh. 14.4 - Diagram the functions found at the replication...Ch. 14.5 - Compare eukaryotic replication with prokaryotic.
Ch. 14.5 - Prob. 2LOCh. 14.5 - Prob. 3LOCh. 14.6 - Prob. 1LOCh. 14.6 - Prob. 2LOCh. 14 - Prob. 1DACh. 14 - Prob. 2DACh. 14 - Prob. 1IQCh. 14 - Prob. 2IQCh. 14 - How does the structure of eukaryotic genomes...Ch. 14 - Prob. 4IQCh. 14 - Prob. 1UCh. 14 - Which of the following is NOT a component of DNA?...Ch. 14 - Chargaff studied the composition of DNA from...Ch. 14 - The bonds that hold two complementary strands of...Ch. 14 - Prob. 5UCh. 14 - Prob. 6UCh. 14 - Which of the following is NOT pan of the...Ch. 14 - If one strand of a DNA is 5 ATCGTTAAGCGAGTCA 3,...Ch. 14 - Hershey and Chase used radioactive phosphorus and...Ch. 14 - The Meselson and Stahl experiment used a density...Ch. 14 - Prob. 4ACh. 14 - If the activity of DNA ligase was removed from...Ch. 14 - Successful DNA synthesis requires all of the...Ch. 14 - The synthesis of telomeres a. uses DNA polymerase,...Ch. 14 - When mutations that affected DNA replication were...Ch. 14 - Prob. 1SCh. 14 - In the Meselson-Stahl experiment, a control...Ch. 14 - Enzyme function is critically important for the...
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- Which of the following statements accurately describes the process of DNA replication? A. The two strands of DNA separate, and a single new strand is synthesized using the existing strand as a template. B. The two strands of DNA separate and serves as a template, and the daughter molecule will have a mix of an old and new strand. C. The two strands of DNA separate and serves as a template, and the daughter molecule will have one old strand and one new strand. D. The two strands of DNA separate, and each strand serves as a template for the synthesis of multiple new complementary strands.arrow_forwardDNA replication is said to be semiconservative because a. one of the new molecules conserves both of the original DNA strands. b. the new DNA molecule contains two new DNA strands. c. both of the new molecules contain one new strand and one old strand. d. DNA polymerase conserves both of the old strands.arrow_forwardThe function of DNA ligase is to: a. Catalyze formation of phosphodiester bonds between adjacent nucleotides b. Catalyze formation of hydrogen bonds between adjacent nucleotides c. Keep single strands of DNA apart during replication d. Facilitate base pairing between single stranded molecules in DNA e. Both a. and d. are correctarrow_forward
- Determine whether each statement isTRUE or FALSE.a. In eukaryotic chromosomes, DNA replication begins at a single point in the chromosome and proceeds in two directions.b. The bonds between the sugars and phosphates are broken during DNA replication.c. The elongation of the leading strand during DNA synthesis progresses away from the replication fork.d. Each DNA molecule resulting from replication has one original strand and one new strand.e. The difference in how the leading and lagging strands of DNA molecules are synthesized is due to DNA polymerase adding new nucleotides only to the 3’ end of a growing strand, and the strands are anti-parallel.arrow_forwardwhen a cell to divide, its DNA must be replicated (copied). a.List the most important participating components and their functions in replication b.why is it important that the replication goes right and that relatively few mutations occur during the replication? c.Will the offspring of the individual who received a mutation inherit the mutationarrow_forwardWhich statement about Okazaki fragments is true? Select one: O a. They are necessary because DNA polymerase can only build DNA in the 5' to 3' direction, so for one of the strands at each fork, the DNA polymerase can only build away from the fork. O b. They correct errors made during earlier phases of DNA replication. O c. They act as a primer that initiates DNA replication. O d. They prevent the ends of chromosomes from shortening with every replication. e. DNA polymerase doesn't need a primer to build these fragments.arrow_forward
- Which of the following types of DNA damage would be hardest to repair using the DNA repair pathways?A. Complete removal of three nucleotides in the middle of one strand.B. A covalent bond between a base on one strand and a base on the complementary strand.C. Incorporation of a sugar other than deoxyribose into one strand.D. Covalent attachment of a short polypeptide to a single base.E. A covalent bond between a base and a deoxyribose on the same strand. Please explain why it's Barrow_forwardThe enzyme responsible for adding new nucleotides to a growing DNA chain during DNA replication is a. helicase. b. RNA polymerase. c. DNA polymerase. d. DNA ligase.arrow_forwardWhich statement about Okazaki fragments is true? Select one: a. DNA polymerase doesn’t need a primer to build these fragments b. They act as a primer that initiates DNA replication. c. They correct errors made during earlier phases of DNA replication. d. They are necessary because DNA polymerase can only build DNA in the 5’ to 3’ direction, so for one of the strands at each fork, the DNA polymerase can only buildaway from the fork. e. They prevent the ends of chromosomes from shortening with every replication.arrow_forward
- During DNA replication, the leading strand is synthesized continuously, while the lagging strand is synthesized as Okazaki fragments. This is because: O A. DNA polymerases can bind to only one strand at a time. O B. Two different DNA polymerases are involved in replication (DNA polymerase I and II). O C. DNA synthesis can take place only in the 5 -> 3 direction. D. The primers are made of RNA. Reset Selection Previous NEXT Save Exit MacBook Pro Q Search or enter website name & %24 %23 4 3 00 < COarrow_forwardWhat is the difference between the leading strand and the lagging strand in DNA replication? a There are different DNA polymerases involved in elongation of the leading strand and the lagging strand. b The leading strand is synthesized continuously in the 5' → 3' direction, while the lagging strand is synthesized discontinuously in the 5' → 3' direction. c The leading strand requires an RNA primer, whereas the lagging strand does not. d The leading strand is synthesized in the 3' → 5' direction in a discontinuous fashion, while the lagging strand is synthesized in the 5' → 3' direction in a continuous fashion.arrow_forwardDNA replication is said to be semiconservative becausea. each new DNA molecule contains one new strand and one old one.b. every other new DNA molecule contains two old strands.c. each new DNA strand contains two new strands.d. every other new DNA molecule contains one new strand and one old one.arrow_forward
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