Manufacturing Engineering & Technology
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780133128741
Author: Serope Kalpakjian, Steven Schmid
Publisher: Prentice Hall
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Textbook Question
Chapter 14, Problem 31QLP
Which would you recommend, (a) hot forging and heat treating a workpiece or (b) cold forging it and relying upon strain hardening for strengthening? Explain.
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(c) A flat rolling operation is being carried out where the roll radius is 200 mm and the roll
rotates at 100 rpm. The workpiece material is annealed low carbon steel with 200 mm wide
and 10 mm thickness. The strength coefficient and the strain hardening of the carbon steel
are 530 MPa and 0.26, respectively. The coefficient of friction is 0.2.
(i)
Caicurae tne roll force and torque if the workpiece is rolled to a thickness of 4 mm.
(ii)
Calculate the maximum possible draft and evaluate how friction effect the thickness
of the rolled workpiece.
A compound die will be used to blank and
punch a large washer out of 6061ST
aluminum alloy sheet stock 3.50 mm
thick. The outside diameter of the washer
is 50.0 mm and the inside diameter is
15.0 mm. if The aluminum sheet metal
has a tensile strength = 310 MPa, a
strength coefficient of 350 MPa, and a
strain-hardening exponent of 0.12. (a)
Assume that blanking and punching occur
simultaneously. (b) Assume the punches
are staggered so that punching occurs
first, then blanking. Determine (1) the
punch and die sizes for the blanking
operation, and (2) the punch and die sizes
for the punching operation.(3) the
minimum tonnage press to perform the
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An austenitic stainless steel plate with a width of 100 mm, a length of 150 mm and a thickness of 50 mm is to be hot forged in a hydraulic press so that the width remains constant. If it is to be reduced in one step to a thickness of 40 mm, calculatea) the actual load that needs to be applied at the end of the forging, as well as b) the corresponding deformation energy.
In previous plane strain compression tests, it was found that the material exhibits an average plane strain yield stress of 80 MPa at the forging temperature. Assume that the efficiency of the process is 0.6
Answer: Pfr= 2.5 MN ; WTr= 25 kJ
Chapter 14 Solutions
Manufacturing Engineering & Technology
Ch. 14 - What is the difference between cold, warm, and hot...Ch. 14 - Explain the difference between open-die and...Ch. 14 - Explain the difference between fullering, edging,...Ch. 14 - What is flash? What is its function?Ch. 14 - Why is the intermediate shape of a part important...Ch. 14 - Describe the features of a typical forging die.Ch. 14 - Explain what is meant by load limited, energy...Ch. 14 - What type of parts can be produced by rotary...Ch. 14 - Why is hubbing an attractive alternative to...Ch. 14 - What is the difference between piercing and...
Ch. 14 - What is a hammer? What are the different kinds of...Ch. 14 - Why is there barreling in upsetting?Ch. 14 - What are the advantages and disadvantages of...Ch. 14 - Why are draft angles required in forging dies?Ch. 14 - Is a mandrel needed in swaging?Ch. 14 - Describe and explain the factors that influence...Ch. 14 - How can you tell whether a certain part is forged...Ch. 14 - Identify casting design rules, described in...Ch. 14 - Describe the factors involved in precision...Ch. 14 - Why is control of the volume of the blank...Ch. 14 - Why are there so many types of forging machines...Ch. 14 - What are the advantages and limitations of cogging...Ch. 14 - What are the advantages and limitations of using...Ch. 14 - Review Fig. 14.6e and explain why internal draft...Ch. 14 - Comment on your observations regarding the...Ch. 14 - Describe your observations concerning the control...Ch. 14 - Prob. 27QLPCh. 14 - Describe the difficulties involved in defining the...Ch. 14 - Describe the advantages of servo presses for...Ch. 14 - List the general recommendations you would make...Ch. 14 - Which would you recommend, (a) hot forging and...Ch. 14 - Take two solid, cylindrical specimens of equal...Ch. 14 - Calculate the room-temperature forging force for a...Ch. 14 - Using Eq. (14.2), estimate the forging force for...Ch. 14 - To what thickness can a solid cylinder of 1020...Ch. 14 - In Example 14.1, calculate the forging force,...Ch. 14 - Using Eq. (14.1), make a plot of the forging...Ch. 14 - How would you go about estimating the punch force...Ch. 14 - A mechanical press is powered by a 30-hp motor and...Ch. 14 - A solid cylindrical specimen, made of a perfectly...Ch. 14 - Devise an experimental method whereby you can...Ch. 14 - Assume that you represent the forging industry and...Ch. 14 - Figure P14.44 shows a round impression-die forging...Ch. 14 - Prob. 45SDPCh. 14 - Prob. 46SDPCh. 14 - Review the sequence of operations in the...Ch. 14 - Prob. 48SDPCh. 14 - Discuss the possible environmental concerns...Ch. 14 - List the advantages and disadvantages in using a...
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- An open die forging operation is performed to produce a steel cylinder with a diameter of 9.7mm and a height of 1.7mm. The strength coefficient for this steel is 500MPA, and the strain hardening exponent is 0.25. Coefficient of friction at the die-work interface is 0.12. The initial stock of raw material has a diameter of 5mm. (a) What height/length of stock is needed to provide sufficient volume of material for this forging operation? (b) Compute the maximum force that the punch must apply to form the head in this open- die operation.arrow_forwardA blank workpiece with 200 mm diameter is to be blanked from 3.2- mm-thick half-hard stainless steel (ultimate tensile strength of 650 MPa). Find (a) the diameters of blank die and punch, and (b) blanking force.arrow_forwardDifferentiate normal axial loading from bending loading. Support your answer with neat explanatory sketches that show the possible types of deformation resulting from each type of loading?arrow_forward
- A spool of copper wire has a starting diameter of 2.5 mm. It is drawn through a die with an opening that is 2.1 mm. The entrance angle of the die = 18°. Coefficient of friction at the work die interface is 0.08. The pure copper has a strength coefficient = 300 MPa and a strain hardening coefficient = 0.50. The operation is performed at room temperature. Determine (a) area reduction, (b) draw stress, and (c) draw force required for the operation.arrow_forwardA 1-in diameter hole is to be punched through a 1/8-in thick annealed titanium-alloy Ti-6Al-4V (grade 5, annealed) sheet at room temperature. Estimate the force required for the punching operation. Show your work and list any values you reference/use. Hint: Use the equation F=T*L*Shear Strengtharrow_forwardForging processes may be characterized by die work limitation. This categorization yields three basic types.arrow_forward
- A spool of wire has a starting diameter of 2.5 mm. It is drawn through a die with an opening that is 2.1 mm at a speed of 0.3 m/s. The worked metal has a strength coefficient of 450 MPa and a strain-hardening coefficient of 0.26. Assume the drawing is performed at room temperature and that the frictional and redundant work together constitute 35% of the ideal work of deformation. Calculate the power required to carry out the operationarrow_forwardWhen deforming metal at room temperature, what kind of forging will you prefer?arrow_forwardA cylindrical billet that is 80 mm long and 32 mm diameter is reduced by backward extrusion to a 12 mm diameter. Half die angle is 90°. If the Johnson equation has a= 0.8 and b= 1.2 , and the flow curve for the work material has strength coefficient is 500 MPa, and strain hardening exponent is 0.8, Determine (a) extrusion ration, (b) true strain, (c) extrusion strain, (d) ram pressure, and (e) ram force.arrow_forward
- Wire is drawn through a draw die with entrance angle a= 17°. Starting diameter is 3.0 mm and final diameter = 2.4 mm. The coefficient of friction at the work-die interface = 0.08. The metal has a strength coefficient K = 205 MPa and a strain-hardening exponent n = draw force in this operation. Why are multiple passes usually required to achieve the desired reduction? (Hint: Observe the draw stress value found in this question) 0.20. Determine the draw stress and Lubricant box Initial wire stock (in coil form) Multiple pass/draft drawing Draw die V2, F V3, F shown in figure. Capstan drum (holds multiple loops of wire) (1) (2) (3)arrow_forwardThe figure below shows a symmetric plane-strain upsetting process. The process may also be thought of as a form of side extrusion. Observations show that the deformation is confined to two shear planes, each one being analogous to that seen in plane-strain cutting. You may assume that there is no friction between the work material and the tool/die walls; the uniaxial yield strength of the material is σy and is independent of strain rate and temperature, and the material behaves as a rigid plastic solid. a) Calculate the pressure (p) required for the upsetting process in terms of σy. b) If friction existed at the die walls and the frictional work (energy) dissipation was 30% of the energy required for shape change alone (part (a) above), then what would be the pressure (p)?arrow_forwardOne way to define forging procedures is by the extent to which the work is constrained in the die. Explain this classification system by identifying the three primary classes.arrow_forward
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