BIOLOGY:THE ESSENTIALS (LL) W/CONNECT
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9781260670929
Author: Hoefnagels
Publisher: MCG CUSTOM
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Chapter 14, Problem 1SL
Summary Introduction
To determine:
The possible evolutionary consequences to other species due to the extinction of one species
Introduction:
There are two types of extinction events which occur in the ecosystem. The background extinction results due to the normal evolutionary process. Mass extinction of species occurs due to the disappearance of a large number of species in a relatively short time.
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Part 1: Use this image to describe the relationship between H, F. and D, including how closely they are related to each other, and determine the most recent common ancestor for these species.
Part 2: Using the above image, estimate how long ago the common ancestor for H, F, and D lived.
Part 3: Of species H, F, and D, which have gone extinct without producing any evolutionary descendants? Provide evidence to support your answer.
Topic: Galapagos Finches
Darwin’s readings took him to a predictive theory of how species might change with time: what later thinkers have called microevolution.
Darwin’s philosophical worldview then took him beyond his evidence to a conviction that environmental constraints could create whole new structures and organisms.
Soon Darwin’s theory of macroevolution replaced the Creator with an environment that could create solely by constraint.
For your thread:
According to Chapter 13 section 13.1, define microevolution and macroevolution.
The Galapagos islands have a great diversity of landscapes – from lush vegetation to nearly barren lava fields yet the Galapagos Finches survive on each island. How can this be explained?
Using the varying bills of the Galapagos Finches in figure 13.3 and additional research, explain how microevolution is evidenced.
What Have I Learned So Far?
Write True if the statement is true. If false, change the underlined word or phrase
to make the statement true.
1.
Charles Darwin coined the term “survival of the fittest."
Fossils can be used in determining the remains of ancient
organisms.
2.
3. Geology is the study of the distribution of plants and animals on
Earth.
4. Lamarck proposed the theory of use and disuse.
5.
Genetic mutation accounts for evidence of evolution.
6. The theory of acquired characteristics is the concept of Wallace.
7. Vestigial organs are structures that have a particular use before
but have no particular purpose for existing animals.
8. The similarities of the embryos of vertebrates indicate a common
ancestral domain among them.
Biochemical evidence does not provide a solid proof of evolution.
9.
10. Anatomy of animals can be used as evidence of evolution
Biodiversity and Systematics: Evolutionary Relationships 179
Chapter 14 Solutions
BIOLOGY:THE ESSENTIALS (LL) W/CONNECT
Ch. 14.1 - How are macroevolution and microevolution related?Ch. 14.1 - Prob. 2MCCh. 14.1 - What are some of the challenges in defining...Ch. 14.2 - Prob. 1MCCh. 14.2 - Write a real or fictitious example other than...Ch. 14.3 - Prob. 1MCCh. 14.3 - Prob. 2MCCh. 14.3 - Prob. 3MCCh. 14.4 - Prob. 1MCCh. 14.4 - Prob. 2MC
Ch. 14.5 - Prob. 1MCCh. 14.5 - Prob. 2MCCh. 14.5 - Prob. 3MCCh. 14.6 - Describe the taxonomic hierarchy.Ch. 14.6 - What are the strengths of a cladistics approach...Ch. 14.6 - Distinguish between ancestral and derived...Ch. 14 - Macroevolution is distinct from microevolution in...Ch. 14 - The biological species concept defines species...Ch. 14 - A mule is the offspring of a male donkey and a...Ch. 14 - Prob. 4MCQCh. 14 - Prob. 5MCQCh. 14 - Prob. 6MCQCh. 14 - Prob. 7MCQCh. 14 - Prob. 8MCQCh. 14 - Prob. 9MCQCh. 14 - Prob. 10MCQCh. 14 - How has the meaning of the term species changed...Ch. 14 - What type of reproductive barrier applies to each...Ch. 14 - Prob. 3WIOCh. 14 - Polyploidy is a common mechanism of speciation in...Ch. 14 - How does natural selection predict a gradualistic...Ch. 14 - Prob. 6WIOCh. 14 - Examine the cladogram in figure 14.17 and answer...Ch. 14 - Prob. 8WIOCh. 14 - Prob. 9WIOCh. 14 - Prob. 1SLCh. 14 - Prob. 1PITCh. 14 - Prob. 2PITCh. 14 - Prob. 3PIT
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- Evolution in Humans: 1) describe several techniques that paleontologists today use to establish fossil age 2) describe how tracking changes in DNA sequence among related organisms can be used to create a migration maparrow_forwardYou have now studied three different types of anatomical structures. Homologous structures show individual variations on a common anatomical theme. These are seen in organisms that are closely related. 1. Give an example of a homologous structure from this activity: Analogous structures have very different anatomies but similar functions. These are seen in organismsthat are not necessarily closely related but live in similar environments and have similar adaptations. 2. Give an example of an analogous structure from this activity: Vestigial structures are anatomical remnants that were important in the organism's ancestors but are nolonger used in the same way. 3. Give an example of a vestigial structure from this activity:arrow_forwardQ:need help with question We looked at how the beliefs of the Theory of Special Creation were challenged by Descent with Modification. Even before Lamarck and Darwin proposed that species do change over time, what belief of the Theory of Special Creation had already been challenged? Species do not change Lineages do not split Each species is separately created Each species is independently created Earth and life are youngarrow_forward
- Birds and butterflies have wings they use for flying. The wings of butterflies are made of semitransparent, tough scales. Bird wings are covered with feathers. The wings of birds and butterflies did not evolve from a common ancestor that had wings. Instead, they have evolved as a result of similar environmental pressures. Which statement best explains the evolutionary relationship of birds and butterflies? Bird and butterfly wings are a result of divergent evolution because birds and butterflies did not evolve from a winged common ancestor. Bird and butterfly wings are a result of convergent evolution because birds and butterflies evolved from a winged common ancestor. Bird and butterfly wings are analogous structures because they have similar functions, are structurally different, and are a result of convergent evolution. Bird and butterfly wings are homologous structures because they have similar functions, are structurally the same, and are a result of divergent evolution.arrow_forwardEvolutionary theory predicts that species are related, not independent. Four of the following examples provide support for this prediction, but one is irrelevant. Which of examples listed below does not support the claim that species are related? O A. Many dinosaurs and other organisms went extinct following a huge asteroid impact at the end of the Cretaceous. O B. All prokaryotes and eukaryotes use DNA to carry their genetic information. OC. Before synthetic insulin was available, diabetics used injections of purified pig insulin to manage their disease. O D. Ground squirrel species found on the North and South sides of the Grand Canyon are very similar to each other. O E. The endostyle of lancelets (invertebrate chordates) and the thyroid gland of vertebrates develop similarly, and both produce iodinated proteins. «< Question 5 of 120 A Moving to another question will save this response. 11:51 AM 12/16/202 End F10 pgUP F11 PgDn F12 Home PrtScn F8 DII F5 F7 F6 F3 F4 F2 & #3 2$ 7 8 9.…arrow_forwardEvolution is the theory that species change over time. According to this theory, new species form from existing species through variation and natural selection. The evolutionary process is very slow and the transformation of one species into another requires thousands of years. Several evidences are used to prove evolution and somehow reconstruct how this process occur: 1.Fossil Records. 2.Homologous Body Structures. 3.Vestigial structures. 4.Similarity of embryo. 5.Geographical evidencearrow_forward
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