General Chemistry: Principles and Modern Applications (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780132931281
Author: Ralph H. Petrucci, F. Geoffrey Herring, Jeffry D. Madura, Carey Bissonnette
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 14, Problem 102IAE
The two compounds whose structures are depicted here are isomers. When derived from petroplem, they always occur mixed together, meta-Xylene is used in aviation fuels and in the manufacture of days insecticides. The principal use of pare-xylene is in the manufacture of polyester resins and fibers (for example, Dacron). Comment on the effectiveness of fractional distillation as a method of separating these two xylenes. What other method(s) might be used to separate them?
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You are employed as a coop student at the Drug and Alcohol Testing Association of Canada (DATAC) developing analytical tests for sports doping agents. You are asked to prepare a procedure for the extraction of methylphenidate, the active compound in Ritalin, from urine samples (consider them as simple aqueous layers, you do not need to consider other components!). The goal of the procedure is to extract the methylphenidate into an organic layer which will then be evaporated, and the residue will be tested for the drug.Your colleague is helping you develop the urine test. They suggest that the urine should be adjusted to a pH above 7 before extracting with the organic solvent. Why is this necessary? Support your explanation with a full arrow-pushing mechanism for the reaction that would occur if the pH was below 7. Include all formal charges, intermediates (if applicable) and products.
Chapter 14 Solutions
General Chemistry: Principles and Modern Applications (11th Edition)
Ch. 14 - Which of the following do you expect to be most...Ch. 14 - Which of the following is moderately soluble both...Ch. 14 - Substances that dissolve in water generally do not...Ch. 14 - Prob. 4ECh. 14 - Two of the substances listed here highly soluble...Ch. 14 - Benzoic acid, C8H8COOH, is much more soluble in...Ch. 14 - Prob. 7ECh. 14 - Explain the observation that all metal nitrates...Ch. 14 - A saturated aqueous solution of NaBr at 20C...Ch. 14 - Prob. 10E
Ch. 14 - Prob. 11ECh. 14 - You are asked to prepare 125.0 mL of 0.0321 M...Ch. 14 - Prob. 13ECh. 14 - Prob. 14ECh. 14 - Prob. 15ECh. 14 - Prob. 16ECh. 14 - The sulfate ion level in a municipal water supply...Ch. 14 - A water sample is found to have 9.4 ppb of...Ch. 14 - Prob. 19ECh. 14 - Prob. 20ECh. 14 - How many milliliters at the ethanol-water solution...Ch. 14 - Prob. 22ECh. 14 - What is the molarity of CO2 in liter ocean water...Ch. 14 - Prob. 24ECh. 14 - Prob. 25ECh. 14 - Prob. 26ECh. 14 - How many grams of iodine, l2 , must be dissolved...Ch. 14 - How many grams of water would you add to 1.00 kg...Ch. 14 - Prob. 29ECh. 14 - A 10.00%-by-man solution of ethanol, CH2CH2OH , in...Ch. 14 - Prob. 31ECh. 14 - Prob. 32ECh. 14 - Prob. 33ECh. 14 - Prob. 34ECh. 14 - What volume of glycerol,...Ch. 14 - Prob. 36ECh. 14 - Prob. 37ECh. 14 - The amount of CO2 in the ocean is approximately...Ch. 14 - Prob. 39ECh. 14 - Prob. 40ECh. 14 - Prob. 41ECh. 14 - Prob. 42ECh. 14 - Under an O2(g) pressure of 1.00 atm, 28.31mL of...Ch. 14 - Prob. 44ECh. 14 - Natural gas consists about 90% methane, CM. Assume...Ch. 14 - At 1.00 atm, the solubility of O2 in water is...Ch. 14 - The aqueous solubility at 20C of Ar at 1.00 atm...Ch. 14 - Prob. 48ECh. 14 - Prob. 49ECh. 14 - Prob. 50ECh. 14 - What are the partial and total vapor pressures of...Ch. 14 - Prob. 52ECh. 14 - Calculate the vapor pressure at 25C of a solution...Ch. 14 - Calculate the vapor pressure at 20C of a saturated...Ch. 14 - Styrene, used in the manufacture of polystyrene...Ch. 14 - Prob. 56ECh. 14 - A benzene-toluene solution with banz=0.300 has a...Ch. 14 - Prob. 58ECh. 14 - Prob. 59ECh. 14 - Prob. 60ECh. 14 - Prob. 61ECh. 14 - Prob. 62ECh. 14 - Prob. 63ECh. 14 - Prob. 64ECh. 14 - Prob. 65ECh. 14 - Use the concentration of an istonic solution,...Ch. 14 - Prob. 67ECh. 14 - The two solutions pictured here are separated by a...Ch. 14 - of an unknown compound reduces e freezing point of...Ch. 14 - Prob. 70ECh. 14 - Prob. 71ECh. 14 - Prob. 72ECh. 14 - A compound is 42.9% C, 2.4% H, 16.7%N, and 38.1%...Ch. 14 - Nicotinamide is a water-soluble vitamin important...Ch. 14 - Prob. 75ECh. 14 - Coniferin is glycoside (a derivative of a sugar)...Ch. 14 - Cooks often add some salt to water before boding...Ch. 14 - An important test for the purity of an organic...Ch. 14 - Prob. 79ECh. 14 - If ocean water consisted of 3.5% salt, what would...Ch. 14 - Predict the approximate freezing points of 0.10m...Ch. 14 - Calculate the van’t Hoff factors of the following...Ch. 14 - NH2(aq) conducts electric current only weakly. The...Ch. 14 - Prob. 84ECh. 14 - Prob. 85ECh. 14 - Prob. 86ECh. 14 - Prob. 87IAECh. 14 - Prob. 88IAECh. 14 - Prob. 89IAECh. 14 - Prob. 90IAECh. 14 - A solid mixture consists of 85.0% KNO2 and 15.0%...Ch. 14 - Suppose you have available 2.50 L of a solution (d...Ch. 14 - Prob. 93IAECh. 14 - Prob. 94IAECh. 14 - Prob. 95IAECh. 14 - Nitrobenzene, C6H2NO2 , and benzene, C6H8 , are...Ch. 14 - Prob. 97IAECh. 14 - Prob. 98IAECh. 14 - Prob. 99IAECh. 14 - Suppose that I 00mg of gold obtained in a...Ch. 14 - At 20C , liquid benzene has a density of...Ch. 14 - The two compounds whose structures are depicted...Ch. 14 - Prob. 103IAECh. 14 - Prob. 104IAECh. 14 - Prob. 105IAECh. 14 - We noted m Figure 14-17 that the liquid and vapor...Ch. 14 - A saturated solution prepared at 70C contains...Ch. 14 - Prob. 108IAECh. 14 - Prob. 109IAECh. 14 - Prob. 110IAECh. 14 - Prob. 111IAECh. 14 - Prob. 112IAECh. 14 - Prob. 113FPCh. 14 - The phase diagram shown is for mixtures of HCI and...Ch. 14 - The laboratory device pictured on the following...Ch. 14 - Prob. 116FPCh. 14 - Prob. 117SAECh. 14 - Briefly describe each of the following ides or...Ch. 14 - Explain the important distinctions between each...Ch. 14 - Prob. 120SAECh. 14 - Prob. 121SAECh. 14 - Prob. 122SAECh. 14 - Prob. 123SAECh. 14 - An ideal liquid solution has two volatile...Ch. 14 - Prob. 125SAECh. 14 - Prob. 126SAECh. 14 - A solution (d=1.159g/mL) is 62.0% glycerol,...Ch. 14 - Prob. 128SAECh. 14 - Prob. 129SAECh. 14 - Prob. 130SAECh. 14 - Prob. 131SAECh. 14 - Prob. 132SAECh. 14 - Prob. 133SAECh. 14 - What is the mole fractions of a monvolatile solute...Ch. 14 - What is the osmotic pressure, in bar, of 15.2L of...Ch. 14 - What is the weight percent of 23.4 g of CaF2 if...Ch. 14 - Prob. 137SAECh. 14 - Prob. 138SAE
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