The compound, which reacts faster in each of the given pair of compounds, is to be identified, and the chemical equation for the faster reaction is to be written. Concept introduction: In electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions, ring activating substituents on the aromatic ring increases the rate towards electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions. All activating substituents are ortho-para directing. In electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions, a mixture of nitric acid and sulfuric acid produces a nitronium ion, which behaves as an electrophile. In Friedal Craft’s alkylation reactions, Benzyl chloride and aluminum chloride form a benzyl cation that can be attached to the benzene ring. A bromination reaction occurs when the reagent is bromine in acetic acid. A sulfonation reaction occurs when the reagent is sulfur trioxide in sulfuric acid. A Friedel-Craft’s acylation reaction occurs when the reagent is acetyl chloride and aluminum chloride.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 13, Problem 42P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The compound, which reacts faster in each of the given pair of compounds, is to be identified, and the chemical equation for the faster reaction is to be written.

Concept introduction:

In electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions, ring activating substituents on the aromatic ring increases the rate towards electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions.

All activating substituents are ortho-para directing.

In electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions, a mixture of nitric acid and sulfuric acid produces a nitronium ion, which behaves as an electrophile.

In Friedal Craft’s alkylation reactions, Benzyl chloride and aluminum chloride form a benzyl cation that can be attached to the benzene ring.

A bromination reaction occurs when the reagent is bromine in acetic acid.

A sulfonation reaction occurs when the reagent is sulfur trioxide in sulfuric acid.

A Friedel-Craft’s acylation reaction occurs when the reagent is acetyl chloride and aluminum chloride.

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 13, Problem 42P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The compound, which reacts faster in each of the given pair of compounds, is to be identified, and the chemical equation for the faster reaction is to be written.

Concept introduction:

In electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions, ring activating substituents on the aromatic ring increases the rate towards electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions.

All activating substituents are ortho-para directing.

In electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions, a mixture of nitric acid and sulfuric acid produces a nitronium ion, which behaves as an electrophile.

In Friedal Craft’s alkylation reactions, Benzyl chloride and aluminum chloride form a benzyl cation that can be attached to the benzene ring.

A bromination reaction occurs when the reagent is bromine in acetic acid.

A sulfonation reaction occurs when the reagent is sulfur trioxide in sulfuric acid.

A Friedel-Craft’s acylation reaction occurs when the reagent is acetyl chloride and aluminum chloride.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 13, Problem 42P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The compound, which reacts faster in each of the given pair of compounds, is to be identified, and the chemical equation for the faster reaction is to be written.

Concept introduction:

In electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions, ring activating substituents on the aromatic ring increases the rate towards electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions.

All activating substituents are ortho-para directing.

In electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions, a mixture of nitric acid and sulfuric acid produces a nitronium ion, which behaves as an electrophile.

In Friedal Craft’s alkylation reactions, Benzyl chloride and aluminum chloride form a benzyl cation that can be attached to the benzene ring.

A bromination reaction occurs when the reagent is bromine in acetic acid.

A sulfonation reaction occurs when the reagent is sulfur trioxide in sulfuric acid.

A Friedel-Craft’s acylation reaction occurs when the reagent is acetyl chloride and aluminum chloride.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 13, Problem 42P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The compound, which reacts faster in each of the given pair of compounds, is to be identified, and the chemical equation for the faster reaction is to be written.

Concept introduction:

In electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions, ring activating substituents on the aromatic ring increases the rate towards electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions.

All activating substituents are ortho-para directing.

In electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions, a mixture of nitric acid and sulfuric acid produces a nitronium ion, which behaves as an electrophile.

In Friedal Craft’s alkylation reactions, Benzyl chloride and aluminum chloride form a benzyl cation that can be attached to the benzene ring.

A bromination reaction occurs when the reagent is bromine in acetic acid.

A sulfonation reaction occurs when the reagent is sulfur trioxide in sulfuric acid.

A Friedel-Craft’s acylation reaction occurs when the reagent is acetyl chloride and aluminum chloride.

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Answer 5

Chapter 13, Problem 42P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The compound, which reacts faster in each of the given pair of compounds, is to be identified, and the chemical equation for the faster reaction is to be written.

Concept introduction:

In electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions, ring activating substituents on the aromatic ring increases the rate towards electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions.

All activating substituents are ortho-para directing.

In electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions, a mixture of nitric acid and sulfuric acid produces a nitronium ion, which behaves as an electrophile.

In Friedal Craft’s alkylation reactions, Benzyl chloride and aluminum chloride form a benzyl cation that can be attached to the benzene ring.

A bromination reaction occurs when the reagent is bromine in acetic acid.

A sulfonation reaction occurs when the reagent is sulfur trioxide in sulfuric acid.

A Friedel-Craft’s acylation reaction occurs when the reagent is acetyl chloride and aluminum chloride.

Answer 6

Chapter 13, Problem 42P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The compound, which reacts faster in each of the given pair of compounds, is to be identified, and the chemical equation for the faster reaction is to be written.

Concept introduction:

In electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions, ring activating substituents on the aromatic ring increases the rate towards electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions.

All activating substituents are ortho-para directing.

In electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions, a mixture of nitric acid and sulfuric acid produces a nitronium ion, which behaves as an electrophile.

In Friedal Craft’s alkylation reactions, Benzyl chloride and aluminum chloride form a benzyl cation that can be attached to the benzene ring.

A bromination reaction occurs when the reagent is bromine in acetic acid.

A sulfonation reaction occurs when the reagent is sulfur trioxide in sulfuric acid.

A Friedel-Craft’s acylation reaction occurs when the reagent is acetyl chloride and aluminum chloride.

Answer 7

Chapter 13, Problem 42P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The compound, which reacts faster in each of the given pair of compounds, is to be identified, and the chemical equation for the faster reaction is to be written.

Concept introduction:

In electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions, ring activating substituents on the aromatic ring increases the rate towards electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions.

All activating substituents are ortho-para directing.

In electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions, a mixture of nitric acid and sulfuric acid produces a nitronium ion, which behaves as an electrophile.

In Friedal Craft’s alkylation reactions, Benzyl chloride and aluminum chloride form a benzyl cation that can be attached to the benzene ring.

A bromination reaction occurs when the reagent is bromine in acetic acid.

A sulfonation reaction occurs when the reagent is sulfur trioxide in sulfuric acid.

A Friedel-Craft’s acylation reaction occurs when the reagent is acetyl chloride and aluminum chloride.

Answer 8

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Answer 10

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Answer 11

Ch. 13.2 - Based on Hammonds postulate which holds that the...Ch. 13.3 - Prob. 2P Ch. 13.3 - Using : O =N+= O : as the electrophile, write a...Ch. 13.4 - Prob. 4P Ch. 13.5 - Prob. 5P Ch. 13.6 - Prob. 6P Ch. 13.6 - Write a reasonable mechanism for the formation of...Ch. 13.6 - tert-Butylbenzene can be prepared by alkylation of...Ch. 13.6 - Prob. 9P Ch. 13.7 - The reaction shown gives a single product in 88...

Solution Summary: The author explains how ring activating substituents increase the rate towards electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions.

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Chapter 13 Solutions