Human Biology: Concepts and Current Issues (8th Edition)
Human Biology: Concepts and Current Issues (8th Edition)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780134042435
Author: Michael D. Johnson
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 13, Problem 10TY
Summary Introduction

Introduction:

Specialized centers of brain control and regulate the secretions of hormones by different glands. Thus, the endocrine system and the nervous system both work together to carry out processes of the body.

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A hormone differs from a neurotransmitter in thata. hormones act extracellularly, whereas neurotransmitters act withinthe cell that synthesized them.b. hormones are released only by neurons, whereas neurotransmittersare released by many different types of cells.c. hormones cause only fast responses (seconds or less) to stimuli,whereas neurotransmitters cause slow responses (minutes to hours)to stimuli.d. hormones affect only epithelial cells, whereas neurotransmittersaffect only muscle cells.e. hormones are released into the bloodstream and can activate manycells in many parts of the body, whereas neurotransmitters arereleased by neurons and affect adjacent cells.
The term “central nervous system” is used to refer to which of the following?     a. The brain and spinal cord     b. The ventricles that sit at the center of the brain     c. Cranial nerves that make direct connections with the brain     d. Nerves leaving the spinal cord innervating axial or trunk muscles near the center of the body Which of the following hormones is released by the hypothalamus during stress?     a. neuropeptide Y (NPY)     b. glucocorticoids (including cortisol)     c. adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)     d. corticotropin releasing factor (CRF; also called CRH)
Which of the following correctly describes the functions of the endocrine system? a. Transport of blood through the body and through the lungs b. Regulation of body functions through hormone secretion c. Regulation of body functions through nerve impulses d. Immunity and returning extra tissue fluid to the blood vessels
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