Chapter 12, Problem 29A

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The species having large size is to be indicated.

Concept introduction:

Cations are always smaller than their parent atoms and anions are always larger than their parent atoms.

In periodic table, from left to right in a period size decreases and from top to bottom, size increases.

Answer to Problem 29A

  ${\mathrm{I}}^{-}$

Explanation of Solution

  ${\mathrm{I}}^{-}$ is larger than $\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{l}}^{-}$ because both belongs to 17^th group and from top to bottom, size increases.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The species having large size is to be indicated.

Concept introduction:

Cations are always smaller than their parent atoms and anions are always larger than their parent atoms.

In periodic table, from left to right in a period size decreases and from top to bottom, size increases.

Answer to Problem 29A

  $\mathrm{N}{\mathrm{a}}^{+}$

Explanation of Solution

  $\mathrm{N}{\mathrm{a}}^{+}$ is larger than $\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{l}}^{-}$ because chlorine belongs to halogens and sodium is alkali metal.

alkali metals are largest in periodic table.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The species having large size is to be indicated.

Concept introduction:

Cations are always smaller than their parent atoms and anions are always larger than their parent atoms.

In periodic table, from left to right in a period size decreases and from top to bottom, size increases.

Answer to Problem 29A

  $\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{l}}^{-}$

Explanation of Solution

  $\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{l}}^{-}$ is larger than $\mathrm{C}\mathrm{l}$ because anions are always larger than their parent atoms.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The species having large size is to be indicated.

Concept introduction:

Cations are always smaller than their parent atoms and anions are always larger than their parent atoms.

In periodic table, from left to right in a period size decreases and from top to bottom, size increases.

Answer to Problem 29A

  ${\mathrm{S}}^{2-}$

Explanation of Solution

  ${\mathrm{S}}^{2-}$ is larger than $\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{l}}^{-}$ because in isoelectronic species more the nuclear charge, smaller is the size. ${\mathrm{S}}^{2-}$ has 16 protons and $\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{l}}^{-}$ has 17 protons so ${\mathrm{S}}^{2-}$ is larger than $\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{l}}^{-}$