Chapter 12, Problem 123QP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

On increasing the temperature of a reaction system, whether the average energy of collision is increased or not is to be determined, and the reason is to be explained.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

On increasing the temperature of a reaction system, whether the collision frequency is increased or not is to be determined, and the reason is to be explained.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

On increasing the temperature of a reaction system, whether the fraction of molecule with proper molecular orientation is increased or not is to be determined, and the reason is to be explained.

Explanation:

With increase of temperature, the fraction of molecules with proper orientation increases as temperature increase leads to an increase in the speed of molecules. This increases the kinetic energy and hence more and more molecules acquire more energy than the activation energy and get converted to products. Total number of collision per unit increases but the collision with proper molecular orientation stays the same.

(d)

Interpretation:

On increasing the temperature of a reaction system, whether the fraction of collision with sufficient energy is increased or not is to be determined, and the reason is to be explained.

Explanation:

Only those in collision result in product formation, which have sufficient energy to overcome activation energy. With the increase of temperature, the fraction of collision with sufficient energy increases as temperature increase leads to an increase in the speed of molecules. This increases the kinetic energy and hence more and more molecules acquire minimum energy required for effective collision.

(e)

Interpretation:

On increasing the temperature of a reaction system, whether the reaction rate is increased or not is to be determined, and the reason is to be explained.

Explanation:

With the increase of temperature, there is an increase in the speed of molecules, increasing the kinetic energy and activation energy decreases so more reactant get converted to products. So, the reaction rate also increases.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

On increasing the temperature of a reaction system, whether the fraction of collision with sufficient energy is increased or not is to be determined, and the reason is to be explained.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

On increasing the temperature of a reaction system, whether the reaction rate is increased or not is to be determined, and the reason is to be explained.