CAMPBEL BIOLOGY:CONCEPTS & CONNECTIONS
10th Edition
ISBN: 9780136538820
Author: Taylor
Publisher: INTER PEAR
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Chapter 11, Problem 7TYK
All your cells contain proto-oncogenes, which can change into cancer-causing oncogenes. Why do cells possess such potential time bombs?
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Proto-oncogenes can change into oncogenes that cause cancer.Which of the following best explains the presence of thesepotential time bombs in eukaryotic cells?(A) Proto-oncogenes first arose from viral infections.(B) Proto-oncogenes are mutant versions of normal genes.(C) Proto-oncogenes are genetic “junk.”(D) Proto-oncogenes normally help regulate cell division.
Suppose a gain-of-function mutation happens in an oncogene. Which of the
following changes is likely to result?
O a) tumor-promoting inflammation
O b) evading growth suppressors
Oc) sustaining proliferative signalling
O d) resisting cell death
The protein p53 is activated when the cell's DNA is damaged. p53 helps to arrest the cell cycle in
G1, allowing time for the cell to repair its DNA before replicating. p53 does this job by stimulating
the synthesis of a protein that inhibits the cyclin-dependent kinase. Mutations that inactivate p53
contribute to 50% of human cancers. Would you classify p53 as a tumor-suppressor gene or a
proto-oncogene?
Chapter 11 Solutions
CAMPBEL BIOLOGY:CONCEPTS & CONNECTIONS
Ch. 11 - Complete the following concept map to test your...Ch. 11 - Level 1: Knowledge/Comprehension 2. Which of the...Ch. 11 - A homeotic gene does which of the following? a. It...Ch. 11 - Which of the following is a valid difference...Ch. 11 - The control of gene expression is more complex in...Ch. 11 - Your bone cells, muscle cells, and skin cells look...Ch. 11 - All your cells contain proto-oncogenes, which can...Ch. 11 - You obtain an egg cell from the ovary of a white...Ch. 11 - Mutations can alter the function of the lac operon...Ch. 11 - It took three sheep to create the clone Dolly: A...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Relatively few inherited forms of cancer involve the inheritance of mutant oncogenes. Instead, most inherited forms of cancer are defects in tumor-suppressor genes. Give two or more reasons why inherited forms of cancer seldom involve activated oncogenes.arrow_forwardA cell inherits a mutation in a gene that results in a transcription factor, called NF-kB, constantly being in its active conformation. When active, NF-kB stimulates the expression of cyclins that promote progression of the cell cycle, regardless of other conditions. As a result of this mutation, how would this cell's phenotype be affected by this mutation? A) This cell would have a cancer phenotype B) This cell would grow larger in size, but would never divide C) This cell would likely undergo apoptosis D) This cell would not duplicate its chromosomes .arrow_forwardYour friend sends you two cancerous cell lines to examine and determine possible mutations. The results are shown below: Cell Line Mutation WT none (wild type DNA) 1 a deletion at the same region on both copies of chromosome 4 a point mutation in a gene on only one copy of chromosome 7 Based on this data, what type of geńe is mutated in each of the cell lines? Select all that apply O Cell line 2 has a mutation in an oncogene Cell line 1 has a mutation in a tumor suppressor gene Cell line 1 has a mutation in an proto-oncogene Cell line 2 has a mutation in a tumor suppressor genearrow_forward
- Why is it harder to develop a drug that targets a tumor suppressor gene compared to an oncogene (limit 3-4 sentences)?arrow_forwardImagine that there are mutations in the CDK genes such that their gene products are nonfunctional. What effect would this mutation have on an immature unspecialized blood cell precursor found in the bone marrow? The cell would not be able to reproduce itself. The cell would complete the cell cycle using cyclins in the absence of CDKS. The cell would be able to replicate its DNA but not translate DNA into RNA. The cell would be able to enter mitosis but not complete it. The cell would still phosphorylate the CDK-associated target proteins, and would do so more quickly.arrow_forwardLet’s suppose you were interested in developing drugs to preventepigenetic changes that may contribute to cancer. What cellularproteins would be the target of your drugs? What possible sideeffects might your drugs cause?arrow_forward
- Why are proto-oncogenes present in non-cancerous cells? A one sentence answer is fine.arrow_forwardWhy do cells have proto-oncogenes? What is their function? Use specific examples in your explanation.arrow_forwardWhy is p53 considered a tumor suppressor protein? Question 12 options: a) Because p53 normally detects breaks in DNA. b) Because p53 normally causes progression from G1 to S phase to halt until damaged DNA is fully repaired. c) Because p53 normally repairs breaks in DNA. d) Because p53 normally stimulates transcription of Repair Polymerase. e) Because p53 normally reduces the mutation rate of DNA polymerase.arrow_forward
- /20. In class, we discussed diffferent types of genetic change that can cause a normal gene (proto- oncogene) to become a cancer-causing gene (oncogene), Which of the following would not be a cause? A) translocation or transposition (movement of DNA within the same genome) B) gene ampliffication (increased number of copies of a given gene) C) epigenetic change D) point mutation that changes the gene's product E) loss of telomeres during DNA replication ancer?arrow_forwardRas is a proto-oncogene that is within the EGF pathway. The EGF receptor can activate the cell division pathway only when the EGF ligand binds to the receptor. A gain of function mutation occurs in only one copy of the Ras gene. What are all the possible consequences of this? Select all that apply. Group of answer choices The cell will undergo constant cell division The cell will still be normal as only one copy of Ras is mutated. Both copies must be mutated for the cell to undergo constant cell division There will be an increase of EGF ligands present in the cell The EGF receptor will always be active even with no EGF ligands bound and activate the pathway Ras will always be active and activate the proteins downstream that will turn on cell division Ras will be under the influence of the EGF receptor and will only activate if the EGF ligand is bound to the receptorarrow_forwardHeLa Cells are the most widely used human cell line. They have been used in thousands of studies, leading to countless discoveries. These cells were unknowingly taken from Henrietta Lacks, a Johns Hopkins Medical Center patient. Dr. Gey at Johns Hopkins Medical Center took some of the cells from Mrs. Lacks's cancer and discovered that they could keep growing and dividing indefinitely. Mrs. Lacks did not know these cells were taken from her and neither did any of her family members. Today, strict guidelines protect individuals participating in a federally funded research study (e.g., in a clinical trial). The study has to go through a lengthy review and participants receive information about all aspects of the study and provide “informed consent” to participate. These guidelines are known as the Common Rule. However, the Common Rule does not apply to cells or tissues removed during medical procedures. Scientists can use leftover tissues from surgeries, and biopsies for research…arrow_forward
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What are Mutations and what are the different types of Mutations?; Author: Science ABC;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I16YlE8qTBU;License: Standard youtube license