Why are proto-oncogenes present in non-cancerous cells? A one sentence answer is fine.

HIV is not an oncogenic virus, but it does allow for other viruses to affect oncogenes. How do viruses cause cancer progression at the cell level and how does cancer progress.

Which of the following describes the role typical proto-oncogenes have when they are expressed in cells that are not cancerous

What is the difference between a proto-oncogene and an oncogene?   a. oncogenes cause benign tumors (polyps), proto-oncogenes cause malignant tumors   b. oncogenes transform cells to hyperproliferation, proto-oncogenes have a normal cellular role   c. oncogenes have undergone post-translational modification, proto-oncogenes have not   d. oncogenes have undergone intron splicing,  proto-oncogenes have not

What is haploinsufficiency? How might it affect cancer risk?

Is it correct to say that the palladin gene causes cancer?

A student has identified Gene X as mutated in many liver tumors. The student transfects primary hepatocytes extracted from a biopsy of a normal liver and finds no evidence of cell proliferation of the cells. In contrast, when they transfect the liver cell line (HEPG2) they see evidence of proliferation. Explain the different results (limit 4-5 sentences).

how are the hallmarks resisting cell death and enabling replicative immortality essential for cancer development. explain each in 3-5 sentences.

Genes that encode proteins that promote apoptosis in response to cellular stress are referred to as:   Question 6 options:   Tumor suppressors   Proto-oncogenes