Physical Universe
16th Edition
ISBN: 9780077862619
Author: KRAUSKOPF, Konrad B. (konrad Bates), Beiser, Arthur
Publisher: Mcgraw-hill Education,
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Chapter 11, Problem 6MC
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In which of the following materials electrons
cannot move from one atom to another?
a. silver
O b. wood
С. соррer
O d. gold
Why do atoms become ions?
A. To have an equal number of protons and electrons
B. To have more protons than electrons
C. To have a complete shell of valence electrons
D. To become neutral
The study of the properties of molecules involves determining a molecule's three-dimensional, geometrical arrangement or molecular structure Molecular structure is described in terms of bond distances and bond angles. A bond distance is defined as the distance of the straight line connecting the nuclei of two bonded atoms. A bond angle is the angle between any two bonded distances that include a common atom.
Find the bond angle between the hydrogen atoms in a CH4 molecule if the carbon atom is at (0.5,0.5,0.5) and the hydrogen atoms are at (0,0,0), (1,1,0), (1,0,1), and (0,1,1)
Chapter 11 Solutions
Physical Universe
Ch. 11 - Prob. 1MCCh. 11 - Prob. 2MCCh. 11 - Prob. 3MCCh. 11 - Prob. 4MCCh. 11 - Prob. 5MCCh. 11 - Prob. 6MCCh. 11 - Prob. 7MCCh. 11 - Prob. 8MCCh. 11 - Prob. 9MCCh. 11 - Prob. 10MC
Ch. 11 - Prob. 11MCCh. 11 - Suppose there were molecules that had no...Ch. 11 - Prob. 13MCCh. 11 - Prob. 14MCCh. 11 - Prob. 15MCCh. 11 - Prob. 16MCCh. 11 - Prob. 17MCCh. 11 - Prob. 18MCCh. 11 - Prob. 19MCCh. 11 - Prob. 20MCCh. 11 - Prob. 21MCCh. 11 - Prob. 22MCCh. 11 - Prob. 23MCCh. 11 - Prob. 24MCCh. 11 - Prob. 25MCCh. 11 - Prob. 26MCCh. 11 - Prob. 27MCCh. 11 - Prob. 28MCCh. 11 - Prob. 29MCCh. 11 - Prob. 30MCCh. 11 - Prob. 31MCCh. 11 - Prob. 32MCCh. 11 - Prob. 33MCCh. 11 - Prob. 34MCCh. 11 - Prob. 35MCCh. 11 - Prob. 36MCCh. 11 - Prob. 37MCCh. 11 - Prob. 38MCCh. 11 - Prob. 39MCCh. 11 - Prob. 40MCCh. 11 - Prob. 41MCCh. 11 - Prob. 42MCCh. 11 - Prob. 1ECh. 11 - What kind of solid is ice? Why does ice float when...Ch. 11 - Prob. 3ECh. 11 - Prob. 4ECh. 11 - How could you tell experimentally whether a...Ch. 11 - From which class of solids would you expect...Ch. 11 - Prob. 7ECh. 11 - Prob. 8ECh. 11 - Van der Waals forces are strong enough to hold...Ch. 11 - Prob. 10ECh. 11 - What ions would you expect to find in the crystal...Ch. 11 - Why is the solubility of one gas in another...Ch. 11 - Why do bubbles of gas form in a glass of soda...Ch. 11 - Ordinary tap water tastes different after it has...Ch. 11 - How do unsaturated, saturated, and supersaturated...Ch. 11 - Prob. 16ECh. 11 - Give two ways to tell whether a sugar solution is...Ch. 11 - At 10C, which is more concentrated, a saturated...Ch. 11 - Prob. 19ECh. 11 - What is the difference between a molecular ion and...Ch. 11 - How could you distinguish experimentally between...Ch. 11 - Prob. 22ECh. 11 - You have a solution that contains Cl- ions and...Ch. 11 - You have a solution that contains Ca2+ ions and...Ch. 11 - You have a solution that contains Ag+ ions and...Ch. 11 - What is the easiest way to distinguish between a...Ch. 11 - Prob. 27ECh. 11 - Seawater freezes at a lower temperature than pure...Ch. 11 - Prob. 29ECh. 11 - What are the two chief ions found in seawater?Ch. 11 - (a) Is the percentage of the worlds water that is...Ch. 11 - The pesticide DDT concentrates in the fat of...Ch. 11 - Prob. 33ECh. 11 - Which of the following are weak acids?...Ch. 11 - Would you expect HBr to be a weak or strong acid?...Ch. 11 - Even though ammonia is not a base because its...Ch. 11 - What is the difference, if any, between a basic...Ch. 11 - Is it correct to say that the only ions an acidic...Ch. 11 - Which is more strongly acidic, a solution of pH 3...Ch. 11 - In an acidic solution, why is the OH concentration...Ch. 11 - Prob. 41ECh. 11 - When a salt that contains the negative ion of a...Ch. 11 - Prob. 43ECh. 11 - What salt is formed when a solution of calcium...Ch. 11 - What salt is formed when a solution of calcium...Ch. 11 - What salt is formed when a solution of sodium...Ch. 11 - What salt is formed when a solution of potassium...Ch. 11 - Prob. 48ECh. 11 - Prob. 49ECh. 11 - Boric acid (H3BO3) is a very weak acid. What would...Ch. 11 - The Al3+ ion tends to form AlOH2+ ions in water...Ch. 11 - Prob. 52ECh. 11 - Prob. 53E
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- ny If the bonding energy, in terms of (r), between two ions is (2-1), x and y are constant and n is an integer number. a) Find the repulsive and attractive forces between the two ions. b) If the bonding energy between the two ions at the equilibrium state is given as Find the smallest distance between the two ions to achieve the state of equilibrium. ny. 2) 1-narrow_forward3. conductors are materials that impede the free flow of electrons from atom to atom and molecule to molecule A.True B.Falsearrow_forwardChoose the correct letter 1. Non-conducting material inserted in between the parallel-plate system of metals to reduce the potential difference between its plates a. Dipole b. di-electric c. diode d. di-metallic 2. When a slab of insulating material is inserted between the plates of a charged capacitor, its capacitance a. is unaffected b. disappears c. increases d. decreases 3. All of the following affects the property to store energy of a parallel-plate capacitor; EXCEPT a. nature of the insulator between the plates b. thickness of the insulator between the plates c. distance between the plates d. the size of the conducting platesarrow_forward
- 2. Which of the following is a polar molecule? a. Alcohol 3. Intermolecular forces are force b. Acetone c. Water a. Within molecules c. Pushing molecules apart b. Between molecules 4. A water molecule has bonds with an unequal charge distribution. Which of the following categories of bonds does a water molecule have? d. Of Attraction between the protons and electrons a. Metallic b. lonicc. Non-polar d. Polar 5. If liquid A is more polar than liquid B, you might expect a. Liquid A to evaporate faster than liquid B. b. Liquid A to evaporate more slowly than liquid B. c. Liquid A and liquid B to evaporate at the same rate. 6. Which of the following property is the tendency of a liquid to rise in narrow tubes or be drawn into small openings? a. Capillary action b. Viscosity 7. When the cohesive forces between the liquid molecules are greater than the adhesive forces between c. Surface tension d. Adhesion the liquid and the walls of the container, the surface of the liquid is convex. Which…arrow_forwardThe number density of conduction electrons in a metal can be found from the density ρ of the metal, the mass per mole M of the metal, the number of conduction electrons per metal atom, and Avogadro’s number NA. If we assume one conduction electron per atom, which of the following gives the number density of conduction electrons for a given metal? a. NA ρM b.NA ρ/M c. NA M/ρ d. NA /ρMarrow_forwardWhich of the following particles is not a charge carrier for electrical conduction? A electronic hole b. Protons c. Chloride ion d. free electrons E Ferrous ion F. Potassium cation (K +)arrow_forward
- A crystal of salt consists of electrons and positive ions. How does the net charge of the electrons compare with the net charge of the ions? Explain.arrow_forwardQ1) select one : i) Photovoltaic material is made of semiconductor materials because : a. The electrons can freely move within it b. the electrons can transit between the valence band and conduction band c. The valence band and conduction band are similar d. The energy gap between the conduction band and valence band is largearrow_forwardFor the preceding problem, sketch the potential energy versus separation graph for the bonding of K+ and Fl- ions, (a) Label the graph with the energy required to transfer an electron from K to FI. (b) Label the graph with the dissociation energy.arrow_forward
- Your roommate is having trouble understanding why solids form. He asks, Why would atoms bond into solids rather than just floating freely with respect to each other? To help him understand at least one type of bonding in solids, you decide to embark on an energy explanation. You show him a drawing of a primitive cell of a sodium chloride crystal, NaCl, or simple table salt. The drawing is shown in Figure P24.10, where the orange spheres are Na+ ions and the blue spheres are Cl ions. Each ion has a charge of magnitude equal to the elementary charge e. The ions lie on the comers of a cube of side d. You explain to your roommate that the electrical potential energy is defined as zero when all eight charges are infinitely far apart from each other. Then you bring them together to form the crystal structure shown. (a) Evaluate the electric potential energy of the crystal as shown and (b) show that it is energetically favorable for such crystals to form. Figure P24.10arrow_forwardIn which of the following materials electrons cannot move from one atom to another? Oa. wood O b. gold Oc. copper Od. silverarrow_forwardSilicon and germanium are examples of a. insulators b. superconductors c. semiconductors d. good conductorsarrow_forward
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