Campbell Essential Biology (7th Edition)
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780134765037
Author: Eric J. Simon, Jean L. Dickey, Jane B. Reece
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 11, Problem 14IMT
For each statement, identify which major theme is evident (the relationship of structure to function, information flow, pathways that transform energy and matter, interactions within biological systems, or evolution) and explain how the statement relates to the theme. If necessary, review the theme descriptions (see Chapter 1) and review the examples highlighted in blue in this chapter.
14. A cell can produce and secrete chemicals, such as hormones, that affect gene regulation in another cell.
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Match the following with what organelle (one per blank) it is designated to go (letters
can be used once, twice or not all):
A. Lysosome
B. Golgi body
C. Endoplasmic reticulum mRNA transcript has a KDEL (amino acid code).
protein is N- glycosylated
protein has a mannose-6-phosphate sugar
D. Nucleus
MRNA a transcript has a long string of hydrophobic amino acids
E. Peroxisome MRNA transcript encodes for a string of basic amino acids
The information in DNA is used by cells to produce proteins that perform various functions in cells. The process of gene expression involves the transcription of a mRNA molecule that is translated by ribosomes into a strand of amino acids.1. Use your DNA strand to construct a part of a messenger RNA molecule.DNA: A G T A C C G G G C A A A C T G C A T T G T GmRNA:2. find it by searching the internet for the "Genetic Code Chart" to determine the sequence of amino acids in your polypeptide chain. Remember to START translation at the start codon by adding a Methionine and STOP translating when you reach a stop codon.
List 4 proteins that have different regulatory actions in different cells resulting in cell specialization.
Chapter 11 Solutions
Campbell Essential Biology (7th Edition)
Ch. 11 - Your bore cells, muscle cells, and skin cells look...Ch. 11 - A group of prokaryotic genes with related...Ch. 11 - The regulation of gene expression must be more...Ch. 11 - A eukaryotic gene was inserted into the DNA of a...Ch. 11 - How does DNA packing in chromosomes prevent gene...Ch. 11 - What evidence demonstrates that differentiated...Ch. 11 - The most common procedure for cloning an animal is...Ch. 11 - Prob. 8SQCh. 11 - Prob. 9SQCh. 11 - Prob. 10SQ
Ch. 11 - What is the difference between oncogenes and...Ch. 11 - Prob. 12SQCh. 11 - For each statement, identify which major theme is...Ch. 11 - For each statement, identify which major theme is...Ch. 11 - Prob. 15IMTCh. 11 - Study the depiction of the lac operon in Figure...Ch. 11 - The human body has a far greater variety of...Ch. 11 - Because a cat must have both orange and non-orange...Ch. 11 - Design a DNA microarray experiment that measures...Ch. 11 - Interpreting Data Review Figure 11.22 We can...Ch. 11 - A chemical called dioxin present in Agent Orange,...Ch. 11 - There are genetic tests for several types of...
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- Choose all that apply regarding gene transcription in eukaryotes: Exons are removed from mRNA by the spliceosome. RNA polymerase II must completely finish an mRNA transcript before processing can begin. RNA polymerase I catalyzes the synthesis of the majority of ribosomal RNA. Histone acetylation is a method of controlling gene expression. Acetylation creates more positive charges on histones, leading to tighter binding of the proteins to DNA. Introns must be removed from the initial RNA transcript. The hormone 17beta-estradiol binds to a G-protein coupled receptor to control gene transcription. The 5' cap of mRNA requires the free triphosphate on the nucleotide at the 5' end. Multiple transcription factors are necessary to form the pre-initiation complex (PIC) of RNA Pol II.arrow_forwardMatch the key learning to the process or investigation statement. a. one-gene/one-enzyme hypothesis b. a protein has a particular sequence of amino acids f. triplet hypothesis g. translation c. messenger RNA hypothesis d. stop code e. the genetic code is redundant h. RNA i. Transcription j. Start code 53. Only nucleotide variations adding or removing three nucleotides produced a functional protein. 54. ribosomes in the cytoplasm organize MRNA and tRNA to combine amino acids into a polypeptide 55. nucleotides are made of ribose, phosphate and one of the nitrogenous bases: adenine, cytosine, guanine and uracil 56. Jacob and Monod proposed that DNA's genetic message was copied on complementary RNA.arrow_forwardDescribe and explain (step by step) how DNA is Transcribed into mRNA. Then describe and explain (step by step) how mRNA is Translated into proteins. Be sure to describe where these events are occurring, which structures are involved and be as detailed as you can.arrow_forward
- * Google Translate x + re.com/courses/49703/quizzes/244266/take/questions/5315835 Understanding BAC-23 better might be the difference in curing cancer and saving millions of lives! You must sequence its genome and find the genetic code that makes the cancer curing protein. After running several tests, you have found the correct gene segment to be: GGG UCG ACA CUC UUU. Remember that bacteria are weird and their genes are made from a single strand with ribose sugar backbones! 1. Give the correct DNA template for this bacterial gene segment (GGG UCG ACA CUC UUU). ***Please use the following format or it will be marked incorrect*** Example: ABC DEF GHI JKL MNO, all caps, organized in threes with a space in between. Please make my life easier 2. Using the genetic code provided (GGG UCG ACA CUC UUU), translate this gene segment. ***Please use the following format or it will be marked incorrect*** Example: ABC DEF GHI JKL MNO, all caps, organized in threes with a space in between. Please make…arrow_forwardWhich of the following statament is NOT TRUE about gene expression? Lüffen birini seçin: O a. Gene expression is the process by which DNA directs the synthesis of proteins O b. During gene expression, the information encoded in genes is used to make specific polypeptide chains or RNA molecules. O c. The expression of genes that code for proteins includes two stages: replication and translation O d. Translation is the synthesis of a polypeptide using the information in the MRNA.arrow_forwardDescribe the process of RNA interference (RNAI). Include the proteins involved, how the process works, what function(s) it performs and how RNAI might be used in basic research. Small pieces on RNA shut down protein translations. They bind to the mRNAs that code for those proteins. 1.arrow_forward
- A scientist observing a cell during gene expression would be able to easily distinguish it as a prokaryotic cell by which of the following observations? Group of answer choices as soon as the DNA introns are removed from the template after the 5' caps are converted to mRNA after a transcription initiation complex has been formed during transcription once the pre-mRNA has been converted to mRNA 2. Which of the following would best ensure that a kidney cell and a liver cell from the same person would express different genes? Group of answer choices differences in introns unique sets of transcription factors they only have specific genes unique sets of promotersarrow_forwardA few genes produce regulatory molecules that help the cell assemble proteins. The journey from gene to protein is complex and tightly controlled within each cell. Which of the following statements best describes the role of DNA and RNA in protein synthesis? * A. DNA is the primary genetic material contained within a cell. B. DNA is the long-term storage while RNA is the messenger containing instruction from DNA C. DNA creates protein during protein synthesis & converts it into usable molecules while RNA assembles amino acid into a protein. D. All of the above. Humans and chimpanzees share many common characteristics. How would you explain the similarities of the amino acid sequences that can be found in both organisms? * A. Two groups share a relatively common ancestor B. Humans evolved from chimpanzees C. Two groups belong to the same species D. Chimpanzees evolved from…arrow_forwardTranslation occurs within the cell's _____________ and employs _____________ to manufacture _____________. Question 8 options: nucleus; the coding sequence of a gene; mRNA nucleus; ribosomes and a gene; tRNA cytoplasm; the coding sequence of a gene; mRNA cytoplasm; mRNA; proteins nucleus; mRNA; proteinsarrow_forward
- ANSWER QUESTION C and EXPLAIN A protein was recently discovered to be located in the nucleus. However, it is uncertain whether this is a protein that permanently stays in the nucleus or a shuttling protein that stays most of the time in the nucleus. One way to resolve this question is to perform the following steps: • Fuse the cells expressing the fluorescently labeled protein in their nucleus with the cells that are not expressing it. • Treat the cells with an inhibitor of protein synthesis to prevent the synthesis of more labeled proteins. • Observe for fluorescence in the fused cell with two nuclei. c. Why is it important to stop the synthesis of more of the labeled proteins?arrow_forwardANSWER QUESTION A AND B. A protein was recently discovered to be located in the nucleus. However, it is uncertain whether this is a protein that permanently stays in the nucleus or a shuttling protein that stays most of the time in the nucleus. One way to resolve this question is to perform the following steps: • Fuse the cells expressing the fluorescently labeled protein in their nucleus with the cells that are not expressing it. • Treat the cells with an inhibitor of protein synthesis to prevent the synthesis of more labeled proteins. • Observe for fluorescence in the fused cell with two nuclei. a. What is the expected result if the protein stays permanently in the nucleus? b. What is the expected result if it is a shuttling protein? Explain your answer.arrow_forwardBriefly describe the function of the following in protein synthesis. a. rRNA b. tRNA c. mRNAarrow_forward
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