Prescott's Microbiology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781260211887
Author: WILLEY, Sandman, Wood
Publisher: McGraw Hill
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Chapter 10.4, Problem 2CC
When electrons flow from the NAD+/NADH conjugate redox pair to the
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Shown below are reduction potentials for four half-reactions. Which of the coupled reactions is favorable? (Note that for Cytochrome c you must multiply the reduction potential by 2 for each coupled reaction because only one electron is involved)
a) 2 Cytochrome c (Fe3+) + H2O ó 2 Cytochrome c (Fe2+) + O2
b) NADH + Succinate- ó NAD+ + Fumarate-
c) Fumarate- + H2O ó Succinate- + O2
d) All of the above
Under standard conditions, will the following reactions proceed spontaneously as written?
(1) Fumarate + NADH + H+
(2)
succinate + NAD+
Cyto a (Fe²+) + cyto b (Fe³+) =
cyto a (Fe³+) + cyto 6 (Fe²+)
b
Indicate whether each of the following changes represents oxidation or reduction.
Write:
O = for oxidation ; R= for reduction
Example: cyt ci (Fet)
→ cyt c1 (Fe2+)
Answer: R
Blank #1: COQH2
→ CoQ
Blank #2: NAD+
- NADH
Blank #3: FMN
→ FMNH2
Blank # 4: FADH2
FAD
Blank #5: Fe(III) SP
→ Fe(II) SP
Blank # 1
Blank # 2
Chapter 10 Solutions
Prescott's Microbiology
Ch. 10.1 - Figure 10.2 The Relationship of G to the...Ch. 10.1 - Prob. 1CCCh. 10.1 - Prob. 2CCCh. 10.1 - Prob. 3CCCh. 10.1 - Prob. 4CCCh. 10.2 - Why is ATP called a high-energy molecule? How is...Ch. 10.2 - Describe the energy cycle and ATPs role in it....Ch. 10.3 - Prob. 1MICh. 10.3 - Prob. 2MICh. 10.4 - Figure 10.6 Electron Movement and Reduction...
Ch. 10.4 - How is the direction of electron flow between...Ch. 10.4 - When electrons flow from the NAD+/NADH conjugate...Ch. 10.4 - Which among the following would be the best...Ch. 10.4 - In general terms, how is G related to E0? What is...Ch. 10.4 - Name and briefly describe the major electron...Ch. 10.6 - Will an enzyme with a relatively high Km have a...Ch. 10.6 - Prob. 2MICh. 10.6 - Prob. 1CCCh. 10.6 - Prob. 2CCCh. 10.6 - How does enzyme activity change with substrate...Ch. 10.6 - What special properties might an enzyme isolated...Ch. 10.6 - What are competitive and noncompetitive...Ch. 10.6 - How are enzymes and ribozymes similar? How do they...Ch. 10.7 - Figure 10.19 Allosteric Regulation. The structure...Ch. 10.7 - Prob. 2MICh. 10.7 - Define the terms metabolic channeling and...Ch. 10.7 - Define allosteric enzyme and allosteric effector.Ch. 10.7 - Prob. 3CCCh. 10.7 - Prob. 4CCCh. 10.7 - Prob. 5CCCh. 10 - Prob. 1RCCh. 10 - Prob. 2RCCh. 10 - Prob. 3RCCh. 10 - Examine the structures of macromolecules in...Ch. 10 - Examine the branched pathway shown here for the...Ch. 10 - Prob. 3AL
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- Under standard conditions, will the following reaction proceed spontaneously as written? Fumarate + NADH + H+⇌ succinate + NAD+arrow_forwardBalance the following net reaction that occurs during oxidative phosphorylation. Use the smallest whole integers possible for the reaction stoichiometry. NADH+ FADH₂ + ADP+ 0₂+H+PO, ¹ NAD+FAD+ ATP+ +H₂Oarrow_forwardThe values of the reduction potential (Eº') of the conjugated redox pairs NAD+/NADH and pyruvate / lactate are -0'32 V and -0'19 V respectively. a) Which of the two conjugated pairs has a greater tendency to lose electrons? Reason for it. b) What is the strongest oxidizing agent? Reason for it. c) If we start with 1M concentrations of each reagent and product at pH 7.0 in which sense the reaction will pass pyruvate + NADH + H+ ⇄ lactate + NAD+ d) What is the standard free energy variation (ΔGº’ at 25ºC) for the conversion of pyruvate to lactate? e) What is the equilibrium constant of this reaction?arrow_forward
- Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (GAP) is converted to 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate (1,3-BPG) as shown. GAP + P + NAD+ 1,3-BPG + NADH Is this reaction spontaneous? How do you know? AG = 6.7 kJ mol-¹ The reaction shown above is coupled to the following reaction in which 1,3-BPG is converted to 3-phosphoglycerate (3-PG): GAP + P + NAD+ + ADP3-PG + NADH + ATP AG = -18.8 kJ mol-¹ 1,3-BPG+ADP3-PG+ATP Write the equation for the overall conversion of GAP to 3PG. Is the coupled reaction favorable? How do you know?arrow_forward20.12 Classify the enzyme that catalyzes each of the following reactions: |3| a. CH3-C-COO + CO2 + ATP OOC-CH2-C-COO + ADP + P; + H b. CH3-CH2-OH + NAD* CH3-C-H + NADH + H*arrow_forward1 a) What is meant by the ATP currency exchange ratio? Why does the oxidation of mitochondrial FADH2 generate one less ATP than oxidation of mitochondrial NADH? b) If 12 H+ are moved across the inner mitochondrial membrane by NADH oxidation, and each ATP synthesized requires 3 H+ to move through ATP synthase, why are only 3 ATP molecules produced by oxidation of each NADH?arrow_forward
- Which energy source, Fe2+ or H2S, would result in the greatest energy yield when O2 is used as a terminal electron acceptor (hint: refer to figure 6.7)?arrow_forwardIt is estimated that each electron pair donated by NADH leads to the synthesis of approximately three ATP molecules, whereas each electron pair donated by FADH2 leads to the synthesis of approximately two ATP molecules. What is the underlying reason for the difference in yield for electrons donated by FADH2 versus NADH?arrow_forwardUsing the symbols X-H2 and Y, draw a coupled oxidation-reduction reaction. Designate the molecule that is reduced and the one that is oxidized and state which one is the reducing agent and which is the oxidizing agent.arrow_forward
- Ozone in the lower atmosphere is a pollutant that can form by the following reaction involving the oxidation of unburned hydrocarbons:CH4(g) + 8 O2(g)-------->CO2(g) + 2 H2O(g) + 4 O3(g)Use the standard free energies of formation to determine ΔG°rxn for this reaction at 25 °C.arrow_forwardRefer to the figure shown here, and determine the value of E for the overall oxidation/reduction reaction (refer to the book/lecture slides if you need help with the overall reaction). 11/12102 + 2H* + 2e¯ → H₂0 NAD + H* + 2e → NADH O-1.136 volts 0.496 volts +1.136 volts -0.496 volts EU (volts) – 0.320arrow_forwardFor the following reaction[FAD] + 2 cyt c (Fe 2+) + 2 H+ —> [FADH2] + 2 cyt c (Fe+3)determine which of the redox couples is the electron acceptor and which is the electron donor under standard-state conditions, calculatethe value of ΔE and determine the free energy change for the reaction.arrow_forward
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