Research Methods for the Behavioral Sciences (MindTap Course List)
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781337613316
Author: Frederick J Gravetter, Lori-Ann B. Forzano
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 10, Problem 3E
Why are studies that examine the effects of aging not considered true experiments?
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What is the summary of the overall model of the data shown in question 1? Is it one that you would trust from a statistical standpoint? specifically why ?
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Explain some of the ethical issues involved in the use of the experimental model.
Chapter 10 Solutions
Research Methods for the Behavioral Sciences (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 10.1 - Define, compare, and contrast the experimental,...Ch. 10.2 - Define a nonequivalent group design and identify...Ch. 10.2 - Explain how individual differences threaten the...Ch. 10.2 - Describe the two nonexperimental nonequivalent...Ch. 10.2 - Explain how a simple modification of the...Ch. 10.3 - Define a pre-post design and identify examples of...Ch. 10.3 - Identify the threats to internal validity for...Ch. 10.3 - Describe the nonexpenmental pretest-posttest...Ch. 10.3 - Explain how replacing the single observation...Ch. 10.4 - Define cross-sectional and longitudinal designs,...
Ch. 10.5 - Identify the statistical techniques that are...Ch. 10.5 - Explain how the terms quasi-independent variable...Ch. 10 - In addition to the key words, you should also be...Ch. 10 - Explain the distinction between experimental and...Ch. 10 - Why are studies that examine the effects of aging...Ch. 10 - Explain why we can be more confident about causal...Ch. 10 - Give an example of a situation (aside from gender)...Ch. 10 - Mueller and Oppenheimer (2014) conducted a series...Ch. 10 - A researcher measures personality characteristics...Ch. 10 - A researcher wants to describe the effectiveness...Ch. 10 - Explain how the pretest helps minimize the threat...Ch. 10 - Describe the basic characteristics of a pre-post...Ch. 10 - To evaluate the effectiveness of a new television...Ch. 10 - What characteristic differentiates a pretest-post...Ch. 10 - Explain how a time-series design minimizes most...Ch. 10 - A researcher wants to describe how fine motor...Ch. 10 - Although the cohort effect can be a serious...Ch. 10 - Identify the appropriate statistical test for each...Ch. 10 - The college offers all students an optional...
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- What is an experiment?arrow_forwardVariation in gasoline mileage among makes and models of automobiles is influenced substantially by the weight and horsepower of the vehicles. An automobile manufacturer would like to determine if heavier cars consumer more gas than lighter cars. He collects data on 25 heavy and 25 light cars to test this hypothesis. What analysis would you complete to answer this question?arrow_forwardExplain why the predictor variable is useless as a predictor of the response variable if the slope of the population regression line is 0.arrow_forward
- wo thousand (2,000) adults ages 50 to 80 years were recruited into a 10-year prospective cohort study which started in 1971. The purpose of the study was to examine the effect of gender on death at the end of the study (died during the study period vs survived), controlling for age, years if smoking, and occupation. What is the most appropriate statistical analysis you would conduct to answer the research question? A. Multiple linear regression B. Survival analysisC. Multiple logistic regression.D. All of the abovearrow_forwardIt has been demonstrated that students with high self-esteem tend to have higher grades than students with low self-esteem. Does this relationship mean that higher self-esteem causes better academic performance? Does it mean that better academic performance causes higher self-esteem? Explain your answer, and identify the general problem that can preclude a cause-and-effect explanation.arrow_forwardResearch Question 2: For patients recovering from Alcohol Use Disorder, are therapist-led follow-up sessions (TFS) more effective in preventing relapse than Alcoholics Anonymous meetings (AA)? Does this question represent a correlational or experimental research design? Why?arrow_forward
- Should an observational study or an experiment be performed to answer the research question below? Explain your choice. Do students who miss their classes frequently earn lower grades than those who attend a high percentage of their classes?arrow_forwardDo test scores at pre-treatment differ from test scores at post-treatment? Note, this analysis should be conducted ignoring the treatment group they are in. Do male and female subjects differ on their pre-test score performance? Knowing the number of hours the student studied for the exam, can you predict their post-test scores? Is there a significant relationship between subject’s IQ and pre-test scores? Do the three treatments differ significantly from one another at pre-test? Do student IQ scores differ significantly from the population (μ = 100 & σ = 15)? Create your own research question based on the data. (All analyses are to be tested at α =.05, two tailed)arrow_forward32. What effect on the results of a regression does data that exhibits heteroscedasticity cause? Higher risk of type I error Lower risk of type I error Higher risk of type II errorarrow_forward
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