Biology: Science for Life with Physiology (6th Edition) (Belk, Border & Maier, The Biology: Science for Life Series, 5th Edition)
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780134555430
Author: Colleen Belk, Virginia Borden Maier
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 10, Problem 2AAATB
Summary Introduction
To write:
The effects on a cell that undergoes a mutation to its RNA polymerase gene.
Introduction:
The RNA is a type of
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Gene Expression:
14) Look at the diagram:
a) For each of the molecules in the diagram, identify what type of molecule
they are, and label their ends (3',5',N,C).
b) For each arrow, name the process and identify the major enzymes
involved.
c) Where do each of these activities take place in a bacterial cell? In a
eukaryotic cell? Draw a picture if it helps you explain it.
(b)
(c)
Point mutations in multiple tumor suppressor proteins have been linked to cancer. For
example changes in the gene for adenomatous-polyposis-coli protein (APC gene) may
result in colorectal cancer. Consider the following DNA sense strand.
3-TAC CGG TTG TGA AGC TGA ATC-5'
Derive the mRNA molecule from the given DNA strand sequence above,
paying attention to the polarity of the molecule.
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
Write down the polypeptide chain sequence arising from the mRNA molecule
of the question above, using the table of the genetic code (Table Q1 overleaf)
and indicate the C- and the N-terminus of the peptide chain.
Point mutations of a cytosine (C) often lead to the dysfunction of the APC
protein. Write down all possible polypeptide chains that can result from all
possible DNA mutations of cytosines, disregarding a mutation in the
MET/START and STOP codons.
Specify which of the point mutations identified in (d) are redundant?
For the given tRNA for Thrombin (Thr) write down all…
Process by which the DNA sequences encoding exons are exchanged and reordered through genetic recombination between DNA sequences encoding introns. Group of answer choices
a)RNA editing
b)Exon Definition
c) Exon Shuffling
d)Transesterification
Chapter 10 Solutions
Biology: Science for Life with Physiology (6th Edition) (Belk, Border & Maier, The Biology: Science for Life Series, 5th Edition)
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- if the following DNA sequence were transcribed, which of the following describes the output of this process? 3'- TCTGGACA-5' A. This would produce a protein that looks like 5'- A G A C C U G U -3' B. This would produce a tRNA that looks like 3'- A G AC C U G U -5' C. This would produce an mRNA that looks like this: 5'- A G AC C U G U -3' D. This would produce an mRNA that looks like 3'- U C U G G A CA -5' E. This would produce another strand of DNA that 0ok like 5-AG ACCT GT-3. ..arrow_forwardConsider the following segment of a template strand of DNA: Part A -ATA AGC TTC GAC- What is the mRNA produced for the segment? -UAU-UCG-AAG-CUC- Part B Complete previous part(s) • Part C What is the mRNA if a mutation changes AGC to AAC? Part D Complete previous part(s) Part E What is the MRNA produced if G is inserted at the beginning of the DNA segment?arrow_forwardThis is a list of molecular changes that could happen during DNA replication, transcription, mRNA processing, or translation. For each, determine whether or not the change will be passed down through generations of cells after it occurs. Explain your answer. C->G point mutation in the DNA of a coding region of a gene A->T point mutation in the noncoding region of a gene An error in transcription changes the mRNA sequence such that what was an amino acid-coding codon in the DNA sequence is now a stop codon in the mRNA sequence. An error in translation causes the amino acid alanine (nonpolar) to be replaced by the amino acid glutamic acid (polar and negatively charged).arrow_forward
- Date: Class: Name: Transcription Questions Answer the following questions. 1. What bases are found in RNA? 2. What bases are found in DNA? 3. Which strand is the messenger RNA complementary to? 4. Which strand is the messenger RNA nearly identical to? 5. What proteins help to direct the RNA Polymerase to the right location? 6. The end of a new nucleotide is always added to the end of an existing strand. 7. Distinguish between the following two terms: chromosome and gene. 8. Scientists have long referred to the DNA between genes as "junk DNA". But as scientists study the genome, they discover new and unique reasons why this DNA is not really "junk". Using internet resources, research 2 functions for sections of DNA in between genes. Describe your findings below. C) 2015 Bethany Lau.arrow_forwardConvert the DNA template to mRNA. Then,convert the mRNA to tRNA. Based from theresulting sequence in the anticodons of tRNA,determine the appropriate Amino acid sequence that will be synthesized. Refer to the genetic code.1. DNA Template: TAC-GGC-TAC-CAT-ATG-GAGmrNa:tRNA:Amino acid sequence: 2. DNA Template: TTA-CAT-CAT-ATC-GAT-GACmrNA:tRNA:Amino acid sequence: 3. DNA Template: CTA-GCG- ATA - AAA-TTT-ATTmrNa:tRNA:Amino acid sequence:arrow_forwardThe diagram below shows a section of double-stranded DNA undergoing both transcription and replication. RNA polymerase (gray oval) is bound to the transcriptional template strand and moving from left to right (arrow). The resulting RNA transcript is also shown (dotted line) with limited base pairing to the template strand. The DNA sequence is specified for a portion of the double-stranded DNA. IMAGE a. Indicate whether point C is a 5' end or a 3' end of a nucleic acid. b. Indicate which strand (upper or lower) is the template for lagging strand synthesis c. Indicate the nucleotide sequence of the RNA that was transcribed from the DNA region specified by the sequence. Label the 5' and 3' ends of this sequence.arrow_forward
- Below is a template strand of DNA. Assume the transcription start site is outside of this sequence so that the whole sequence is transcribed. After the mRNA is made, what amino acid sequence would be translated from this sequence? Translation begins at the first start codon of the mRNA. DNA template strand: 5’ ...ACTGATGCCCATGGC... 3’ a)Met-Pro-Met b)Ala-Met-Gly-Ile-Ser c)Thr-Asp-Ala-His-Gly d)Met-Gly-Ile-Serarrow_forwardWhat is mutagen? Give an example?arrow_forwardExplain point mutations and frameshift mutations. Which is more apt to disrupt the structure and or function of a protein coded for by a gene? Why?arrow_forward
- Match the term with its definition comparing genomic DNA, mRNA, and proteins. You may only use each option ONCE. where transcription starts. where translation ends a chemical group that indicates the first nucleotide that was added to the mRNA a chemical group that indicates the first amino acid that was added to the polypeptide a DNA sequence that is neither transcribed nor translated a non-protein coding region upstream of the start codon in the mRNA promoter complimentary base-pairs with the codon amino-terminus a DNA sequence that is transcribed, but not intron translated [Choose ] stop codon +1 site tRNA 5-prime UTR start codon exon 5-prime triphosphate promoter amino-terminus 5-prime triphosphate stop codonarrow_forwardSeveral different nucleic acids are involved in the process of getting a protein produced from a gene. DNA contains the "genetic code" for the protein. DNA is double-stranded, but only one strand is transcribed into MRNA. The MRNA then goes into the cytoplasm where it is translated into protein with the help of TRNA. At each stage of the process, there is base complementarity (A pairs with T/U and C pairs with G) between the nucleic acids involved to ensure the integrity of the DNA blueprint for the protein being produced. Therefore, some of the four strands of nucleic acids involved will match (except U replaces T in RNA) and some will have base complementarity. Indicate whether there is matching (1) or base complementarity (2) between the following nucleic acids. DNA sense strand and MRNA DNA sense strand and tRNA DNA antisense strand and MRNA MRNA and TRNAarrow_forwardExplain the physical barrier to RNA polymerases ?arrow_forward
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